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Rangers of the North

2021-03-05T11:27:07Z

141.101.68.31: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{disambig-two|[[Dúnedain of Arnor|Dúnedain]] Rangers of [[Eriador]]|[[Gondorians|Gondorian]] Rangers|[[Rangers of Ithilien]]}}
[[File:Angelo Montanini - Rangers of the North.jpg|thumb|[[Angelo Montanini]] - ''Rangers of the North'']]
'''Rangers of the North''', or simply '''the Rangers''', were the northern wandering people of [[Eriador]], the last remnant of the [[Dúnedain of Arnor]] who had once peopled the North Kingdom of [[Arnor]]. They protected the lands they wandered although their secretiveness made other peoples consider them dangerous and distrustful in [[Bree]] and [[the Shire]], where they were known as "Watchers".

They were grim in appearance and were usually dressed in grey or dark green, with a cloak-clasp shaped like a 6-pointed star.

The term 'Rangers of the North' was used most often by those who lived in the southern lands of [[Rohan]] and [[Gondor]], perhaps to distinguish this people from their distant cousins, the [[Rangers of Ithilien]]. Like the Rangers of the North, these were also Dúnedain, but they belonged to the South-kingdom of Gondor, and their ancestors had been divided from the Northern Dúnedain for some three thousand years.
==Background==
{{main|Men of Arnor}}
The Dúnedain of Arnor dwindled after the breaking of Arnor into three kingdoms and the wars with [[Angmar]]. [[Cardolan]] and [[Rhudaur]] soon fell and only the petty-kingdom of [[Arthedain]] maintained the noble line of [[Isildur]]. Finally, that too was destroyed in the [[Battle of Fornost]] and [[Arvedui]], the last King of Arthedain was lost in the sea.

Arvedui's son and heir, [[Aranarth]] claimed the title of the [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftain]], who would rule the remnants of his people. [[Elrond]] had in his keeping the heirlooms of the house of [[Isildur]]: the shards of [[Narsil]], the [[Star of Elendil]], the [[Sceptre of Annúminas]] and later the [[Ring of Barahir]], ransomed from the [[Lossoth]].

Each of Aranarth's heirs (who, like him, could trace his descent back to Isildur himself) would be secretly born and raised in [[Rivendell]].

The Rangers became a secretive wandering and nomadic people around [[Eriador]], far from Sauron's spies, little known or remembered, and their deeds were seldom recorded.

==History==
The [[Watchful Peace]] followed the loss of Arnor and after its end, the enemies concentrated mostly against [[Rhovanion]] and [[Gondor]]. During that time, the Rangers fought minor battles and skirmishes against [[orcs]] and [[wolves]] in order to keep the region safe. The [[hobbits]] of [[the Shire]] flourished under their protection.

During the rule of [[Arassuil]], the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]] became more bold, daring to invade Eriador. The Rangers fought many battles trying to hold them back, but one party managed to reach the Shire, and were fought off by a party of brave Hobbits under [[Bandobras Took]] in {{TA|2747}}. Soon after, the [[Long Winter]] arrived and many lives were lost, and [[Gandalf]] had to help the Hobbits of the Shire survive.<ref name=ta/>

In {{TA|2911|n}}, during [[Argonui]]'s rule, the [[Fell Winter (Third Age)|Fell Winter]] began with the [[Brandywine]] freezing over. This was a catalyst for [[White Wolves]] invading Eriador from the North. In the last year of his reign, great floods devastated [[Enedwaith]] and [[Minhiriath]] leaving [[Tharbad]] ruined and deserted.<ref name=ta>{{App|TA}}</ref> The following years were peaceful although [[Arador]] was killed by [[hill-trolls]] and his son [[Arathorn II]] was killed while hunting orcs.<ref name=tale>{{App|Tale}}</ref>

Arathorn's son, [[Aragorn|Aragorn II]] succeeded him, who between {{TA|2957|n}} to {{TA|2980|n}} took great journeys, serving in the armies of King [[Thengel]] of [[Rohan]], and Steward [[Ecthelion II]] of Gondor. Many of his tasks weakened [[Sauron]] and his allies, and the West endured him during the [[War of the Ring]].<ref name=ta/><ref>{{App|Stewards}}</ref>

[[Saruman]] followed Gandalf's interest for the Hobbits and put spies in Bree and Southfarthing. In the years leading up to the [[War of the Ring]], his spies saw that the Shire was closely guarded by the Rangers. When Gandalf suspected that Bilbo Baggins possessed the [[One Ring]] the guard was doubled (perhaps at his request to Chieftain [[Aragorn]]). He also asked Aragorn to locate [[Gollum]].<ref name=ta/>

At that time Aragorn's Rangers were scattered and diminished. When [[Halbarad]] led a troop of the Rangers into the south to Aragorn's aid in the War, in haste he could muster no more than thirty in this company who fought in the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields|Battle of Pelennor Fields]].

Aragorn eventually became King Elessar of the [[Reunited Kingdom]] and the Rangers became once more a united people under the line of [[Elendil]] in the [[Fourth Age]].

== Portrayal in adaptations ==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Rangers of the North.jpg|300px|thumb|Rangers of the North in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''.]]'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Rangers of the North are called simply Rangers in the game. There were some scattered about Middle-earth, but there were also many who were organized. There was a group that [[Aragorn]] led to keep track of the Enemy's movement during "Stirrings in the Darkness". The main Ranger factions in the game are the Rangers of Esteldín, the Wardens of [[Annúminas]], and later they merge into the [[Grey Company]].

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:The Rangers of the North first appear in the Prologue of the game. They have set up several barricades at [[Sarn Ford]] to prevent the [[Nazgûl]] from entering [[the Shire]]. They, however, fail to maintain their positions and are defeated.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], ''Prologue''</ref> Many Rangers are killed, some have reorganized their camp at Sarn Ford while others are patrolling and scoutring the surrounding lands.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 2: Barrow-downs, ''Prologue''</ref>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of the Rangers of the North|Images of the Rangers of the North]]

{{references}}

[[Category:Rangers]]
[[Category:Dúnedain of the North]]

Tar-Aldarion

2021-03-01T19:52:03Z

141.101.68.31: /* History */

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Tar-Aldarion
| image=[[File:Peter Xavier Price - He Knew Her For Erendis.jpg|250px]]
| caption="He Knew Her For Erendis" by [[:Category:Images by Peter Xavier Price|Peter Xavier Price]]
| pronun=[[Quenya|Q]], {{IPA|[ˌtaralˈdari.on]}}
| othernames=''Anardil'' ([[Quenya|Q]]), ''Anardilya''
| titles=[[King of Númenor]] "Great Captain" Lord of the Ships and Havens of Númenor Master of the Forests
| position=Mariner
| location=[[Númenor]]
| affiliation=[[Guild of Venturers]]
| language=[[Adûnaic]], [[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=April, {{SA|700}}
| birthlocation=[[Forostar]]
| rule={{SA|883}} - {{SA|1075|n}} (192 years)
| death={{SA|1098}}
| deathlocation=
| age=398
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| parentage=[[Tar-Meneldur]] and [[Almarian]]
| siblings=[[Ailinel]] and [[Almiel]]
| spouse=[[Erendis]]
| children=[[Tar-Ancalimë|Ancalimë]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=Golden
| eyes=Blue
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=[[Eämbar]] (ship) [[Palarran]] (ship) [[Hirilondë]] (ship)
}}
<center>{{quote|Aldarion, for so he is called in all tales, grew swiftly to a man of great stature, strong and vigorous in mind and body, golden-haired as his mother, ready to mirth and generous, but prouder than his father and ever more bent on his own will.|''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Aldarion and Erendis: The Mariner's Wife]]}}</center>
'''Tar-Aldarion''' was the sixth King of [[Númenor]],<ref>{{UT|Kings}}, Tar-Aldarion</ref> whose major accomplishments were his expansion of Númenor's maritime traditions and his [[Middle-earth]] explorations. He was married to [[Erendis]], a [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] woman of lesser status than Aldarion himself, and therefore she had a shorter life-span. Aldarion's love for the sea ultimately caused a rift between the couple. The tale of their marriage and estrangement survived the [[Downfall of Númenor]] as "Aldarion and Erendis" or "The Mariner's Wife".<ref name="Wife">{{UT|Wife}}</ref>
==History==
===The Great Mariner===
His first love was the sea, and he was already a great explorer before he became king, leading his crew in long voyages to Middle-earth, mostly against the wishes of his family. Aldarion created the [[Guild of Venturers]], whose quarters were on the ship [[Eämbar]]. He made several journeys to Middle-earth and established a friendship with [[Gil-galad]] in [[Lindon]].<ref name="Wife"/> A visionary man, he saw the threat coming from [[Sauron]] upon the races of [[Elves]] and [[Men]] alike, so he built a vital Númenórean port in Middle-earth, at the mouth of the river [[Gwathló]]. It was named [[Vinyalondë]] and parts of it survived into the [[Third Age]] as the port of [[Lond Daer]].<ref name="Lond Daer">{{UT|6d}}</ref>

At his command, numerous ships were built, among which 3 were mentioned more often:

* [[Eämbar]], the "Sea-Home", headquarters for the Guild of Venturers
* [[Palarran]], the "Far Wanderer", which served him in many voyages
* [[Hirilondë]], the "Haven-finder", largest in Númenor

However, the first ship he had sailed on belonged to [[Vëantur]] and was called [[Númerrámar]], the "West-wings".<ref name="Wife"/>

Around that time, the [[Drúedain]] who were living in Númenor became uneasy when Tar-Aldarion started his great travels and urged him not to go, foreseeing the mischief to come. They did not succeed and one after another they took ships towards Middle-earth.<ref>{{UT|Druedain}}</ref> Indeed under his reign the deforesting of [[Enedwaith]] and [[Minhiriath]] began.<ref name="Lond Daer"/>

===Aldarion and Erendis===
Even before they were wed, Aldarion's love for the sea would prove to be Erendis' rival. In their conversations it is often stated that, for Erendis' part, Lady [[Uinen]] was her foe, while Aldarion's was the Vala [[Oromë]], referring to his wife's love for the forests and all growing things on the Island of Númenor. Such opposing characters led to the breaking of their marriage, one important factor in their separation being Aldarion's voyages, which kept him away from home for long years. Though in the end, as it is revealed in the [[Gil-galad's letter|letter sent by Gil-galad]] and read by King Meneldur, Aldarion was right to pursue his explorations, Erendis could not be convinced to renounce her pride and reconcile with him.<ref name="Wife"/>

===Succession===
His only child was a daughter, [[Tar-Ancalimë]], so he changed the [[Law of Succession in Númenor|Law of Succession]], replacing the principle of agnatic primogeniture with that of absolute cognatic primogeniture and she became the first ruling [[Queen of Númenor]].<ref name="Wife"/>

===Chronology===
700 birth725-27 first voyage to Middle-earth (Mithlond)730-33 second voyage to Middle-earth (Mithlond)735-739 third voyage ; Aldarion explore the coasts southwards, till the great Bay of Belfalas740-50 2 voyages 750 the Guild of Venturers is founded750-800 many long voyages (+ de 4 ans mais moins de 14 ans , sans doute moins de 10 ans) ; Vinyalondë is founded800 Aldarion is proclaimed King's Heir806-13 Aldarion's seven year voyage816-20 first voyage of the Palarran ; Aldarion offers a diamond to Erendis824-29 voyage of seven ships in defiance of Tar-Meneldur, he comes back with 9 because 2 have been made in Vinyalondë ; Vinyalondë overthrown by sea and plundered by hostiles Men between 824 and 829829-843 voyage of fourteen years with 3 ships that followed immediately on the last846 Aldarion and Erendis encountered under woods850 Voyage around Numenor with Erendis858 Aldarion and Erendis are betrothed863-69 voyage undertaken by Aldarion after his betrothal ; he finds Vinyalondë wholly ruined because of the sea despite all his labours to restore it. 870 wedding873 birth of Ancalimë877-82 first voyage of the Hirilondë882 breach with Erendis883 Aldarion receive the Sceptre of Númenor883-1000 last voyages of Aldarion ; meeting with Galadriel at Tharbad ; works that he begins again at Vinyalondë are never completed, and the sea gnaw them

==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Aldarion.mp3|Ardamir}}
''Aldarion'' (stem ''Aldariond-'') signifies "Son of the trees" (''[[alda]]'' + ''[[-ion]]'') because he was a noted tree steward and forester — trees were essential to the construction of his fleets, but he took great care to replenish what was being felled.{{fact}}

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | ELE | | | | | | VEA | | | | | | |ELE=[[Tar-Elendil]] ''{{SA|350|n}} - {{SA|751|n}}''|VEA=[[Vëantur]] ''b. {{SA|451|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | ELA |y| SIL | | ISI | | MEN |y| ALM | | | | | | |ELA=[[Elatan]] ''unknown''|SIL=[[Silmariën]] ''b. {{SA|521|n}}''|ISI=[[Isilmë]] ''b. {{SA|532|n}}''|MEN=[[Tar-Meneldur]] ''{{SA|543|n}} - {{SA|942|n}}''|ALM=[[Almarian]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | VAL | | ERE |y| ALD | | AIL |y| ORC | | ALM |VAL=[[Valandil (Lord of Andúnië)|Valandil]] ''b. {{SA|630|n}}''|ERE=[[Erendis]] ''{{SA|771|n}} - {{SA|985|n}}''|ALD='''TAR-ALDARION''' ''{{SA|700|n}} - {{SA|1098|n}}''|AIL=[[Ailinel]] ''b. {{SA|712|n}}''|ORC=[[Orchaldor]] ''unknown''|ALM=[[Almiel]] ''b. {{SA|729|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |:| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | AND | | | | ANC |y| HAL | | SOR | | | | | | |AND=[[Lords of Andúnië|''Lords of Andúnië'']]|ANC=[[Tar-Ancalimë]] ''{{SA|873|n}} - {{SA|1285|n}}''|HAL=[[Hallacar]] ''{{SA|852|n}} - {{SA|1211|n}}''|SOR=[[Soronto]] ''b. {{SA|799|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | ANA | | | | | | | | | | | | |ANA=[[Tar-Anárion]] ''{{SA|1003|n}} - {{SA|1404|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>
{{References}}

==See also==
*[[King of Númenor]]

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=numenorean
| house=[[House of Elros]]
| born={{SA|700}}
| died={{SA|1098}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=[[Tar-Meneldur]]
| list=6th [[King of Númenor]]
| dates={{SA|883}} - {{SA|1075|n}}
| next=[[Tar-Ancalimë]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{numenorkings}}
{{numenor}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:TarAldarion}}
[[Category:House of Elros]]
[[Category:Rulers of Númenor]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Tar-Aldarion]]
[[fi:Tar-Aldarion]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens/tar-aldarion]]

User talk:108.162.229.77

2021-02-06T16:02:17Z

141.101.68.31:

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How did my IP come to your attention? Or is this just a random message?

Vincent Ferré

2021-01-07T12:27:25Z

141.101.68.31: updates

{{author infobox
| image=
| name=Vincent Ferré
| born=[[23 October]], [[1974]]
| died=
| education=[[wikipedia:Sorbonne_University|Université Paris-Sorbonne]], France
| occupation=Author, translator, Professor (Université Paris Est)
| location=France
| website=[https://lis.u-pec.fr/membres/membres-permanents/ferre-vincent/ official website]
}}
'''Vincent Ferré''' (born [[23 October]] [[1974]]) is a French [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] scholar, lecturer and translator. He has written numerous books on the subject of Tolkien and medievalism, contributed articles to the ''[[Hither Shore (journal)|Hither Shore]]'' and the [[Tolkien Estate]], and runs his own dedicated Tolkien website [http://www.pourtolkien.fr/ Pour Tolkien]. Professionally, he is a Professor of General and Comparative Literature at the [[wikipedia:Paris 12 Val de Marne University|Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne]]. He has been credited on the Tolkien Estate website as someone who has 'supervised all translations and followed all the later stages of production of our website [https://www.tolkienestate.com/en/paths/credits.html].

==Books==
* [[2001]]: ''[[Tolkien: sur les rivages de la Terre du Milieu]]''
* [[2004]]: ''[[Tolkien, trente ans après]]'' (editor)
* [[2011]]: ''[[Tolkien aujourd'hui]]'' (co-editor)
* [[2012]]: ''[[Dictionnaire Tolkien]]'' (editor)
* [[2013]]: ''[[Tolkien. la fabrique d'un monde]]'' (co-editor)
* [[2014]]: ''[[Lire J.R.R. Tolkien]]''

==Articles==
* [[2003]]: ''[[Tolkien in Translation]]''
** "Traduire Tolkien en français: On the Translation of J.R.R. Tolkien's Works into French and their Reception in France" (with Daniel Lauzon and David Riggs)
* [[2004]]: ''[[Translating Tolkien: Text and Film]]''
** "Tolkien, Our Judge of Peter Jackson"
* [[2008]]: ''[[Tolkien's Shorter Works]]''
** "The Rout of the King: Tolkien's Readings on Arthurian Kingship – Farmer Giles of Ham and The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth"
* [[2008]]: ''[[Hither Shore 4]]''
** "The Rout of the King: Tolkien's Readings on Arthurian Kingship"
* [[2008]]: ''[[The Ring Goes Ever On: Proceedings of the Tolkien 2005 Conference]]''
** "Tolkien, the author and the critic: Beowulf, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth and The Lord of the Rings"
* [[2015]]: ''tolkienestate.com''
** "[http://www.tolkienestate.com/en/learning/specific-works/leaf-by-niggle-hidden-nucleus.html Leaf by Niggle: The Hidden Nucleus]"
* [[2015]]: ''tolkienestate.com''
** "[http://www.tolkienestate.com/en/learning/specific-works/the-lord-of-the-rings-an-adventure-story.html Is The Lord of the Rings an Adventure Story?]"
* [[2015]]: ''tolkienestate.com''
** "[http://www.tolkienestate.com/en/learning/thoughts-and-studies/translating-tolkien.html Translating Tolkien]"

==External links==
*'''[http://www.vincentferre.org/ Personal website]''' (French)
*[http://www.pourtolkien.fr/ Pour Tolkien] (French)
*[http://lettres-sh.u-pec.fr/departements/lettres/equipe-pedagogique/ferre-vincent-517563.kjsp?RH=1348043379733 Profile at University of Paris]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ferre, Vincent}}
[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:French people]]
[[Category:People by name]]
[[Category:Translators]]