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Morgoth

2013-11-12T13:36:22Z

72.135.202.99: /* Minions */

{{sources}}{{evil infobox
| image=[[Image:Jenny Dolfen - And Morgoth came.jpg|250px]]
| name=Morgoth
| othernames=See [[Morgoth#Names|names]]
| created=Before the [[Music of the Ainur]]
| years=c. [[Years of the Lamps 1|Y.L. 1]]-[[Years of the Lamps 1500|Y.L. 1500]], c. [[Years of the Lamps 3400|Y.L. 3400]]-{{YT|1100}}, c. {{YT|1500}}-{{FA|590}}
| age=
| destroyed=Thrust into the [[Void]] {{FA|590}}
| realm=[[Utumno]], [[Angband]]
| gender=Male
| race=[[Ainur]]
| appearance=As [[Dark Lord]], assumed tall, dark, terrible form
| accomplishments=Disrupted the [[Music of the Ainur|Music]], [[Arda Marred|corrupted]] [[Arda]], Controlled all of [[Middle-earth]] for a time, created [[Orcs]], destroyed the [[Two Trees]], stole the [[Silmarils]], took over [[Beleriand]], destroyed the [[Two Lamps]]
}}
'''Morgoth''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈmorɡoθ]}}), also known as '''[[Morgoth#Names|Melkor]]''', was the greatest of the [[Ainur]]. He fell from glory when he disrupted the [[Music of the Ainur]] and defied the will of [[Ilúvatar|Eru Ilúvatar]]. Morgoth corrupted many of the Ainur to his allegiance, fought the [[Valar]], and corrupted [[Arda]]. His theft of the [[Silmarils]] and [[Wars of Beleriand|wars]] against [[Elves]] and [[Men]] encompassed much of the history of the [[First Age]]. Eventually, Morgoth was bound in chains by the Valar and thrown into the [[Void]], leaving the permanent damage his evils had done, and his servant [[Sauron]], to trouble the world. One day, according to [[Final Battle|prophecy]], Morgoth will rise again in great wrath, but he will be destroyed in the [[Final Battle|Dagor Dagorath]].{{Pronounce|Sindarin - Morgoth.mp3|Gilgamesh}}

==History==
The first and most powerful of the [[Ainur]] that [[Ilúvatar]] created was a spirit known as Melkor. Because he wandered through the [[Void]] in an attempt to find and use the [[Flame Imperishable]], the source of [[Ilúvatar]]'s creative activity, Melkor developed ideas unlike those of the other Ainur. His feelings grew rebellious against his creator, for he wished to create sentient beings to inhabit the Void and was dissatisfied by the fact that Ilúvatar had not done so. However, Melkor could not find the Flame, for it was not in the Void, but with Ilúvatar.

===The Music of the Ainur===
[[Image:Ted Nasmith - Melkor Weaves Opposing Music.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Melkor weaves Opposing Music'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
When the Ainur [[Music of the Ainur|made music]], Melkor weaved his strange thoughts into his song. His song clashed against the Theme of Ilúvatar, disturbing the Ainur around him and causing some of them to attune their music to his. For a while the Theme of Ilúvatar and the discords of Melkor warred against one another. But Eru smiled, and sent forth a new theme. Most of the Ainur joined with it, but Melkor rebelliously opposed it even more violently. At last many of the Ainur stopped singing in dismay, and Melkor’s discords gained dominance. Eru sent out a third Theme against Melkor, sweeter and more beautiful than the others, and unquenchable. But though Melkor could not defeat it, still he opposed it. At last Eru halted the music completely with a single chord.

Eru then publicly rebuked Melkor, saying that all music found its source in himself, and thus Melkor could not create his own song or truly alter the Themes of Ilúvatar. Thus, though Melkor opposed Eru to his last breath, he only furthered the cause of Ilúvatar in new and wondrous ways. Melkor was shamed and angered by this judgment, but hid his feelings. When Eru showed the Ainur the product of their music, [[Eä]], Melkor was one of those who begged to enter [[Arda]], pretending to be willing to cultivate it and guide it for Ilúvatar’s glory. He actually wished to dominate Arda and its creatures, especially the [[Children of Ilúvatar]]. Nonetheless, he was allowed to enter Eä and come to Arda with the other [[Valar]]. Once there, Melkor declared to his colleagues that he was the master of Arda henceforth. [[Manwë]], his brother, did not understand his evil, but fearing that Melkor might try and disrupt their labors in Arda, called forth many more Ainur to protect them. Melkor departed to the remote regions of Eä, leaving the world in peace for a while.

===Wars of the Valar===
But Melkor took form, great and terrible, and attacked the Valar’s work in preparing the Earth. There was war, the [[First War with Melkor]], and though he disrupted their work and destroyed much, a great spirit named [[Tulkas]] came to Arda from other regions of Eä to combat him. After Tulkas drove Melkor away, the Valar managed to complete Arda, and the world was established.

The Valar dwelt in a land called [[Almaren]], and raised up [[two lamps]] to light the young earth: [[Illuin]] and [[Ormal]]. Melkor, meanwhile, had attracted the attention and even in a few cases admiration from the [[Maiar]], the lesser spirits of [[Arda]]. Melkor had many spies among them, and from them learned all that the Valar did, and bided his time. As the Valar sat down to a feast at the completion of their labors, Melkor gathered together those loyal to him, and looking down on the beautiful Arda was filled with hatred. Tulkas was wedded to [[Nessa]] at that feast, and she danced before the Valar. Tulkas fell asleep, and that is when Melkor struck.

Melkor with his host passed over the [[Walls of Night]] and returned to Arda once more. Without the watchfulness of Tulkas, the Valar were unaware of his coming, and he began to delve in the depths of the earth, making a fortress called [[Utumno]] northwards beneath the mountains in the dimness of Illuin. The [[Spring of Arda]] became blighted as the cold evil flowed out of the fortress. Death and illness took the green things of Arda, and animals fought and killed one another, while flies brooded in massive numbers. The Valar knew then that Melkor was at work, and sought his hiding place.

But Melkor struck the first blow. He destroyed the Two Lamps, and caused the world to be filled with flowing fire and surging water. The symmetry of Arda was broken. And in the darkness and confusion Melkor escaped, returning to Utumno. Though together the Valar were stronger than Melkor, they could not punish him at that time, for they needed their strength to keep the world from collapsing into ruin. The Spring of Arda had ended in turmoil.

===Dominance of Middle-earth===
With Almaren destroyed, the Valar departed to a new continent across the [[Belegaer|sea]], [[Aman]], and built [[Valinor]]. They also established new sources of light, the [[Two Trees]], to light the world. Melkor, meanwhile, wandered across the face of [[Middle-earth]], in various guises, but armed with cold and fire. Some of the Valar were unwilling to forsake Middle-earth, however; [[Ulmo]] and [[Yavanna]], particularly. Also [[Oromë]] would ride in Middle-earth, killing the terrors of Melkor, who began to fear that the Valar might rise up against him in wrath.

Melkor brooded in the north and built his strength, gathering his demons about him, breeding great monsters, attended by his Maiar-servants later known as [[Balrogs]]. He also created another fortress and armory called [[Angband]], in the northwest of Middle Earth, to resist any Valarin attacks. He placed his greatest servant, [[Sauron]], in control of that stronghold. Melkor, by wandering about, also learned of the awakening of the first of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]], the [[Elves]]. He instilled fear in them, and slew or captured many of them. Some of those he captured, it is believed, may have been transformed into [[Orcs]] by torture and breeding.

===Time in Valinor===
[[File:Jacek Kopalski - The Captivity of Morgoth.jpg|thumb|left|''The Captivity of Morgoth'' by Jacek Kopalski]]

The Valar were not long, however, in discovering the Elves. Fearing that they would be destroyed or corrupted by Melkor, Manwë decided that Ilúvatar wished them to recover Middle-earth at all costs. They laid [[Siege of Utumno|siege to Utumno]], and eventually destroyed it after a great battle during which the face of Middle-earth was transformed. Melkor was [[Captivity of Melkor|captured]] and chained with the chain [[Angainor]], but Sauron escaped. Melkor was imprisoned in the halls of [[Mandos]], and remained there for three ages, plotting revenge.

At the end of his time, Melkor was presented to his brother Manwë. Melkor, swallowing his pride with thoughts of vengeance, prostrated himself before the throne of Manwë, begging for pardon. Manwë granted him thus, though [[Ulmo]] and [[Tulkas]] were displeased with this judgement. Yet the Valar would not let him leave their sight, and he stayed in [[Valmar]]. Before long, he began to exert his corrupting influence on the Elves, especially the [[Noldor]]. For the [[Vanyar]] did not trust him, and the [[Teleri]] he thought too weak for his designs, but the Noldor were curious, and eager to learn what he could teach them.

===Revenge against the Valar===
[[File:John Howe - The Killing of the Trees.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Melkor and Ungoliant before the Two Trees'' by [[John Howe]]]]
In time Melkor found his greatest adversary and yet greatest tool in the form of [[Fëanor]], the eldest son of [[Finwë]], [[High King of the Noldor]]. Fëanor was the creator of the [[Silmarils]], which Melkor lusted after. As Melkor subtly spread lies and half-truths about the Valar and the Coming of [[Men]] in the form of rumors, Fëanor was greatly influenced, though he hated Melkor himself and had no idea that he was their source. His new ideas of wide lands and realms to rule touched the heart of Fëanor, and the hearts of many other Noldor. They began to murmur against the Valar, and the peace of Valinor was disturbed. Fëanor soon stirred up trouble, and while on trial before the Valar it was revealed that Melkor was at the bottom of the murmurings and troubles. Tulkas left straight-away to deal with him, but found Melkor gone. He had escaped.

Melkor was not seen for a while, but then appeared at [[Formenos]] to Fëanor, tempting him with words of friendship, and an offer of vengeance against the Valar whom Fëanor perceived had wronged him. Fëanor wavered, but Melkor pressed his advantage too much. He touched a chord about the Silmarils, and Fëanor, seeing his designs and lust for the jewels, cursed and rejected him. Melkor departed in anger, and went south past the mountain of [[Hyarmentir]], to the shadowed valley of [[Avathar]] where there dwelt [[Ungoliant]], a mysterious dark spirit in spider-form once his servant, but who had disowned him after his failure. After some time he convinced her to dismiss her fears with the offer of rich rewards, and she wove a cloak of shadow about them both.

Then Melkor and Ungoliant attacked while there was festival in [[Valmar]]. Melkor drained the [[Two Trees]] with his lance, and Ungoliant drank the blood. Then she drank dry the [[Wells of Varda]], and the two fled north to [[Formenos]], leaving the land once more in darkness and confusion. At Formenos Melkor slew [[Finwë]] and ravished the treasury of Fëanor, including the [[Silmarils]]. Then he passed over the icy [[Helcaraxë]], entering once more into [[Middle-earth]]. He was soon back in [[Angband]]. He had struck swiftly and surely. But Fëanor cursed him, naming him [[Morgoth]], and by that name he was known ever after to the Eldar.

===Return to Beleriand===

[[File:Ted Nasmith - Ungoliant Demands the Silmarils.jpg|thumb|right|''Ungoliant turns on Morgoth'']]

Once in safety, Ungoliant turned on her partner, demanding the jewels of Fëanor. The spider had grown in size and strength, and Morgoth, now very weak from his efforts, feared her suddenly. Lacking the strength to fight the monstrous spider, he reluctantly parted with each of the beautiful gems, and Ungoliant devoured them. But Morgoth refused to give up the Silmarils, though she tortured him. His screams went out to [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]] and the [[balrogs]], and they rescued him from her clutches, driving Ungoliant away with their whips. So Morgoth returned to Angband.

===Wars of Beleriand===
Morgoth rebuilt the fortress there, and learned of the Elves who had remained in Middle-earth. [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]] and the [[Sindar]] dwelt in the woodland kingdom of [[Doriath]], while [[Círdan]] and the [[Teleri]] lived at the [[Falas]] and [[Denethor of the Nandor|Denethor]] and the [[Nandor]] camped in [[Ossiriand]]. Morgoth made war on Thingol, surrounding Doriath and cutting Thingol off from Círdan. But Thingol was able to contact Denethor for help, and the Nandor joined with the Sindar to fight the [[Orcs]] between [[Aros]] and [[Gelion]]. Caught between the two armies, the Orcs of Morgoth were utterly defeated in the [[First Battle]]. Fleeing north they were intercepted and further demolished by the [[Naugrim]]. The Orcs attacking Círdan were more successful – pushing the Teleri to the very edge of the sea.

====Dagor-nuin-Giliath====
Morgoth was confronted by further challenges when Fëanor landed in Middle-earth. They set up at [[Mithrim]], but Morgoth [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath|attacked them]] quickly, hoping to dislodge them before they settled in too much and became a threat. But the Elves were just come out of [[Aman]], and they had the light of that country in their eyes. The Orcs dreaded them, and were swept before them like chaff before wind. Fëanor pursued them even nigh to the [[Thangorodrim]] and the gates of [[Angband]], but Morgoth sent out Gothmog and his balrogs. Fëanor was killed, but the balrogs were driven back. The Falas were freed, and though Morgoth had practically lost [[Beleriand]] outside of the [[Ered Engrin]], he was comforted in the fact that Fëanor was dead.

====Dagor Aglareb====
Yet [[Fingolfin]] came next, with his sons and the sons of [[Finarfin]]. They marched even to the gates of Angband, and yet could not go farther. As the Elves began to build (or rebuild) their kingdoms in Middle-earth, Morgoth waited sixty years before he struck again. It was the [[Dagor Aglareb]], the “Glorious Battle”, called such because it was a great victory for the Elves. Fingolfin and [[Maedhros]], eldest son of Fëanor, combined their strength and repelled Morgoth. They then set up the [[Siege of Angband]], which was designed to keep Morgoth holed up in his fortress.

====Dagor Bragollach and Fingolfin====
[[Image:John Howe - Fingolfin's Challenge.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Fingolfin's Challenge'' by [[John Howe]]]]Though Morgoth was not as helpless as he appeared, he remained dormant and hidden until {{FA|455}}. Then he surged forth suddenly, taking the slackened besiegers by surprise. Flames covered the formerly green [[Ard-galen]] (causing the battle to be known as the [[Dagor Bragollach]]), and several Noldor-lords fell in the succeeding combat. Much of Beleriand was overrun and [[Dorthonion]] was taken, as were northern [[Sirion]] and [[Maglor's Gap]]. In a single stroke Morgoth had broken the Siege of Angband, but the victory was not as complete as he would have preferred. [[Himring]] and [[Hithlum]] had held against him. King [[Fingolfin]] was dismayed and enraged by the defeat, and went to Angband. There he challenged Morgoth to single combat. Morgoth dared not refuse, for fear of showing himself a coward in front of his servants. With [[Grond (Hammer of the Underworld)|Grond]], the Hammer of the Underworld, he fought Fingolfin long. The Elf-lord gave him seven wounds, but at last was struck down. As Morgoth placed his foot on Fingolfin to crush him, Fingolfin struck one last time, and Morgoth’s blood filled the pools made by his hammer. Morgoth could not desecrate the body, for [[Thorondor]] flew into his face and escaped with the body.

====The Quest for the Silmaril====
For some time after that the world lay in watchful discomfort. The southern part of [[Beleriand]] was, for the most part, free from Morgoth’s direct wrath. There arose two in [[Doriath]], [[Beren]] of [[House of Bëor|Bëor’s House]] and [[Lúthien|Lúthien Tinúviel]], Thingol’s daughter. These two lovers embarked on the [[Quest for the Silmaril]], in the process removing [[Sauron]] from [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] and entering Angband in disguise. Morgoth lusted after Lúthien when she stood exposed in his presence, but she danced for him and lured him to sleep with her magic robes. One of the Silmarils was stolen from his crown, and Morgoth bore only two until the [[War of Wrath]].

====Nirnaeth Arnoediad====
Some time after, in {{FA|471}}, [[Maedhros]] made a great [[Union of Maedhros|alliance]] with the [[Naugrim]], [[Edain]], and other [[Noldor]]. They marched to challenge Morgoth, clearing Beleriand of his scattered forces. But Morgoth through his spies anticipated their actions, and met them with his allies the [[Easterlings]] in a huge battle in which he prevailed, and many princes and rulers of Men, Elves, and Dwarves fell. Thus the battle was named ''[[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]'', “Battle of Unnumbered Tears”. Morgoth’s victory was almost complete, as he razed [[Hithlum]], the [[Falas]], the [[March of Maedhros]], as well as [[Nargothrond]] in {{FA|495|n}}. But [[Turgon]], King of [[Gondolin]], escaped by the valiant actions of the [[House of Hador]], the last of the [[Edain]] in the north. The survivors had all gone down to the [[Isle of Balar]] and the [[Mouths of Sirion]].

===The Curse of Morgoth===
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Morgoth Punishes Húrin.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Morgoth Punishes [[Húrin]]'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
Morgoth took [[Húrin]], who had been captured during the Nirnaeth Arnoediad, and set him in the high places of Thangorodrim, to watch his family, whom Morgoth cursed. Upon the death of [[Túrin|Túrin Turambar]] and [[Nienor]], Húrin’s children, Morgoth released Húrin to further his cause.

===The Fall of Gondolin===
Some time later, by the aid of [[Maeglin]], a traitor-elf, Morgoth discovered and laid siege to [[Gondolin]]. [[Turgon]] King, the last male heir of Fingolfin’s house, was killed during the siege. Morgoth’s victory in the north was now complete, though he had lost [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]] his captain and marshall of his armies. and many other high-ranking officers in the battle. Also, a small remnant including [[Tuor]] and [[Idril]] escaped the destruction of the city, bearing their son [[Eärendil]].

===The War of Wrath===
This was to be Morgoth’s doom, for some years later, Eärendil sailed to [[Valinor]] seeking the pardon of the [[Valar]]. This he earned, and the Valar advanced across [[Belegaer]] with a mighty host. Morgoth loosed all his demons and defenses against them, but could not stop their might. His dragons fell to the [[Eagles]], and [[Ancalagon]] was brought down by Eärendil himself from his ship, [[Vingilot]]. Morgoth was seized in his fortress Angband, the Silmarils were removed from his crown, and he was bound once more. This time, however, he was ejected from Arda and cast into the [[Void]]. But though he had been vanquished, Arda was forever marred, and there was one still at large to carry on his evil legacy: his greatest servant, the fallen Maia [[Sauron]].

==The Future==
Morgoth remains in the Void, unable to return to Arda as long as the Valar maintain their power over it. Nevertheless, according to the [[Second Prophecy of Mandos]], Morgoth will come back and attack Arda. He will fight a great battle, called the [[Final Battle|Dagor Dagorath]], against the Valar and their allies, but will ultimately be slain by [[Túrin|Túrin Turambar]], the Man he cursed. By finally defeating Morgoth, Túrin will avenge not only himself, but all members of the race of Men, since Morgoth seduced them long ago.
In other versions Eönwë is the one who will kill Morgoth for his love for Arien (previously named Urwendi), instead of Turin. This is said at the end of The Hiding of Valinor.

==Legacy==
Morgoth's will was suffused into the matter of Arda, so in a sense he is never truly gone. Arda was [[Arda Marred|marred]] by him so deeply that only Eru could fully repair the damage. Those who wished to follow in Morgoth's footsteps, such as Sauron, found that by using his residual influence, they could easily corrupt races they wished to dominate.

==Characteristics==
[[Image:James Stirzaker - Melkor and the Silmarils.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Melkor and the Silmarils'' by [[James Stirzaker]]]]Morgoth had taken a form great and terrible, and was eventually unable to leave it. He received many scars and wounds over the ages: his hands were burned forever when he touched the Silmarils, Fingolfin wounded him seven times during their battle as well as a wound the foot that caused him ever after to limp, Thorondor scarred his face with his talons.

Morgoth wielded [[Grond (Hammer of the Underworld)|Grond]] in battle, a weapon he presumably forged himself in [[Angband]] (unless Sauron or Gothmog had held it safe after the [[Siege of Utumno]]). Morgoth was originally the most powerful of the Ainur and stronger than any other Vala; however, after his treachery to the Valar, he continually spread his influence and might thin across Arda and suffered several defeats, and his power slowly, though significantly, weakened.

==Etymology==
The [[Sindarin]] name ''Morgoth'' ("the Black Foe"<ref name=VT49a>{{VT|49a}}, pp. 24-5</ref> or "Dark Tyrant"<ref>{{PE|21}}, p. 85</ref>) was given him by [[Fëanor]].

Tolkien experimented (but apparently never reached a decision) with different Quenya translations of ''Morgoth'': ''Moringotto'', ''Moriñgotho'', or ''Morikotto''.<ref name=VT49a/>

==Names==
===Melkor===
'''''Melkor''''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈmelkor]}}) means "mighty arising"<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 115</ref> or "'Mighty-rising', [[Wikipedia:Viz.|sc.]] 'uprising of power'"<ref name=P4k>{{MR|P4k}}, p. 350</ref>. The name is generally used to refer to this [[Valar|Vala]] prior to his theft of the [[Silmarils]]; for after the theft [[Fëanor]] named him ''Morgoth''.

''Melkor'' is a compound of ''mbelek-'' (''melek'', "great, mighty, powerful"; root [[BEL|BEL, MBEL]]) + ''[[óre]]''.<ref name=PE17/>

The older form of ''Melkor'' is said to be ''Melkórë''.<ref name=P4k/>

In earlier versions of the [[legendarium]], the form of the name was ''Melko''.<ref>{{HM|HM}}</ref> At one instance in a late glossary (c. 1959), ''Melko'', meaning "simply 'the Mighty One'", is also said to be an alternative form of ''Melkor''.<ref name=P4k/>

===Other names and titles===
*'''''Bauglir''''', ([[S.]] "the Constrainer") was a title given to Melkor after his return to [[Angband]] at the beginning of the [[First Age]]. It was often combined with the name ''Morgoth'' to become the full title ''Morgoth Bauglir''.
* ''Dark King (of Angband)'' – given him by [[Men]]
* ''[[Dark Lord]]''
* [[Sindarin]] '''''Belegûr''''' ("he who arises in might") or '''''Belegurth''''' ("Great Death"; containing the element ''[[gurth]]'' "death")<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 358 (note 21)</ref><ref>{{S|Index}}</ref>
* ''King of the World'' - called thus himself after his return to the Middle-earth<ref>{{S|9}}.</ref>
* ''Black King''<ref>{{CH|1}}, p. 42</ref>
* ''Lord of All'' and ''Giver of Freedom'' – thus called by [[Sauron]] who encouraged [[Ar-Pharazôn]] to worship Melkor<ref>{{S|Akallabeth}}</ref>
* ''Lord of the Dark''
* ''Dark Hunter'' – Given him by the fearful early [[Elves]] before they met [[Oromë]]
* ''mbelekôro'' – [[Common Eldarin]]
* ''Great Enemy''
* ''Master of Lies'' - given him by [[Amlach]]<ref>{{S|17}}.</ref>
* ''Master of the fates of Arda'' - used by him when speaking to [[Húrin]]
* ''[[Elder King]]'' - used when speaking to [[Húrin]]<ref>{{CH|3}}, p. 64</ref>
* ''Melko, Belcha, Melegor, Meleko'' – Earlier names Tolkien used but abandoned

==Minions==
* [[Sauron]] – Greatest of his servants, later to become [[Lord of the Rings]], perished with [[the One Ring]]
* [[Gothmog (balrog)|Gothmog]], [[Lord of Balrogs]] – killed by [[Ecthelion|Ecthelion of the Fountain]] during the [[Fall of Gondolin]]
* [[Glaurung]] – [[Father of Dragons]], killed by [[Túrin]]
* [[Draugluin]] - First of the Werewolves of Angband
* [[Carcharoth]] - Greatest of the Werewolves of Angband
* [[Thuringwethil]] - Vampire Herald of Sauron
* [[Ancalagon]] – Greatest of the [[Winged Dragons]], slain by [[Eärendil]]
* [[Othrod]] – (noncanon) [[Orcs|Orc]]-general during the Fall of Gondolin, killed by [[Tuor]]
* [[Lungorthin]] - (noncanon) A Balrog, Master of the Guard of Angband
* [[Fankil]] - (noncanon) Evil spirit, escaped from Utumno after its fall, leader of dark armies in the East (Palisor)

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images of Morgoth|Images of Morgoth]]

{{References}}

{{Ainur}}

[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Valar]]

[[de:Morgoth]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/ainur/valar/morgoth]]
[[fi:Morgoth]]

Nan Dungortheb

2013-05-24T12:59:28Z

72.135.202.99:

'''Nan Dungortheb''' was the dreadful valley in northern [[Beleriand]] that ran west to east between the haunted mountains of the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] and the enchanted northern marches of [[Doriath]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref>

==History==
After [[Ungoliant]] fled [[Lammoth]] and the [[Balrogs]] of [[Morgoth]] she made her way to the valley below the Ered Gorgoroth. There she bred such horrors that the valley was given the name Nan Dungortheb. After she had departed the land was infested with her offspring.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref> Waters that spilled into the valley from the Ered Gorgoroth were defiled, filling the hearts of those that drank of them with madness and despair. All living things other than the spiders avoided the valley, including the [[Ñoldor]] who would only cross it by paths nearest to Doriath.<ref>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

When [[Aredhel]], daughter of [[Fingolfin]], attempted to ride eastward across Nan Dungortheb her party was separated by the shadows. While she succeeded in reaching [[Himlad]] her companions could not find her and were chased away by the spiders. Returning to [[Gondolin]] they reported her as lost to [[Turgon]].<ref>{{S|Maeglin}}</ref>

[[Beren]], sorely pressed by the forces of [[Morgoth]] who sought for him in [[Dorthonion]], passed over the Ered Gorgoroth and crossed Nan Dungortheb from north to south. He never spoke of his journey through this land lest the horror of it return to his mind.<ref>{{S|Beren}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
The name Nan Dungortheb is difficult to translate. The direct translation is "Valley of the Horrid West" in [[Sindarin]] (from ''[[nan]]'' = "valley", ''[[dûn]]'' = "west", and ''[[gortheb]]'' = "horrible"). However, [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] translates the name as "Valley of Dreadful Death", though neither of the Sindarin words for "death" (''[[gurth]]'') or "dreadful" (''[[goeol]]'') are apparent. This may indicate a mistake on Tolkien's part, or an extremely prosaic translation of the name.

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the land was identified as '''Nan Dumgorthin''', the "Land of the Black Idols". Instead of being inhabited by the offspring of Ungoliant (who never ventured to Middle-earth in this version), it is populated by strange Men that worshiped mysterious deities.
{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Valleys]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Nan Dungortheb]]
[[fi:Nan Dungortheb]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/beleriand/nan_dungortheb]]

Gorbag

2013-05-15T12:54:47Z

72.135.202.99: /* Adaptations */ Correcting the name of the actor.

{{orc infobox
|image=[[Image:John Howe - Gorbag.jpg|250px]]
|name=Gorbag
|othernames=
|birth=
|death=[[14 March]] {{TA|3019}}
|race=[[Orcs|Orc]]
|gender=Male
|height=
|hair=
|eyes=
}}
'''Gorbag''' was the captain of the [[Uruks]] of [[Minas Morgul]]. He served the [[Nazgûl]] who dwelt in the Dead City. However, due to the [[Two Watchers|Silent Watchers]] exhibiting unease after [[Frodo Baggins]] had passed by them, Gorbag and a patrol was sent to [[Cirith Ungol]] where [[Shagrat]] was in command.<ref name="Choices">{{TT|IV10}}</ref>

On [[13 March]] {{TA|3019}} Gorbag and Shagrat came across Frodo,<ref name="Great">{{App|Great}}</ref> who had been paralysed by [[Shelob]]. They ordered Frodo carried back into the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]] as their prisoner. During their return to the tower [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]], who was wearing the [[One Ring]], overheard them talking.

In their conversation Gorbag was clearly smarter than his companion: After Shagrat says that the Nazgûl were uneasy and that something nearly slipped Gorbag says that something ''had'' slipped. Shagrat says that Shelob got him, meaning Frodo, but Gorbag points out that there must have been more than one because someone else cut the cords from Frodo. Shagrat dismissed Gorbag's reasoning by claiming that he always took a gloomy view. Shagrat, who had been in the tower longer, was able to tell Gorbag that Frodo was not dead.<ref name="Choices"/>

On [[14 March]]<ref name="Great"/> the two Orc leaders stripped Frodo of his possessions. Upon discovering Frodo's [[Mithril#The Mithril Coat|Mithril coat]] Gorbag tried to keep it, which provoked a fight between Gorbag's and Shagrat's followers. Gorbag knifed Shagrat but Shagrat throttled him. However, Gorbag did not actually die at that moment. Later he attempted to stab Shagrat with a broken spear but Gorbag, hearing him, then stabbed him in the throat and trampled on his body.<ref>{{RK|VI1}}</ref>

==Adaptations==
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]:'''''
:Portrayed by [[Stephen Ure]], Gorbag is portrayed as a smaller [[orcs|Orc]] while [[Shagrat]] is a [[Uruk-hai|Uruk]]. It also shows [[Samwise Gamgee]] killing Gorbag rather than Shagrat.

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)]]:'''''
:Gorbag appears as a boss at the end of the "Cirith Ungol" level. In the game, Gorbag knocks down Shagrat and then Sam must defeat him by stunning him with pikes.

{{References}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Uruk-hai]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]
[[de:Gorbag]]
[[fi:Gorbag]]

Rob Dean

2013-05-15T12:49:37Z

72.135.202.99:

'''Rob Dean''' is an actor. He played several parts in [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]-games.

==Roles==
* [[2006]]: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-king]]'' - [[Azog]], Additional voices
* [[2003]]: [[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]] - Additional voice talent

[[Category:Actors and actresses|Dean, Rob]]
[[Category:People by name|Dean, Rob]]
[[Category:People of unknown nationality|Dean, Rob]]

Ufthak

2013-05-08T13:01:24Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

{{orc infobox
|image=[[File:Omar Rayyan - Ufthak.jpg|250px]]
|name=
|othernames=
|birth=
|death=
|race=Orc
|gender=Male
|height=
|hair=
|eyes=
}}
'''Ufthak''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]] of the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]].

==History==
Ufthak was captured and poisoned by [[Shelob]], and encased in her webbings. [[Shagrat]], his commander, saw him hanging there, but made no effort to free him as he was eager to leave the caves without making Shelob angry.<ref>{{TT|Choices}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
*''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)]]''
:Although not explicitly identified by name, a lone Orc can be found in the "Shelob's Lair" level, fighting for his life against Shelob's children in a small, web-filled chamber. While it might not truly be Ufthak himself, it may still be a homage to his fate.
:He can be left to fend for himself, but he will start fighting the player if they choose to save him from his attackers.

{{references}}

[[Category:Orcs]]
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]

Ufthak

2013-05-08T12:59:44Z

72.135.202.99:

{{orc infobox
|image=[[File:Omar Rayyan - Ufthak.jpg|250px]]
|name=
|othernames=
|birth=
|death=
|race=Orc
|gender=Male
|height=
|hair=
|eyes=
}}
'''Ufthak''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]] of the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]].

==History==
Ufthak was captured and poisoned by [[Shelob]], and encased in her webbings. [[Shagrat]], his commander, saw him hanging there, but made no effort to free him as he was eager to leave the caves without making Shelob angry.<ref>{{TT|Choices}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
*''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)]]''
:Although not explicitly identified by name, a lone Orc can be found in the "Shelob's Lair" level, fighting for his life against Shelob's children in a small chamber. While it might not truly be Ufthak himself, it may still be a homage to his fate.
:He can be left to fend for himself, but he will start fighting the player is they choose to save him from his attackers.

{{references}}

[[Category:Orcs]]
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]
[[Category:Servants of Sauron]]

Andúril

2013-05-07T12:43:30Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in Adaptations */

{{disambig-more|Andúril|[[Andúril (disambiguation)]]}}
{{objects
| image=[[Image:Noble Collection - Andúril.jpg|250px]]
| name=Andúril
| othernames=Flame of the West
| derivation=''[[andúnë]]'' = "west" and ''[[ril]]'' = "brilliance"
| location=
| ownedby=[[Chieftains of the Dúnedain]]
| maker=Originally [[Telchar]], reforged by unknown smith in [[Rivendell]]
| appearance=
| references=
|}}{{Pronounce|Anduril.mp3|Ardamir}}
<center>
{{quote|Renewed shall be blade that was broken, The crownless again shall be [[Aragorn|king]].|[[The Riddle of Strider]]<ref name="Strider">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[Strider (chapter)|Strider]]"</ref>}}</center>

'''Andúril''' was the name for the sword '''[[Narsil]]''' after its reforging in [[Third Age 3018]] for [[Aragorn]], the heir of [[Isildur]].

==History==
Narsil was a symbol of the kingship of [[Arnor]] and [[Gondor]], but was broken at the end of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] at the end of the [[Second Age]]. Aragorn, as the Chieftain of the [[Rangers of the North]], and therefore the descendant of the Kings of Arnor and Gondor, carried the fragments of the ancient sword. After three thousand years, Narsil was finally reforged as Andúril when Aragorn set out to reclaim his kingdom.

[[Boromir]], son of the [[Steward of Gondor]], travelled to [[Rivendell]] for the [[Council of Elrond]] because of the prophetic dream of his brother [[Faramir]]. The dream told him to "[[Seek for the Sword that was broken|seek for the Sword that was broken]]".<ref name="CoE">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[The Council of Elrond]]"</ref>

Aragorn carried the sword during his journey south as part of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], and it featured prominently at several points in the story, where it was sometimes referred to as the '''Sword That Was Broken''' or the '''Sword Reforged'''. Aragorn often used the sword to help establish his credentials as the heir to the throne of Gondor. This was especially true when he convinced the [[Dead Men of Dunharrow]] to fulfill their oath to support Gondor in its time of need.

== Etymology ==
''Andúril'' means "Flame of the West" in [[Quenya]],<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 34 (form: ''Andūril'')</ref> composed of ''[[andúnë]]'', "west" and ''[[ril]]'', "brilliance"). "West" here refers to [[Númenor]].

== Portrayal in Adaptations ==
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
:Narsil is reforgerd after Rivendell, though this reforging is not shown. Neither Narsil nor Andúril are named.

'''1981: [[The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1981 radio series)]]:'''
:Narsil is reforgerd after Rivendell, and Aragorn carries Andúril thereafter.

'''2001: [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]]:'''
:Because of Aragorn's ''warrior''-persona in this video game, Andúril merely serves as a melee weapon upgrade after Rivendell. <ref name="Veugen">[[Connie Veugen]], "'A Man, lean, dark, tall': Aragorn Seen Through Different Media", published in ''[[Reconsidering Tolkien]]'' (edited by [[Thomas M. Honegger]] ([http://dare.ubvu.vu.nl/bitstream/1871/10975/1/Aragorn_Final.pdf read in PDF]))</ref> Aragorn does not use the broken sword at any point prior. Notably, the sword's blade is constantly illuminated; It glows red during the day, and blue at night. In the game's credits, artist Jason Rosenstock is explicitly mentioned as the designer of Andúril.<ref>[[Vivendi]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', User Manual, page 22, "Aragorn Sword Design"</ref>

'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers]]'':'''
:In ''[[The Two Towers]]'', when asked by [[Háma]] to disarm outside [[Meduseld]], Aragorn is very reluctant, saying that normally he would give up his weapon, "if I bore now any sword but Andúril".<ref name="tKotGH">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Two Towers]]'', "[[The King of the Golden Hall]]"</ref> This scene and dialogue is omitted from the film on the grace that the sword Aragorn surrenders there was not Andúril.

'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''
:Andúril is not forged from the shards of Narsil until late in the third film. [[Elrond]] had the sword reforged only after [[Arwen]]'s pleading. He then took the sword to Aragorn in the camp of the [[Rohirrim]] at [[Dunharrow]]. Aragorn's acceptance of the sword, along with his decision at that time to take the [[Paths of the Dead]], showed his willingness to accept his destiny of becoming king.

:In the [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (extended edition)|extended edition]], the [[Mouth of Sauron]] refers to the blade as Elvish; this could either be a reference to its reforging or a mistake on behalf of the writers.<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Peter Jackson]], [[Fran Walsh]], [[Philippa Boyens]] (adaptors), [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (extended edition)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King'' (extended edition)]], "[[The Mouth of Sauron (scene)|The Mouth of Sauron]]"</ref>

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The reforging of Narsil is experienced by the player in the quest arc called "The Blade that was Broken". The player sets out to find the last of the Silithair, shining adamants crafted by Elves of the house of [[Fëanor]] in days of old, in order for the Elf-smiths of Imladris to reforge the sword into Andúril.<ref>[http://lorebook.lotro.com/wiki/Quest_Arc:The_Blade_That_Was_Broken Quest Arc: The Blade That Was Broken], Lorebook, lotro.com</ref>

{{references}}

{{weapons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Anduril}}
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Swords]]
[[de:Andúril]]
[[fr:encyclo:artefacts:armes:anduril]]
[[fi:Andúril]]

Azog

2013-05-02T12:40:51Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in Adaptations */

{{orc infobox
|image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]
|name=Azog
|othernames=
|birth=
|death={{TA|2799}}
|race=[[Orcs|Orc]]
|gender=Male
|height=
|hair=
|eyes=
}}
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]]. He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref>{{H|1}}</ref><ref>{{H|17}}</ref><ref>{{App|A3}}</ref>{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}

==History==
Of Azog's origins we know little; he was the chief of the [[Orcs]] of [[Moria]], and apparently the most important [[Orcs|Orc]] of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}. He had one son that we know of, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.

Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór]]'s desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt. Azog captured and slew [[Thrór]], and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at Nár, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.

When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin II|Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So began the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself.

King [[Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle (it was here that Thorin gained the surname ''[[Oakenshield]]''). Near the end of the battle, Azog himself emerged and fought with Thráin's cousin [[Náin son of Grór|Náin]] and, after breaking Náin's neck, his young son [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin]]. Though only 32 years old, Dáin swept the head from Azog's shoulders, and helped to win the day. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.

The [[Dwarves]] made no attempt to press their advantage, though, because [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin]] had glimpsed [[Durin's Bane]] during his battle, and warned the [[Dwarves]] not to attempt to enter [[Moria]]. Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for more than 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]].

==Etymology==
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]] (e.g., the similarity between ''azog'' and ''[[nazg]]''), though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref>
==Portrayal in Adaptations==
'''2012-13: [[The Hobbit films|''The Hobbit'' films]]:'''
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]]. He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc. According to Balin he is from Mount Gundabad. In the movie the Battle of Azanulbizar appears in a flashback, Thror is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog. Thorin fights with Azog and mortally wounds him. During the events of the Hobbit Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds but actually survived.

:In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for using the [[Common Speech]]. He also lacks the iron armor and iron-clad head he featured in the books, instead being bare-chested at all times.

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Azog|Images of Azog]]

{{References}}
[[Category:Orcs]]
[[Category:Black Speech words]]
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[de:Azog]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]
[[fi:Azog]]

Azog

2013-05-02T12:38:43Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in Adaptations */

{{orc infobox
|image=[[File:Pascal Yung - Azog.jpg|250px]]
|name=Azog
|othernames=
|birth=
|death={{TA|2799}}
|race=[[Orcs|Orc]]
|gender=Male
|height=
|hair=
|eyes=
}}
'''Azog''' was an [[Orcs|Orc]]-chieftain of [[Moria]], who started the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] when he slew [[Thrór]]. He was himself slain by [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] in the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]], and was succeeded by his son [[Bolg]].<ref>{{H|1}}</ref><ref>{{H|17}}</ref><ref>{{App|A3}}</ref>{{Pronounce|Azog.mp3|Ardamir}}

==History==
Of Azog's origins we know little; he was the chief of the [[Orcs]] of [[Moria]], and apparently the most important [[Orcs|Orc]] of the northern lands. The average lifespan of an Orc is unknown, but it is conceivable that he was one of those sent to [[Moria]] by [[Sauron]] in about {{TA|2480}}. He had one son that we know of, [[Bolg]], who succeeded him after his death.

Azog entered history in the year {{TA|2790}} due to King [[Thrór]]'s desire to revisit and perhaps refound the lost realm of [[Khazad-dûm]], in whose mighty ruins Azog dwelt. Azog captured and slew [[Thrór]], and branded his hewn head with his own name, "AZOG". He flung the head at Nár, then a money purse containing "few coins of little worth", warning that he would tolerate no future Dwarf beggars entering his domain at Moria.

When news of this reached [[Thrór]]'s heir [[Thráin II|Thráin]], he was greatly angered, and mustered a force of [[Dwarves]] to seek revenge on Azog. So began the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]]: the [[Dwarves]] hunted Azog, and many battles were fought beneath the earth. After nine years of war, the climactic [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] was fought before the gates of [[Moria]] itself.

King [[Thráin II]] and his son [[Thorin|Thorin]] were in that battle (it was here that Thorin gained the surname ''[[Oakenshield]]''). Near the end of the battle, Azog himself emerged and fought with Thráin's cousin [[Náin son of Grór|Náin]] and, after breaking Náin's neck, his young son [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin]]. Though only 32 years old, Dáin swept the head from Azog's shoulders, and helped to win the day. Azog's head was impaled on a spike, with the same coin-filled purse stuffed in his mouth that he had flung at Nár after he killed Thrór nine years before.

The [[Dwarves]] made no attempt to press their advantage, though, because [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin]] had glimpsed [[Durin's Bane]] during his battle, and warned the [[Dwarves]] not to attempt to enter [[Moria]]. Azog's underground dominions in the north, though greatly reduced in the War, fell to his son [[Bolg]], who held them for more than 150 years until he too met his end at the [[Battle of Five Armies]].

==Etymology==
The meaning and origin of the name ''Azog'' is unknown. It is most likely a name in the [[Black Speech]] (e.g., the similarity between ''azog'' and ''[[nazg]]''), though [[Mágol]] may also be a possibility.<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 787, note 38</ref>
==Portrayal in Adaptations==
'''2012-13: [[The Hobbit films|''The Hobbit'' films]]:'''
: Azog is played by [[Manu Bennett]]. He is a white-skinned Orc, known as the Pale Orc. According to Balin he is from Mount Gundabad. In the movie the Battle of Azanulbizar appears in a flashback, Thror is still alive at this time and is beheaded by Azog. Thorin fights with Azog and mortally wounds him. During the events of the Hobbit Thorin believes Azog to have died from his wounds but actually survived.

:In the films, Azog speaks exclusively in [[Orkish]], whereas his literary counterpart was also known for speaking the [[Common Speech]]. He also lacks the iron armor and iron-clad head he was known for wearing in the books, instead being bare-chested at all times.

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Azog|Images of Azog]]

{{References}}
[[Category:Orcs]]
[[Category:Black Speech words]]
[[Category:Pronounced articles]]
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[de:Azog]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/orques/azog]]
[[fi:Azog]]

Bolg

2013-05-02T12:20:32Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in adaptations */

__NOTOC__{{orc infobox
|image=[[File:The Hobbit (film series) - Bolg.jpg|250px]]
|name=Bolg
|othernames="Bolg of the North"<ref name=H17/>
|birth=
|death={{TA|2941}}
|race=[[Orcs]]
|gender=Male
|height=
|hair=
|eyes=
}}
'''Bolg of the North''' was an Orc warlord.
==History==
Bolg was the son of [[Azog]],<ref name=H17>{{H|17}}</ref> who succeeded his father as leader of the northern [[Orcs]] after Azog was killed by [[Dáin Ironfoot]] at the [[Battle of Azanulbizar]] in [[Third Age]] {{TA|2799|n}}.<ref>{{App|Durin}}</ref> This started Bolg's hatred towards the [[Dwarves]] and after the [[Great Goblin]] was killed during an encounter with [[Thorin and Company]] in {{TA|2941}}, his hatred for them grew even more.{{fact}}

Bolg gathered an army of Orcs from the [[Misty Mountains]] to their capital at [[Mount Gundabad]]. They marched eastward through the [[Grey Mountains]] with a host of [[Wargs]] and a cloud of [[bats]] overhead.<ref name=H17/>

Once they reached the [[Lonely Mountain]], Bolg led the Orcs and Wargs into battle with the Dwarves, [[Elves of Mirkwood|Wood-elves]], and [[Lake-men]]. Surrounding him was a group of huge Orcs with steel scimitars.<ref name=H17/> When [[Thorin]] attempted to pierce their ranks he became surrounded, and would later die from the wounds he sustained. The [[Eagles]] arrived and after them came [[Beorn]] in the shape of a bear. Beorn killed Bolg and the Orcs and Wargs were soon defeated.<ref>{{H|18}}</ref>

==Etymology==
There have been several attempts to give a meaning of the name ''Bolg''. One is a regular [[Orkish]] treatment of ''[[Boldog]]'', another a connection to [[Westron]] ''[[Bolger Family#Etymology|bolg]]''.

In ''[[The History of The Hobbit]]'', a word from a little known and little expanded language, ''[[Mágol]]'', is given, ''bolg'', which means "strong". [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] at one time considered making Mágol an Orkish language. An [[wikipedia:Primitive Irish|Ivernian]] word "bolg", of unknown meaning, is also cited by [[John D. Rateliff|Rateliff]].<ref>{{HM|RB}}, p. 710</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''
:Bolg is played by [[Conan Stevens]]. He first makes a brief appearance in ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'', where he is seen fighting against [[Dwalin]] during the flashback to the battle outside Moria, until he is incapacitated and knocked down. But he apparently survives the confrontation, and is expected to play a more prominent role in the following movies.
<ref name="TORNBolg">{{webcite|author=MrCere|articleurl=http://www.theonering.net/torwp/2012/04/22/55228-exclusive-hobbits-conan-stevens-chats-with-torn/|articlename=Exclusive: ‘Hobbit’s’ Conan Stevens chats with TORn|dated=22-April-2012|website=TORN|accessed=05-September-2012}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Bolg|Images of Bolg]]

{{References}}
[[Category:Black Speech words]]
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Orcs]]
[[Category:Orkish words]]
[[de:Bolg]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:orques:bolg]]
[[fi:Bolg]]

The Hobbit (2003 video game)

2013-02-09T05:24:36Z

72.135.202.99:

{{disambig-more|The Hobbit|[[The Hobbit (disambiguation)]]}}{{video game infobox
| image=[[File:The Hobbit (2003) cover.jpg|250px]]
| name=The Hobbit
| developer=[[Inevitable Entertainment]] [[Sierra Entertainment]]
| publisher=[[Vivendi Universal]]
| platform=Playstation 2, GameCube, Microsoft Windows, Xbox
| releasedate=2003
| genre=Platform, Adventure
}}'''''The Hobbit: The Prelude to The Lord of the Rings''''' is a video game published in [[2003]] by [[Vivendi]] and [[Sierra Entertainment]]. It is a platform game set up around the events in ''[[The Hobbit]]''. It is the second interactive adaptation after [[Melbourne House]]'s [[The Hobbit (1982 video game)|1982 version]].

==Voice cast==
{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Role !! Actor
|-
| [[Bilbo Baggins]] || [[Michael Beattie]]
|-
| [[Gandalf|Gandalf the Grey]] || [[Jim Ward]]
|-
| Narrator || [[Tom Kane]]
|-
| [[Smaug]] || [[James Horan]]
|-
| [[Thorin]] || [[Clive Revill]]
|-
| [[Bombur]], [[Gollum]] || [[Daran Norris]]
|}

These six were the only actors whose roles were specified on the game's credits; all others were simply called "Additional voice talent". Some of these can be identified:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Wicked || [[Grey DeLisle]]
|-
| [[Lianna]] || [[Jennifer Hale]]
|-
| [[Kíli]] || [[Alister Duncan]]
|-
| [[Ugslap]], [[Bard]] || [[André Sogliuzzo]]
|-
| [[Sandyman|Carl Sandyman]] || [[James Arnold Taylor]]
|-
| [[Balfor]] || [[Wally Wingert]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Andrew Ableson]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Robin Atkin Downes]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Dee Bradley Baker]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Nathan Carlson]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Cam Clarke]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Kathryn Cressida]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Rob Dean]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Michael Ensign]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Brian George]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Michael Gough]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Candi Milo]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Oliver Muirhead]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Patrick Pinney]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Victor Raider-Wexler]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Joshua Seth]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Jane Singer]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Kath Soucie]]
|-
| Additional voices || [[Steve Staley]]
|}

==Synopsis==
===Levels===
====Dreamworld====
During the dwarves' visit to [[Bag End]], Bilbo falls asleep and dreams he is at the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Bilbo has no health and is invincible in this level; this level is designed to get the player used to the controls.
====An Unexpected Party====
Bilbo is sent to the Green Dragon, but first he must collect provisions for [[Bombur]] and do different jobs for various Hobbits.

====Roast Mutton====
Bilbo is sent to investigate a fire-light. This stage introduces the first enemies: wolves, frog-like creatures and at last, [[William|Bill]], [[Tom]] and [[Bert]]. The last task involves sneaking past the Trolls.
====Troll-hole====
Bilbo must explore the troll cave and find the troll key, needed to open the cave. It is learned that the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]] built many caves in the area (when it was still known as [[Rhudaur]]), and many of his minions still lurk there. He finds [[Lianna]], an Elf of Mirkwood, and a dagger, which he names [[Sting]].
====Over Hill and Under Hill====
After visiting [[Elrond]], [[Thorin and Company]] make for the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]]. Bilbo is sent to find fire-wood, but ends up battling [[wolves]] and other weird creatures, and dodge stone-slinging [[Giants]].
====Riddles in the Dark====
After being caught by goblins, Bilbo is seperated from the rest of the Company. This level introdces [[Goblin-town]] as a Dwarf-mine, complete with lifts and a rollercoaster mine cart track. In this level, Bilbo meets [[Balfor]], a Dwarf of the [[Iron Hills]], and [[Ugslap]], the Goblin guard. The level ends with Bilbo finding the Ring.
:''At this point, an animation starts, depicting the riddle game, followed by a story board telling of Bilbo's reuniting with the Dwarves. A second animation depicts the hiding in the trees and the rescue by the [[Eagles]]. The narrator then summarizes the story from the drop off at the edge of Mirkwood ([[Beorn]] is omitted at this stage) to the capture of the Dwarves by the spiders.''
====Flies and Spiders====
Bilbo is lost and must find his way through a spider infested Mirkwood (in which he has to fight many poisonous spiders, as well as "minions of the [[Necromancer]]"). He meets [[Corwin]], a man of Lake-town, whose camp was attacked. Bilbo can retrieve his brother's ring for him. After that, he must rescue the dwarves from being eaten by the three giant spiders Wrath, Wicked and Wild.
====Barrels Out of Bond====
Bilbo and the dwarves are not safe out of Mirkwood yet. The dwarves are captured by elves and Bilbo must find a way to rescue them as well as a way to escape, while avoiding being seen by elves. This level introduces the extensive use of the [[The One Ring|Ring]]. After entering the halls, Bilbo meets Lianna again, who will help him. Bilbo must find the Dwarves and herbs to drug [[Galion]], and battle the frog-like creatures and more spiders. From conversations Bilbo picks up when passing Elves the [[White Council]] is mentioned: they finally attacked [[Dol Guldur]].
====A Warm Welcome====
Bilbo manages to put the Dwarves in barrels, and escapes to [[Lake-town]]. In Lake-town, [[Bard]] and [[Calamar]], the [[Master of Lake-town]], recruit Bilbo for more burgling and spying. He must stop a crime syndicate of Lake-men and Orcs, who have stolen the [[Black Arrow]]. All Dwarves are scattered around Lake-town, and many of them appear for their first time here.
====Inside Information====
After leaving the Long Lake, Bilbo finds the [[Back Door|secret entrance]]. After nerveracking sneaking, Bilbo manages to steal the Cup of Thrór from right under [[Smaug]]'s nose. Smaug notices and is less than pleased, and Thorin sends Bilbo back to find the dragon's weak spot. After Bilbo shows off to "Smaug the Magnificent" and declares himself "Barrel-rider", Smaug confronts Bilbo, and heads off to Lake-town, where he meets his demise.
With the Dragon gone, Bilbo must find several items - the [[Necklace of Girion]], the spears of [[Bladorthin]], the Ruby of [[Gróin]] and a golden serving dish. After that, he must bridge a chasm by flooding it.
====The Gathering of the Clouds====
In the Lonely Mountain, Thorin has only one task for Bilbo: finding the [[Arkenstone]]. Several [[Runes|rune]]-puzzles require solving before Bilbo has to go to the Treasury, the Forge, the Gear Room and the Water Room. Though there is an entrance to the Old Treasuries, Bilbo cannot go there because it stinks too much of Dragon. After creating a new key, Bilbo finds the Arkenstone. Picking it up ends the level.
:''The narrator introduces the next problem: the Men and Elves. Bilbo sneaks off and gives the Arkenstone to Thranduil and Bard, and for that, he is cursed by Thorin. When [[Dáin Ironfoot]] arrives, all seems to end in battle. But a flash of lightning marks the return of Gandalf, who informs them of Goblins. ''
====The Clouds Burst====
This level is the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. Bilbo, who stands with Gandalf and Thranduil on [[Ravenhill]], volunteers to bring a message to Bard; he is about to be attacked in the rear. During his trip he must save Corwin, and on Lianna sends him to find Beorn. After a short rampage, Beorn is captured, and Bilbo must free him by kicking over several barrels. After freeing Beorn, the game is finished: Beorn kills Bolg, who sits on a giant warg on an inaccessible dias.
:''After this, the narrator starts the epilogue. Lake-town is rebuilt, Bilbo gets a reward, and walks home with Beorn and Gandalf. Neither the auction of Bag End nor the visit of [[Balin]] are featured.''

=== Original characters ===
*[[Lianna]]: An [[Elves|elf]] of [[Thranduil]]'s Hall in Mirkwood, Bilbo must heal her in the Troll Cave. She eventually helps Bilbo escape from Thranduil's Hall.
*[[Corwin]]: A sad, heartbroken woodsman from Laketown. Bilbo meets him, and he says he is the only survivor of an attack of the spiders on his camp. He helps Bilbo get through an immensely thick web.
*[[Balfor]]: A dwarf of the Iron Hills who has been made a slave of the goblins. They force him to work the dwarf-built mining contraptions. Bilbo rescues him and Balfor tells him how to escape.
*[[Ugslap]]: A Goblin who is the guard of Balfor. After doing some chores for him in the assumption that it will free Balfor, Ugslap betrays Bilbo, which leads to his untimely death.

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images from The Hobbit (2003)|Images from ''The Hobbit'']]
* [[The Hobbit Soundtrack (2003 video game)|The Hobbit Soundtrack]]

{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Adventure games]]
[[Category:GameCube games]]
[[Category:Microsoft Windows games]]
[[Category:PlayStation 2 games]]
[[Category:Vivendi games]]
[[Category:Xbox games]]

Daran Norris

2013-02-01T04:11:35Z

72.135.202.99:

'''Daran Morrison Nordlund''' ([[1 November|November 1]], [[1964]]) is an American comedian, actor and voice actor. He appeared on screen in series as ''[[wikipedia:Veronica Mars|Veronica Mars]]'' and ''[[wikipedia:Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide|Ned's Declassified School Survival Guide]]'', while notable voice roles include Cosmo on ''[[wikipedia:Fairly OddParents|Fairly OddParents]]'' and Dick Daring on ''[[wikipedia:The Replacements (TV series)|The Replacements]]''. He is married to [[Mary Elizabeth McGlynn]].
==Roles==
* [[2003]] - [[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]] - [[Gollum]], [[Bombur]], additional voices
* [[2002]] - [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'' (video game)]] - [[Aragorn]], [[Tom Bombadil]]

==External links==
* {{WP|Daran Norris}}
* [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0358460/ Daran Norris] at [http://www.imdb.com/ IMDb]
* [http://voicechasers.com/database/showactor.php?actorid=1899 Daran Norris] at [http://voicechasers.com/ VoiceChasers]

[[Category:Actors and actresses|Norris, Daran]]
[[Category:American people|Norris, Daran]]
[[Category:People by name|Norris, Daran]]

Bombur

2013-01-20T02:13:04Z

72.135.202.99: /* Games */ He's not credited for the role, but it certainly sounds like him.

{{dwarves infobox
| image=[[File:Suzy Almblade - A Heavy Load.jpg|250px]]
| name=Bombur
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Thorin's Halls]] [[Lonely Mountain]]
| affiliation=[[Thorin and Company]]
| language=[[Khuzdul]] and [[Westron]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=[[Bofur]]
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=Pale green hood
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Bombur''' was one of the [[Dwarves]] of [[Thorin and Company|Thorin's company]] who journeyed to [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]] to challenge the [[Dragons|dragon]] [[Smaug]]. Bombur's distinguishing characteristic was his size for he was the fattest of the thirteen Dwarves.<ref name="Party">{{H|Party}}</ref> After the death of Smaug, Bombur lived at the Lonely Mountain.<ref name="Meetings">{{FR|II1}}</ref>

==History==
Bombur's parentage is unknown; the only familial connections mentioned are his brother [[Bofur]] and his cousin [[Bifur]].<ref name="Flies">{{H|Flies}}</ref> Bombur was not of Durin's line although he was descended from Dwarves of [[Moria]].<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref> His birth year is also unknown. However, from [[Bilbo Baggins]]' account of the quest to Erebor it is known that the brothers [[Fíli]] and [[Kíli]] were the youngest of the thirteen "by some fifty years"<ref name="Hill">{{H|Hill}}</ref> and that after Thorin had been captured, [[Balin]] was "the eldest left".<ref>{{H|Barrels}}</ref> Since Fíli was born in {{TA|2859}} and Balin was born in {{TA|2763|n}},<ref name="Durin"/> this would put Bombur's birth between {{TA|2809|n}} and {{TA|2763|n}}, and he would have been between 132 and 178 years old during the quest to Erebor. Prior to the quest Bombur probably lived in the [[Blue Mountains]] with [[Thorin]] after the loss of [[Thráin II]].

===The Quest of Erebor===
In {{TA|2941}},<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref> Bombur was one of the four Dwarves in the fifth group to arrive at [[Bag End]]. When Bilbo jerked open his door the four fell on top of one another, with Thorin on the bottom and fat Bombur on top. Bombur wore a pale green hood and asked for pork-pie and salad for his refreshment. When Thorin later called for music, Bombur played a drum.<ref name="Party"/>

Despite his size, before the Trolls could capture Bombur he fought like mad. Because of the trouble he caused them the Trolls put him near their fire.<ref name="Mutton">{{H|Mutton}}</ref>

Running from the [[Orcs|Goblins]] through their tunnels, Bombur carried Bilbo for part of the way, although he grumbled about it as he staggered with sweat dripping from his nose.<ref>{{H|Hill}}</ref>

In the glade of the [[Wargs]] Bombur shared a pine tree with Bifur, Bofur, and Thorin.<ref name="Pan">{{H|Pan}}</ref>

When [[Gandalf]] was telling the story of the company's adventures to [[Beorn]], Bifur, Bofur, and Bombur were the last of the Dwarves to show up. Gandalf had told Bombur to arrive last and alone because he was the fattest, but the offended Dwarf had refused to wait.<ref name="Queer">{{H|Queer}}</ref>
[[File:Alan Lee - Bombur sleeping.jpg|thumb|right|''Bombur sleeping'' by [[Alan Lee]]]]
Bombur's most notable "adventure" occurred at the [[Enchanted River]]. Beorn had warned them about its water<ref name="Queer"/> and they did try to cross without touching it, but due to the charge of the deer, Bombur fell into the river. The company threw him a rope and he caught it, but upon landing he fell into an enchanted sleep. For six days the company took turns carrying the heavy slumbering Dwarf. When finally awake he had forgotten everything since the quest began and lamented waking up to no food, especially since his dreams had been about a great forest feast. After a day of walking Bombur had had enough and refused to take another step.

It was then that the first of the feasts of the [[Elves of Mirkwood|Elves]] appeared north of the path. Bombur was for rushing to it but was restrained by the caution of the others. When they did attempt to enter the feasts everything vanished and eventually all of the Dwarves except Thorin were captured by the spiders. After the spiders had strung up the Dwarves, Bombur's fatness was again a problem for it attracted the attention of one of the creatures who bit him on the nose. Bombur kicked the spider, who would have killed him had Bilbo not intervened. Despite this activity Bombur was nearly exhausted; when freed he fell off his branch and luckily had his fall cushioned by leaves.<ref name="Flies"/>

After the barrel ride down the [[River Running]] both Bombur was found to be asleep or senseless.<ref>{{H|Welcome}}</ref>

While the rest of the company climbed up to the "doorstep" on the side of the Lonely Mountain, Bombur and Bofur remained in the valley to tend to the ponies. While Bofur was willing to ascend by rope for changes of the guard, Bombur demurred, claiming that he would either grow dizzy or the rope would break.<ref>{{H|Doorstep}}</ref> However, when Smaug came roaring out to scour the mountainside Bombur's reluctance vanished and he was hauled up the cliff.<ref name="Inside">{{H|Inside}}</ref>

Although Bombur supported Thorin's decision to defy the Elves and Men and withstand a siege, he felt it was a "sorry business altogether" and deemed Thorin "ever a dwarf with a stiff neck". Wishing for a strong drink and a soft bed, Bombur was easily convinced when Bilbo offered to take his turn as watchman. Bombur did sleep and thanked Bilbo later when the Hobbit woke him up after midnight.<ref>{{H|Thief}}</ref>

Bombur fought in and survived the [[Battle of Five Armies]]. He was given his share of the treasure by [[Dáin Ironfoot]], and made his home in Erebor.<ref>{{H|Return}}</ref>

===Later life===
At [[Rivendell]] in December, {{TA|3018}}, [[Glóin]] told [[Frodo Baggins]] that Bombur was still alive and living in Erebor. In fact, Bombur appeared to have used some of his wealth to increase his girth – he was unable to move alone from couch to table and required the aid of six young Dwarves to lift him.<ref name="Meetings"/> Given his age and immobility it is doubtful that Bombur fought in the [[Battle of Dale]].

==Etymology==
Bombur, or ''Bumburr'', is a dwarf from the ''[[Völuspá|Dvergatal]]''. His name most likely means "the Swollen One".<ref>Chester Nathan Gould, "Dwarf-Names: A Study in Old Icelandic Religion", published in ''Publications of the Modern Language Association of America'', Vol 44 (1929), issue #4, pp. 939-967</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In one of the early manuscript fragments of ''The Hobbit'', Bombur produced a drum from ''nowhere'',<ref>{{HH|Bladorthin}}, p. 36</ref> whereas in the published text he just produced it ''from the hall''.<ref name="Party"/> [[John Rateliff]] (author of ''[[The History of The Hobbit]]'') said that in the earliest phase Tolkien had added fairy tale touches of Dwarven magic to emphasize the uncanny, other-worldly nature of the Dwarves as opposed to Bilbo's ordinariness.<ref>{{HH|Bladorthin}}, (iii) ''Dwarven Magic'', p. 54</ref>

On the wet night before meeting the Trolls the prepublication version had Bombur and Bofur failing to light a fire and quarrelling about it, with Dori and Nori getting into a fight.<ref>{{HH|Trolls}}, p. 91</ref> In the published version Tolkien added a comment that [[Óin]] and [[Glóin]] were especially good at making a fire, made them the two who could not do it that night, and had them start fighting.<ref name="Mutton"/>

Originally, when Bombur needed propping up in [[Mirkwood]] after being cut from the spiders' webbing, it was ''his cousins'' Bifur and Bofur who provided support.<ref>{{HH|Mirkwood}}, p. 313</ref> In the published story this was changed to Bombur's cousin Bifur and brother Bofur.<ref name="Flies"/> Also, in the earlier version, when [[Smaug]] first came out and the Dwarves in the valley had to be hauled up to the [[Back Door]], Bifur cried out to save Bombur and Bofur, who were both his ''brothers''.<ref>{{HH|Conversations}}</ref> In the published text Bifur cried out for his two ''cousins''.<ref name="Inside"/>

In Tolkien's unfinished [[1960]] rewrite of ''The Hobbit'', Bifur, Bofur and Bombur were Thorin's attendants.<ref>{{HH|5}}, "[[A Well-Planned Party]]", p. 774</ref> [[John D. Rateliff]] assumes this made them either courtiers or honor-guard.<ref>{{HH|5}}, "[[Arrival in Rivendell]]", note 32</ref> Although this relationship did not appear in the published story, it may be noted that Bifur, Bofur, and Bombur arrived at Bag End with Thorin<ref name="Party"/> and the same three Dwarves climbed the same pine tree with Thorin in the glade of the Wargs.<ref name="Pan"/>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
{{Gallery
|title=Bombur in adaptations
|width=165
|height=140
|lines=1
|File:The Hobbit (film series) - Bombur.jpg|Bombur in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]
}}
===Films===
'''1966: [[The Hobbit (1966 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1966 film)]]:'''
:Bombur is omitted. [[Thorin Oakenshield]] only travels with an unnamed guard and the princess of Dale.<ref name="Deitch">{{webcite|articleurl=http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=UBnVL1Y2src|articlename=The Hobbit.mp4|dated=5 January 2012|website=YouTube|accessed=10 January 2012}}</ref>

'''1977: [[The Hobbit (1977 film)|''The Hobbit'' (1977 film)]]:'''
:Bombur is played by [[Paul Frees]].

'''2012-14: [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' (film series)]]:'''
:Bombur is played by [[Stephen Hunter]].<ref name="PJCasting">{{webcite|author=[[Peter Jackson]]|articleurl=http://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150168211921558|articlename=Production begins in New Zealand on The Hobbit|dated=20-March-2011|website=[http://www.facebook.com/ Facebook]|accessed=23-Dec-2011}}</ref> A description of Bombur in ''The Hobbit'' films was released by the studio:

:{{Blockquote|Brother to Bofur and cousin to Bifur, Bombur is the chief cook amongst The Company of Dwarves. His immense size and voracious appetite causes frequent problems – and laughter – for himself and The Travelling Party. Despite his size he can be surprisingly effective as a fighter – and woe betide anyone who makes him late for dinner!|[[Warner Bros.]]<ref name="HobbitApp">{{webcite|author=[[Warner Bros.]]|articleurl=http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/hobbit-movies/id545808528|articlename=Hobbit Movies|dated=7-September-2012|website=[http://itunes.apple.com/ Apple iPhone/iPad App]|accessed=19-September-2012}}</ref>}}

===Radio series===
'''1968: [[The Hobbit (1968 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1968 radio series)]]:'''
:Bombur is played by [[Duncan McIntyre]].

'''1979: [[The Hobbit (1979 radio series)|''The Hobbit'' (1979 radio series)]]:'''
:No actor is specified for the role of Bombur.

===Games===
'''1982: [[The Hobbit (1982 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (1982 video game)]]:'''
:Bombur is omitted; Thorin is the only companion of the player, [[Bilbo Baggins]].<ref>''[http://www.worldofspectrum.org/showmag.cgi?mag=ZXComputing/Issue8304/Pages/ZXComputing830400076.jpg ZX Computing]'', 8304 (April/May 1983), p. 76, accessed [[24 April|April 24]] [[2011]]</ref>

'''2003: [[The Hobbit (2003 video game)|''The Hobbit'' (2003 video game)]]:'''
:Bombur is voiced by an uncredited [[Daran Norris]].

{{References}}
{{Thorin and Company}}
[[Category:Characters in The Hobbit]]
[[Category:Dwarves]]

[[de:Bombur]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:nains:3a:bombur]]
[[fi:Bombur]]

Gongs

2012-12-20T13:49:53Z

72.135.202.99:

{{rewrite}}{{sources}}'''Gongs''' are evil beings that appear in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the earliest version of what would become ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. In his commentary, [[Christopher Tolkien]] remarks that they are obscurely related to [[Orcs]], perhaps as a sub-race of the species. There are no references to Gongs in [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s later legendarium and the author appears to have abandoned the concept.

The [[Gnomish]] word ''sithagong'' is glossed as "dragonfly" (''sitha'' being the word for [[flies|fly]]).<ref>{{PE|11}}, p. 68</ref>
{{references}}

{{Legend}}
[[Category:Gnomish nouns]]
[[Category:Non-canon]]
[[Category:Other races]]

Gongs

2012-12-20T13:49:28Z

72.135.202.99:

{{rewrite}}{{sources}}'''Gongs''' are evil beings that appear in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the earliest version of what would become ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. In his commentary, [[Christopher Tolkien]] remarks that they are obscurely related to [[Orcs]], perhaps as a sub-race of the species. There are no references to Gongs in [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s later legendarium and the author appears to have abandoned the concept.

The [[Gnomish]] word ''sithagong'' is glossed as "dragonfly" (''sitha'' being the word for [[flies|fly]]).<ref>{{PE|11}}, p. 68</ref>
{{references}}

{{Legendary Races of Arda}}
[[Category:Gnomish nouns]]
[[Category:Non-canon]]
[[Category:Other races]]

Template:Legend

2012-12-20T13:48:52Z

72.135.202.99: Added the Gongs to this Template, for reasons similar to the Giants and Ogres.

{|style="margin: 0 auto;" class="toccolours" align="center"
|align="center" colspan="2" style="background: #CCCCFF;"|'''Legendary [[:Category:Races|Races]] of [[Arda]]'''
|-
!style="font-size: 90%;" align="right" style="background: #F2F2FF;"| Animals:
|style="font-size: 90%;"| [[Dumbledors]] · [[Gorcrows]] · [[Hummerhorns]] · [[Pards]] · [[Swans of Gorbelgod]] · [[Turtle-fish]]
|-
!style="font-size: 90%;" align="right" style="background: #F2F2FF;"|Dragon-kind:
|style="font-size: 90%;"| [[Great glow-worms]] · [[Sea-serpents]] · [[Spark-dragons]] · [[Were-worms]]
|-
!style="font-size: 90%;" align="right" style="background: #F2F2FF;"|Evil Races:
|style="font-size: 90%;"| [[Giants]] · [[Gongs]] · [[Half-trolls]] · [[Hobgoblins]] · [[Ogres]] · [[Snow-trolls]] · [[Troll-men]] · [[Two-headed Trolls]]
|-
!style="font-size: 90%;" align="right" style="background: #F2F2FF;"|[[Fairies]]:
|style="font-size: 90%;"| [[Badger-folk]] · [[Dryads]] · [[Mermaids]] · [[Sprites]] · [[Sylphs]] · [[White cow]]
|-
!style="font-size: 90%;" align="right" style="background: #F2F2FF;"|Other:
|style="font-size: 90%;"| [[Great beasts]] · [[Lintips]] · [[Mewlips]] · [[Nameless Things]] · [[Spectres]]
|-
!style="font-size: 90%;" align="right" style="background: #F2F2FF;"|Individuals:
|style="font-size: 90%;"| [[Lonely Troll]] · [[Man in the Moon]] · [[Tim]]
|-
|}<noinclude>
==Usage==
<pre>
{{Legend}}
</pre>

[[Category:Peoples and races templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude>

Ungoliant

2012-11-13T14:02:40Z

72.135.202.99: /* Other version of the legendarium */

{{cleanup}}{{sources}}
{{evil infobox
| image=[[file:Guy Gondron - Morgoth and Ungoliant.jpg|250px]]
| name=Ungoliant
| othernames= Gloomweaver, Delduthling
| created=
| years=
| age=
| destroyed=
| realm= [[Avathar]] ([[Year of the Trees]]); [[Nan Dungortheb]] (early [[First Age]])
| gender=Female
| race= [[Maiar]]
| appearance=Like a large spider
| accomplishments=Destruction of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]]
}}
'''Ungoliant''' was an evil spirit in a form that greatly resembled a massive [[spider]] who dwelt in [[Avathar]] prior to the [[First Age]].

==History==
It is thought that she may have been one of the [[Maiar]] whom [[Morgoth|Melkor]] corrupted long ago, but she is not listed among the [[Ainur]]. It is also said, arguably separately, that she came from the darkness above the skies of Arda, and this reference has led some to believe she may be an incarnation of darkness or emptiness itself, as this seems very consistent with the rest of her character.

Ungoliant aided [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in his attack on the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; she drained the Trees of their sap and poisoned them after Melkor wounded them, and she drained dry the Wells of [[Varda]], so that nothing remained of the Light that was before Sun or Moon, except in the [[Silmarils]] of [[Fëanor]]. She and Melkor fled to [[Middle-earth]] to escape justice at the hands of the [[Valar]].

[[File:John Howe - The Killing of the Trees.jpg|thumb|left|''Ungoliant aids [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in the darkening
of [[Valinor]]'']]

Melkor had promised to reward her, "Yea, with both hands", and after their flight from [[Valinor]], the Dark Lord indeed gave her many gems of the [[Noldor|Ñoldor]], but withheld the Silmarils in his right hand. He refused to give them to the Great Spider to be devoured, for he desired them greatly, and Ungoliant would have slain Melkor in the ensuing battle had not the [[Balrogs]] come and saved their master, causing Ungoliant to flee to the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] in [[Beleriand]].

While there, she had many offspring, including [[Shelob]], as well as various other creatures infesting the Ered Gorgoroth, which came to be a place of horror. The dates of her existence are not precisely known; in ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Quenta Silmarillion]], Chapter 9, ''Of the Flight of the Noldor'', we are told that she "went whither she would into the forgotten south of the world" shortly before the [[First Age]], and that "some have said that she ended long ago, when in her uttermost famine she devoured herself at last." In contrast, a rough sketch of [[Eärendil]]'s voyages by Tolkien suggests that he slew Ungoliant in the south.

==Etymology==
The name is pronounced {{IPA|[uŋˈɡoljant]}}. In the form ''Ungoliant'' the name is technically [[Sindarin]], but is a direct loan from [[Quenya]] '''Ungweliantë''' (''[[ungwë]]'' + ''[[liantë]]'': "dark spider"; pron. {{IPA|[uŋʷˌɡʷeliˈante]}}); the strictly Sindarin form being '''Delduthling''' "dark terror spider."

She is also called "gloomweaver," '''Virilomë''' {{IPA|[ˌviriˈlome]}}) ('''Wirilomë''' in [[Vanyarin]]) which becomes '''Gwerlum''' ({{IPA|[ɡʷerlum]}}) in Sindarin.

==Other version of the legendarium==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', Ungoliant's history is even more mysterious then what is implied in the published edition of ''The Silmarillion''. Here, even the Valar did not know of her origins, and she was portrayed as a primeval spirit of night, and believed to be a creature bred of the darkness of the Void.

Also, Melkor and his companions encounter Ungoliant in her lair (here, known as Arvalin) by coincidence while fleeing from the Valar.

Melkor and Ungoliant are shown to be on much friendlier terms with each other than what is shown in later version of ''The Silmarillion'', as Melkor willingly offers the jewels that were stolen from the Elves, apart from the Silmarils (the Theft of the Silmarils ocurring ''before'' the Darkening of Valinor, in this version).

After the Darkening of Valinor, instead of fleeing with Melkor, Ungoliant immediately flees southwards towards her lair, and successfully eludes the Valar.

[[Category:Spiders]]
[[Category:Spirits]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Ungoliant]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/araignees/ungoliant]]
[[fi:Ungoliant]]

Ungoliant

2012-11-13T14:00:22Z

72.135.202.99: /* Other version of the legendarium */

{{cleanup}}{{sources}}
{{evil infobox
| image=[[file:Guy Gondron - Morgoth and Ungoliant.jpg|250px]]
| name=Ungoliant
| othernames= Gloomweaver, Delduthling
| created=
| years=
| age=
| destroyed=
| realm= [[Avathar]] ([[Year of the Trees]]); [[Nan Dungortheb]] (early [[First Age]])
| gender=Female
| race= [[Maiar]]
| appearance=Like a large spider
| accomplishments=Destruction of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]]
}}
'''Ungoliant''' was an evil spirit in a form that greatly resembled a massive [[spider]] who dwelt in [[Avathar]] prior to the [[First Age]].

==History==
It is thought that she may have been one of the [[Maiar]] whom [[Morgoth|Melkor]] corrupted long ago, but she is not listed among the [[Ainur]]. It is also said, arguably separately, that she came from the darkness above the skies of Arda, and this reference has led some to believe she may be an incarnation of darkness or emptiness itself, as this seems very consistent with the rest of her character.

Ungoliant aided [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in his attack on the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; she drained the Trees of their sap and poisoned them after Melkor wounded them, and she drained dry the Wells of [[Varda]], so that nothing remained of the Light that was before Sun or Moon, except in the [[Silmarils]] of [[Fëanor]]. She and Melkor fled to [[Middle-earth]] to escape justice at the hands of the [[Valar]].

[[File:John Howe - The Killing of the Trees.jpg|thumb|left|''Ungoliant aids [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in the darkening
of [[Valinor]]'']]

Melkor had promised to reward her, "Yea, with both hands", and after their flight from [[Valinor]], the Dark Lord indeed gave her many gems of the [[Noldor|Ñoldor]], but withheld the Silmarils in his right hand. He refused to give them to the Great Spider to be devoured, for he desired them greatly, and Ungoliant would have slain Melkor in the ensuing battle had not the [[Balrogs]] come and saved their master, causing Ungoliant to flee to the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] in [[Beleriand]].

While there, she had many offspring, including [[Shelob]], as well as various other creatures infesting the Ered Gorgoroth, which came to be a place of horror. The dates of her existence are not precisely known; in ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Quenta Silmarillion]], Chapter 9, ''Of the Flight of the Noldor'', we are told that she "went whither she would into the forgotten south of the world" shortly before the [[First Age]], and that "some have said that she ended long ago, when in her uttermost famine she devoured herself at last." In contrast, a rough sketch of [[Eärendil]]'s voyages by Tolkien suggests that he slew Ungoliant in the south.

==Etymology==
The name is pronounced {{IPA|[uŋˈɡoljant]}}. In the form ''Ungoliant'' the name is technically [[Sindarin]], but is a direct loan from [[Quenya]] '''Ungweliantë''' (''[[ungwë]]'' + ''[[liantë]]'': "dark spider"; pron. {{IPA|[uŋʷˌɡʷeliˈante]}}); the strictly Sindarin form being '''Delduthling''' "dark terror spider."

She is also called "gloomweaver," '''Virilomë''' {{IPA|[ˌviriˈlome]}}) ('''Wirilomë''' in [[Vanyarin]]) which becomes '''Gwerlum''' ({{IPA|[ɡʷerlum]}}) in Sindarin.

==Other version of the legendarium==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', Ungoliant's history is even more mysterious then what is implied in the published edition of ''The Silmarillion''. Here, even the Valar did not know of her origins, and she was portrayed as a primeval spirit of darkness, and believed to be a creature bred of the darkness of the Void.

Also, Melkor and his companions encounter Ungoliant in her lair (here, known as Arvalin) by coincidence while fleeing from the Valar.

Melkor and Ungoliant are shown to be on much friendlier terms with each other than what is shown in later version of ''The Silmarillion'', as Melkor willingly offers the jewels that were stolen from the Elves, apart from the Silmarils (the Theft of the Silmarils ocurring ''before'' the Darkening of Valinor, in this version).

After the Darkening of Valinor, instead of fleeing with Melkor, Ungoliant flees southwards immediately, and successfully eludes the Valar.
[[Category:Spiders]]
[[Category:Spirits]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Ungoliant]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/araignees/ungoliant]]
[[fi:Ungoliant]]

Ungoliant

2012-11-09T14:02:16Z

72.135.202.99:

{{cleanup}}{{sources}}
{{evil infobox
| image=[[file:Guy Gondron - Morgoth and Ungoliant.jpg|250px]]
| name=Ungoliant
| othernames= Gloomweaver, Delduthling
| created=
| years=
| age=
| destroyed=
| realm= [[Avathar]] ([[Year of the Trees]]); [[Nan Dungortheb]] (early [[First Age]])
| gender=Female
| race= [[Maiar]]
| appearance=Like a large spider
| accomplishments=Destruction of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]]
}}
'''Ungoliant''' was an evil spirit in a form that greatly resembled a massive [[spider]] who dwelt in [[Avathar]] prior to the [[First Age]].

==History==
It is thought that she may have been one of the [[Maiar]] whom [[Morgoth|Melkor]] corrupted long ago, but she is not listed among the [[Ainur]]. It is also said, arguably separately, that she came from the darkness above the skies of Arda, and this reference has led some to believe she may be an incarnation of darkness or emptiness itself, as this seems very consistent with the rest of her character.

Ungoliant aided [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in his attack on the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; she drained the Trees of their sap and poisoned them after Melkor wounded them, and she drained dry the Wells of [[Varda]], so that nothing remained of the Light that was before Sun or Moon, except in the [[Silmarils]] of [[Fëanor]]. She and Melkor fled to [[Middle-earth]] to escape justice at the hands of the [[Valar]].

[[File:John Howe - The Killing of the Trees.jpg|thumb|left|''Ungoliant aids [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in the darkening
of [[Valinor]]'']]

Melkor had promised to reward her, "Yea, with both hands", and after their flight from [[Valinor]], the Dark Lord indeed gave her many gems of the [[Noldor|Ñoldor]], but withheld the Silmarils in his right hand. He refused to give them to the Great Spider to be devoured, for he desired them greatly, and Ungoliant would have slain Melkor in the ensuing battle had not the [[Balrogs]] come and saved their master, causing Ungoliant to flee to the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] in [[Beleriand]].

While there, she had many offspring, including [[Shelob]], as well as various other creatures infesting the Ered Gorgoroth, which came to be a place of horror. The dates of her existence are not precisely known; in ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Quenta Silmarillion]], Chapter 9, ''Of the Flight of the Noldor'', we are told that she "went whither she would into the forgotten south of the world" shortly before the [[First Age]], and that "some have said that she ended long ago, when in her uttermost famine she devoured herself at last." In contrast, a rough sketch of [[Eärendil]]'s voyages by Tolkien suggests that he slew Ungoliant in the south.

==Etymology==
The name is pronounced {{IPA|[uŋˈɡoljant]}}. In the form ''Ungoliant'' the name is technically [[Sindarin]], but is a direct loan from [[Quenya]] '''Ungweliantë''' (''[[ungwë]]'' + ''[[liantë]]'': "dark spider"; pron. {{IPA|[uŋʷˌɡʷeliˈante]}}); the strictly Sindarin form being '''Delduthling''' "dark terror spider."

She is also called "gloomweaver," '''Virilomë''' {{IPA|[ˌviriˈlome]}}) ('''Wirilomë''' in [[Vanyarin]]) which becomes '''Gwerlum''' ({{IPA|[ɡʷerlum]}}) in Sindarin.

==Other version of the legendarium==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', Ungoliant's history is even more mysterious then what is implied in the published edition of ''The Silmarillion''. Here, even the Valar did not know of her origins, and she was believed to be a creature bred of the darkness of the Void.

Also, Melkor and his companions encounter Ungoliant in her lair (here, known as Arvalin) by coincidence while fleeing from the Valar.

Melkor and Ungoliant are shown to be on much friendlier terms with each other than what is shown in later version of ''The Silmarillion'', as Melkor willingly offers the jewels that were stolen from the Elves, apart from the Silmarils (the Theft of the Silmarils ocurring ''before'' the Darkening of Valinor, in this version).

After the Darkening of Valinor, instead of fleeing with Melkor, Ungoliant flees southwards immediately, and successfully eludes the Valar.
[[Category:Spiders]]
[[Category:Spirits]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Ungoliant]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/araignees/ungoliant]]
[[fi:Ungoliant]]

Avathar

2012-11-09T13:52:06Z

72.135.202.99: /* Other versions of the legendarium */

'''Avathar''' or '''Avaþar''' ([[Vanyarin]] [[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈaβaθar]}}) was the dark strip of land at the feet of the southern [[Pelóri|Pelóri Mountains]] in [[Aman]]. It was the home of [[Ungoliant]] before she went to [[Middle-earth]] with [[Morgoth|Melkor]].<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The name "Avathar" has conflicting translations. In "The Later [[Quenta Silmarillion]]" section of ''[[Morgoth's Ring]]'', [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] translates Avathar as "The Shadows" in "ancient" [[Quenya]]<ref>{{MR|P3II7}}, p. 284</ref> (this translation also appears in ''[[The Silmarillion]]''<ref>{{S|Index}}, ''Avathar''</ref>). However, in the "[[Quendi and Eldar]]" section of ''[[The War of the Jewels]]'', Tolkien states that Avathar has no [[Elvish]] translation, meaning that it must have been adapted from its [[Valarin]] name<ref>{{WJ|AD1}}, p. 404</ref> (however, in the Index to this book it still says "The Shadows" in a short description<ref>{{WJ|Index}}</ref>).

In the Quenya of the [[Noldor]], the name must have become '''Avasar''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈavasar]}}) because of the loss of ''þ/th'' in Noldorin Quenya.{{fact}}

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In early versions of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', such as ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the region of Aman where Ungoliant dwelt prior to the Darkening of Valinor was referred to as ''Arvalin''.{{fact}}

==See also==
*[[Sindanórie]]

{{References}}
[[Category:Aman]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]

[[de:Avathar]]
[[fi:Avathar]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/aman/avathar]]

Ungoliant

2012-10-09T12:55:15Z

72.135.202.99:

{{cleanup}}{{sources}}
{{evil infobox
| image=[[file:Guy Gondron - Morgoth and Ungoliant.jpg|250px]]
| name=Ungoliant
| othernames= Gloomweaver, Delduthling
| created=
| years=
| age=
| destroyed=
| realm= [[Avathar]] ([[Year of the Trees]]); [[Nan Dungortheb]] (early [[First Age]])
| gender=Female
| race= [[Maiar]]
| appearance=Like a large spider
| accomplishments=Destruction of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]]
}}
'''Ungoliant''' was an evil spirit in a form that greatly resembled a massive [[spider]] who dwelt in [[Avathar]] prior to the [[First Age]].

==History==
It is thought that she may have been one of the [[Maiar]] whom [[Morgoth|Melkor]] corrupted long ago, but she is not listed among the [[Ainur]]. It is also said, arguably separately, that she came from the darkness above the skies of Arda, and this reference has led some to believe she may be an incarnation of darkness or emptiness itself, as this seems very consistent with the rest of her character.

Ungoliant aided [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in his attack on the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; she drained the Trees of their sap and poisoned them after Melkor wounded them, and she drained dry the Wells of [[Varda]], so that nothing remained of the Light that was before Sun or Moon, except in the [[Silmarils]] of [[Fëanor]]. She and Melkor fled to [[Middle-earth]] to escape justice at the hands of the [[Valar]].

[[File:John Howe - The Killing of the Trees.jpg|thumb|left|''Ungoliant aids [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in the darkening
of [[Valinor]]'']]

Melkor had promised to reward her, "Yea, with both hands", and after their flight from [[Valinor]], the Dark Lord indeed gave her many gems of the [[Noldor|Ñoldor]], but withheld the Silmarils in his right hand. He refused to give them to the Great Spider to be devoured, for he desired them greatly, and Ungoliant would have slain Melkor in the ensuing battle had not the [[Balrogs]] come and saved their master, causing Ungoliant to flee to the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] in [[Beleriand]].

While there, she had many offspring, including [[Shelob]], as well as various other creatures infesting the Ered Gorgoroth, which came to be a place of horror. The dates of her existence are not precisely known; in ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Quenta Silmarillion]], Chapter 9, ''Of the Flight of the Noldor'', we are told that she "went whither she would into the forgotten south of the world" shortly before the [[First Age]], and that "some have said that she ended long ago, when in her uttermost famine she devoured herself at last." In contrast, a rough sketch of [[Eärendil]]'s voyages by Tolkien suggests that he slew Ungoliant in the south.

==Etymology==
The name is pronounced {{IPA|[uŋˈɡoljant]}}. In the form ''Ungoliant'' the name is technically [[Sindarin]], but is a direct loan from [[Quenya]] '''Ungweliantë''' (''[[ungwë]]'' + ''[[liantë]]'': "dark spider"; pron. {{IPA|[uŋʷˌɡʷeliˈante]}}); the strictly Sindarin form being '''Delduthling''' "dark terror spider."

She is also called "gloomweaver," '''Virilomë''' {{IPA|[ˌviriˈlome]}}) ('''Wirilomë''' in [[Vanyarin]]) which becomes '''Gwerlum''' ({{IPA|[ɡʷerlum]}}) in Sindarin.
[[Category:Spiders]]
[[Category:Spirits]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Ungoliant]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/araignees/ungoliant]]
[[fi:Ungoliant]]

Ungoliant

2012-10-09T12:54:44Z

72.135.202.99:

{{cleanup}}{{sources}}
{{evil infobox
| image=[[file:Guy Gondron - Morgoth and Ungoliant.jpg|250px]]
| name=Ungoliant
| othernames= Gloomweaver, Delduthling
| created=
| years=
| age=
| destroyed=
| realm= [[Avathar]] ([[Year of the Trees]]; [[Nan Dungortheb]] (early [[First Age]])
| gender=Female
| race= [[Maiar]]
| appearance=Like a large spider
| accomplishments=Destruction of the [[Two Trees of Valinor|Two Trees]]
}}
'''Ungoliant''' was an evil spirit in a form that greatly resembled a massive [[spider]] who dwelt in [[Avathar]] prior to the [[First Age]].

==History==
It is thought that she may have been one of the [[Maiar]] whom [[Morgoth|Melkor]] corrupted long ago, but she is not listed among the [[Ainur]]. It is also said, arguably separately, that she came from the darkness above the skies of Arda, and this reference has led some to believe she may be an incarnation of darkness or emptiness itself, as this seems very consistent with the rest of her character.

Ungoliant aided [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in his attack on the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]; she drained the Trees of their sap and poisoned them after Melkor wounded them, and she drained dry the Wells of [[Varda]], so that nothing remained of the Light that was before Sun or Moon, except in the [[Silmarils]] of [[Fëanor]]. She and Melkor fled to [[Middle-earth]] to escape justice at the hands of the [[Valar]].

[[File:John Howe - The Killing of the Trees.jpg|thumb|left|''Ungoliant aids [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in the darkening
of [[Valinor]]'']]

Melkor had promised to reward her, "Yea, with both hands", and after their flight from [[Valinor]], the Dark Lord indeed gave her many gems of the [[Noldor|Ñoldor]], but withheld the Silmarils in his right hand. He refused to give them to the Great Spider to be devoured, for he desired them greatly, and Ungoliant would have slain Melkor in the ensuing battle had not the [[Balrogs]] come and saved their master, causing Ungoliant to flee to the [[Ered Gorgoroth]] in [[Beleriand]].

While there, she had many offspring, including [[Shelob]], as well as various other creatures infesting the Ered Gorgoroth, which came to be a place of horror. The dates of her existence are not precisely known; in ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Quenta Silmarillion]], Chapter 9, ''Of the Flight of the Noldor'', we are told that she "went whither she would into the forgotten south of the world" shortly before the [[First Age]], and that "some have said that she ended long ago, when in her uttermost famine she devoured herself at last." In contrast, a rough sketch of [[Eärendil]]'s voyages by Tolkien suggests that he slew Ungoliant in the south.

==Etymology==
The name is pronounced {{IPA|[uŋˈɡoljant]}}. In the form ''Ungoliant'' the name is technically [[Sindarin]], but is a direct loan from [[Quenya]] '''Ungweliantë''' (''[[ungwë]]'' + ''[[liantë]]'': "dark spider"; pron. {{IPA|[uŋʷˌɡʷeliˈante]}}); the strictly Sindarin form being '''Delduthling''' "dark terror spider."

She is also called "gloomweaver," '''Virilomë''' {{IPA|[ˌviriˈlome]}}) ('''Wirilomë''' in [[Vanyarin]]) which becomes '''Gwerlum''' ({{IPA|[ɡʷerlum]}}) in Sindarin.
[[Category:Spiders]]
[[Category:Spirits]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Evil]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Ungoliant]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/araignees/ungoliant]]
[[fi:Ungoliant]]

Shelob

2012-10-09T12:50:51Z

72.135.202.99:

{{cleanup}}
{{sources}}
{{evil infobox
| image=[[Image:John Howe - Sam and Shelob.jpg|250px]]
| name=Shelob
| othernames=Her Ladyship
| created=Possibly early in the [[First Age]]
| years=
| age=
| destroyed=Unknown, but presumably during the [[Fourth Age]]
| realm=[[Nan Dungortheb]] ([[First Age]]); [[Cirith Ungol]] ([[Second Age]] onwards)
| parentage=[[Ungoliant]]
| children=[[Spiders]] of [[Mirkwood]]
| gender=Female
| race=[[Spiders|Great Spider]] of [[Maia]] descent
| appearance=As a large spider
| accomplishments=
}}
'''Shelob''' was a female demigoddess descended from the spider-like entity known as [[Ungoliant]], as well as the [[Spiders|Great Spiders]] of the [[Ered Gorgoroth]].{{fact}}

==History==
Shelob was a huge creature in spider form, apparently the spawn of [[Ungoliant]] and some lesser spider of [[Arda]]. She dwelt high in the mountains of [[Mordor]], having established her lair there before [[Sauron]] claimed Mordor as his own. Shelob spent her early days feeding off elves and men, but as elves and men became scarce in the area, she fed upon [[orcs]]. Sauron would sometimes send her captured prisoners for whom he had no further use and amuse himself watching how she played with her prey. Even though they did not communicate, Sauron and Shelob understood each other. Shelob was like a pet to Sauron, and she served as a secure guardian of the pass of [[Cirith Ungol]] to prevent any intruders from entering the dark land.

[[File:Eytan Eylul Guler - Shelob and Sam.jpg|230px|thumb|left|'''Shelob and [[Samwise Gamgee|Sam]]''' by Eytan Eylul Guler.]]Her lair was along the path that [[Samwise Gamgee]] and [[Frodo Baggins]] took while seeking [[Mount Doom]]. Their guide, [[Gollum]] (whom the orcs of the [[Tower of Cirith Ungol]] call "Shelob's Sneak"), had reached some sort of understanding with her, and he led the hobbits directly into her trap.

While put off by the [[Phial of Galadriel]] in the tunnels, she intercepted them again outside and attacked Frodo, stinging him into a death-like coma. Sam managed to defeat her by letting her impale herself upon [[Sting]] when she tried to crush him under her massive body. Wounded, she fled to her lair and was never seen again.

Thinking Frodo dead, Sam took [[the One Ring]] from him and left his body behind, but discovered by listening to a party of Orcs that Shelob's venom was not intended to kill its victims but only to render them unconscious and keep their meat fresh.

==Etymology==
The name ''Shelob'' is derived from "lob", an archaic English word for spider. A variation, "cob" is the derivation of the word "cobweb". The first element, "she", simply mentions the spider's gender.<ref>{{L|70}}</ref>

==Portrayal in Adaptations==
[[Image:Shelob's face.jpg|thumb|right|Shelob's face from [[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]].]]
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'''''

:Shelob can be seen to have a retractable venomous sting at the rear end between the spinnerets, resembling a wasp's sting. This is very much unlike real spiders which inject venom with their fangs but accurate relative to the novel. Shelob also appears to have a gaping mouth, whereas real spiders can ingest only liquid.

:In the book, on the other hand, "clusters" of eyes are mentioned, which may suggest compound eyes like those of insects; the Shelob in the movie does ''not'' have compound eyes, which is appropriate. A hunting spider of the family [[wikipedia:Lycosidae|Lycosidae]],{{fact}} which Shelob most closely resembles, would have two large eyes facing forward, and a few smaller ones almost hidden below. The only spiders that can reasonably be said to have "clustered" eyes (though not true compound eyes) are the daddy long-legs spiders of the family Pholcidae, but Shelob does not resemble these rather spindly and fragile spiders in other aspects of her physique.
{{references}}

==See also==
* [[:Category:Images of Shelob|Images of Shelob]]
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Spirits]]
[[Category:Spiders]]
[[Category:Evil]]

[[de:Kankra]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/animaux/araignees/arachne]]
[[fi:Lukitari]]

Potatoes

2012-10-08T21:35:59Z

72.135.202.99:

{{plants
| image=
| name=Potatoes
| othernames=Taters
| derivation=
| family=Nightshades
| location=[[The Shire]]
| appearance=
| references=
|}}'''Potatoes''' or '''taters''' in [[Hobbitish]], were root vegetables that were apparently among the staple foods of the [[Hobbits]] ([[Hamfast Gamgee]] was recognized locally as an expert on growing potatoes).<ref>{{FR|I1}}</ref> [[Samwise Gamgee]] expected to find them in [[Ithilien]].<ref>{{TT|IV4}}</ref>

==Inspiration==
The existence of potatoes in the ancient European setting of [[Middle-earth]] is problematic since potatoes came from America only in the recent centuries. Tolkien avoided using foreign concepts and terms of English vocabulary such as Native American words. For example [[tomatoes]] were referred in the first edition of ''[[The Hobbit]]'' but removed in the second one.

The term "taters" is perhaps an attempt to 'anglicize' or 'Hobbitize' this word.

Conceivably, the roots named 'potatoes' in [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s work represent some other related root plant, or a crop brought east by the [[Númenóreans]] that later became extinct.
{{References}}
[[Category:Food]]
[[Category:Plants]]

Gongs

2012-10-03T04:35:58Z

72.135.202.99:

{{rewrite}}{{sources}}'''Gongs''' are evil beings that appear in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the earliest version of what would become ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. In his commentary, [[Christopher Tolkien]] remarks that they are obscurely related to [[Orcs]], perhaps as a sub-race of the species. There are no references to Gongs in [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s later legendarium and the author appears to have abandoned the concept.

[[Category:Gnomish nouns]]
[[Category:Non-canon]]
[[Category:Other races]]

Gongs

2012-10-03T04:34:51Z

72.135.202.99:

{{rewrite}}{{sources}}'''Gongs''' are evil beings that appear in ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', the earliest version of what would become ''[[The Silmarillion]]''. In his commentary, [[Christopher Tolkien]] remarks that they are obscurely related to [[Orcs]], perhaps as a sub-race of the species. There are no references to Gongs in [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s later legendarium and the author appears to have abandoned the concept.

[[Category:Gnomish words]]
[[Category:Non-canon]]
[[Category:Other races]]

Sancho Proudfoot

2012-09-21T02:28:25Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in Adaptations */

{{hobbit
| image=[[Image:Sancho Proudfoot.png|250px]]
| name=Sancho Proudfoot
| othernames=
| birth=[[Third Age 2990]]
| death=
| parentage=[[Olo Proudfoot]]
| location=[[the Shire]]
| gender=Male
| hair=
|}}

'''Sancho Proudfoot''' (b. [[Third Age 2990]]<ref name="AppC">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[Appendix C]]'', "Baggins of Hobbiton"</ref>) was a [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] of [[the Shire]].

==History==
At the age of eleven, Sancho was present at the [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|Farewell Party]] of his uncle [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]], along with his father [[Olo Proudfoot|Olo]] and grandfather [[Odo Proudfoot|Odo]].<ref name="AppC"/> The day after, on [[23 September|September 23]], [[Third Age 3001|T.A. 3001]], he went to [[Bag End]] to seek for a treasure he heard rumours about. [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] could just stop him, but not after Sancho had already started excavating the pantry, where he thought he heard an echo.<ref name="Party">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[A Long-expected Party]]"</ref>

==Portrayal in Adaptations==
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:A young Hobbit named Sancho Proudfoot - or, the "dread highwayman Sancho Proudfoot ", as he prefers to call himself - causes quite some mischief in Hobbiton and [[Bywater]]. Several of the early missions the player - as Frodo - has to do involve solving problems caused by Sancho, such as retrieving a metal pin of the [[Old Mill|Hobbiton Mill]] and [[Old Noakes]]' medicinal herbs.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)]]'', levels "Hobbiton" and "Bywater"</ref>

:It should also be noted that Sancho still appears to be a young child, even though the level occurs in the year T.A. 3018. This means that he should be about twenty-eight years old by this point in the timeline.
{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Hobbits]]
[[Category:Proudfoot]]

Sancho Proudfoot

2012-09-21T02:25:27Z

72.135.202.99: /* Portrayal in Adaptations */

{{hobbit
| image=[[Image:Sancho Proudfoot.png|250px]]
| name=Sancho Proudfoot
| othernames=
| birth=[[Third Age 2990]]
| death=
| parentage=[[Olo Proudfoot]]
| location=[[the Shire]]
| gender=Male
| hair=
|}}

'''Sancho Proudfoot''' (b. [[Third Age 2990]]<ref name="AppC">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[Appendix C]]'', "Baggins of Hobbiton"</ref>) was a [[Hobbits|Hobbit]] of [[the Shire]].

==History==
At the age of eleven, Sancho was present at the [[Bilbo's Farewell Party|Farewell Party]] of his uncle [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]], along with his father [[Olo Proudfoot|Olo]] and grandfather [[Odo Proudfoot|Odo]].<ref name="AppC"/> The day after, on [[23 September|September 23]], [[Third Age 3001|T.A. 3001]], he went to [[Bag End]] to seek for a treasure he heard rumours about. [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] could just stop him, but not after Sancho had already started excavating the pantry, where he thought he heard an echo.<ref name="Party">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', "[[A Long-expected Party]]"</ref>

==Portrayal in Adaptations==
'''2002: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)|Vivendi's The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:A young Hobbit named Sancho Proudfoot - or, the "dread highwayman Sancho Proudfoot ", as he prefers to call himself - causes quite some mischief in Hobbiton and [[Bywater]]. Several of the early missions the player - as Frodo - has to do involve solving problems caused by Sancho, such as retrieving a metal pin of the [[Old Mill|Hobbiton Mill]] and [[Old Noakes]]' medicinal herbs.<ref>''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (video game)]]'', levels "Hobbiton" and "Bywater"</ref>

:It should also be noted that Sancho still appears to be a young child, even though the level occurs in the year TA 3018, meaning that he should be roughly twenty-seven years old by this point.
{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Hobbits]]
[[Category:Proudfoot]]

Fankil

2012-09-20T12:57:30Z

72.135.202.99:

{{rewrite}}{{sources}}'''Fankil''', also known as '''Fangli''' and '''Fúkil''', was a servant of [[Morgoth|Melko]], and only appeared in early versions of the [[legendarium]]. He acted as the lieutenant of the Dark Lord, a role that would be taken by [[Sauron]] in the final version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.
[[Category:Non-canon]]
[[Category:Servants of Melkor]]

Úvanimo

2012-09-20T12:55:09Z

72.135.202.99:

__NOTOC__
'''''úvanimo''''', or ''úvano'', means "a [[Monsters|monster]], corrupt or evil creature" in [[Quenya]].<ref name=PE150>{{PE|Eldarin}}, p. 150</ref> The word ''úvanimo'' also appears in the ''[[The Etymologies|Etymologies]]'', given the meaning "monster (creature of [[Morgoth|Melko]])" (wrongly rendered as capitalized "''Úvanimor''" in the published text).<ref name=LR>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 351</ref><ref>{{VT|45a}}, p. 7</ref>

Such creatures that were identified by this term include [[Giants]], [[Ogres]], and [[Gongs]].

==Etymology==
*[[Sundocarme|Root]] [[BAN|BAN[1]]]<ref name=PE150/><ref name=LR/>
==Cognates==
*[[Quenya]]: ''vanima'' ("beautiful")<ref name=PE150/><ref name=LR/>
*[[Noldorin|Exilic Noldorin]]: ''[[úan]]'' ("monster")<ref name=LR/>
{{references}}
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]

Úvanimo

2012-09-20T12:54:11Z

72.135.202.99:

__NOTOC__
'''''úvanimo''''', or ''úvano'', means "a [[Monsters|monster]], corrupt or evil creature" in [[Quenya]].<ref name=PE150>{{PE|Eldarin}}, p. 150</ref> The word ''úvanimo'' also appears in the ''[[The Etymologies|Etymologies]]'', given the meaning "monster (creature of [[Morgoth|Melko]])" (wrongly rendered as capitalized "''Úvanimor''" in the published text).<ref name=LR>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 351</ref><ref>{{VT|45a}}, p. 7</ref>

Such creatures that were identified as ''úvanimo'' include [[Giants]], [[Ogres]], and [[Gongs]].

==Etymology==
*[[Sundocarme|Root]] [[BAN|BAN[1]]]<ref name=PE150/><ref name=LR/>
==Cognates==
*[[Quenya]]: ''vanima'' ("beautiful")<ref name=PE150/><ref name=LR/>
*[[Noldorin|Exilic Noldorin]]: ''[[úan]]'' ("monster")<ref name=LR/>
{{references}}
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]

Orcs

2012-09-18T13:00:55Z

72.135.202.99: /* See also */

{{rewrite}}{{sources}}
{{race
| image=[[Image:John Howe - In Mordor.jpg|250px]]
| name= Orcs
| dominions=[[Mordor]], [[Angband]], [[Misty Mountains]], [[Mount Gundabad]], [[Angmar]], [[Utumno]]
| languages= [[Black Speech]]; numerous [[Orkish]] languages of their own
| height= probably just above 5'{{fact}}
| length=
| skincolor= Sallow, Green, Brown, Grey
| haircolor=
| feathers=
| distinctions= Short, sallow
| lifespan=
| members=[[Othrod]], [[Azog]], [[Bolg]], [[Gorbag]]
|}}
'''Orcs''' (also called '''[[Orcs#Orcs and Goblins|Goblins]]''') were the footsoldiers of evil overlords - [[Morgoth]], [[Sauron]] and the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]].

==History==
===Origins and early Years===

The Orcs were bred by [[Morgoth|Melkor]] in mockery of the [[Elves]], sometime during the [[The Darkness#The Great Darkness|Great Darkness]].<ref>{{S|3}}</ref><ref>{{TT|III4}}</ref>

[[Image:Warren Mahy-Orc Archer.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Orc by [[Warren Mahy]]]]

It is unclear when exactly Orcs were created, but it certainly happened before the [[War for Sake of the Elves]] in his stronghold of Utumno. If the Orcs were at this time a capable fighting force against the host of Valinor is not known. But at least some of them survived this war, probably hidden in the deep vaults of [[Angband]] and multiplied, waiting for their master.

When Melkor (now known as [[Morgoth]]) returned to Middle-earth he created new hordes of Orcs and invaded [[Beleriand]], where the [[First Battle of Beleriand]] took place. Orcs fought also in [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]].

===First Age===
Orcs appear in the [[First Age]] as the core force of [[Morgoth]]. Hundreds of thousands of Orcs were bred in [[Angband]] to participate in the [[Battles of Beleriand]], which lasted 587 years.

Orcs first appear in the [[First Age]] in the [[Battle of the Lammoth]], where they were defeated by [[Fingolfin]] and his [[Noldor]]. Orcs participated in battles such as the [[Dagor Aglareb]], [[Dagor Bragollach]], [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], [[Fall of the Falas]], and finally in the [[War of Wrath]], were they were almost extinguished. Those that survived the defeat fled eastwards and hid probably in the Mountains of [[Angmar]] and the [[Ered Mithrin]].

===Second Age===
At around the year thousand Sauron reappeared, took the land of [[Mordor]] as his realm and started the construction of [[Barad-dûr]]. It is likely that most of his servants were Orcs at this time that he had gathered under his command. Still for a long time Sauron's foul servants did not play an important role, for the Dark Lord had chosen a more subtle way to overthrow the free people by creating the [[Rings of Power]].

During the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]], in [[Second Age 1700|S.A.1700]] Orcs formed the main power of Sauron's host. Despite the immeasurable number of Orcs, Sauron was defeated by the united hosts of Elves and [[Númenóreans]]. Still Sauron was powerful east of the [[Misty Mountains]] and the inlands and the Orcs that inhabited the mountains multiplied.

The [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]] started a war against the [[Dwarves]], resulting in the [[First Sack of Gundabad]] and its occupation by the Orcs. Finally, Orcs were the core force of [[Sauron]] during the [[War of the Last Alliance]], and fought in great battles such as the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and the [[Siege of Barad-dûr]].

===Third Age===
[[File:Richard Sullivan - Orc.jpg|thumb|left|''Orc'' by Richard Sullivan]]
During the [[Third Age]], Orcs were the standard troops of the [[Witch-king]] of [[Angmar]] and [[Sauron]] (both in [[Mordor]] and in [[Dol Guldur]]).

In [[Angmar]], Orcs fought in the [[Angmar War]]. Years later, they invaded [[Eriador]] under the leadership of the [[Necromancer]].

The [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]], one of the few (more or less) independent Orcish societies, and their leader [[Azog]] started out the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]], and after their defeat they retreated in their caves. They appeared again in [[Third Age 2941|T.A. 2941]], when the [[Battle of Five Armies]] took place.

The [[Orcs of Mordor]] fought in major battles during the [[War of the Ring]], such as the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]], but the entire [[Mordor]] force was destroyed in the [[Battle of the Morannon]].

The Orcs in [[Dol Guldur]] remained in [[Mirkwood]] until the [[Fall of Dol Guldur]], one of the last battles of the War of the Ring.

===Fourth Age and beyond===
Although the entire force of [[Sauron]] was destroyed after the [[War of the Ring]], it is assumed that many Orcs continued to live beneath the [[Misty Mountains]] and caused little trouble.{{fact}}

==Characteristics==

===Culture===

It is certain all Orcs were dependent on the Dark Lord in various ways: after their leader was defeated, the Orcs were confused and dismayed, and easily scattered by their enemies. In the millennia after Morgoth's defeat and banishment from Arda, they were without a leader they degenerated to small, quarrelsome tribes hiding in the [[Misty Mountains]]. Only when Sauron returned to power did they begin to reclaim some of their old power. The same happened after Sauron's defeat by the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]: only when Sauron returned as the Necromancer of [[Mirkwood]] did the Orcs become a real danger for Middle-earth again.

It is interesting to note that to an extent, Tolkien did not regard Orcs as evil in their own right, but only as tools of Melkor and Sauron.

===Lifespan===

It is unknown if the Orcs were immortal like the Elves. There is, in any case, a hint for a long livespan in the story of two of the most famous Orc-chieftains: [[Azog]] and [[Bolg]]. Bolg, being the son of Azog, was the chieftain of the Orcs who attacked Erebor in the Battle of Five Armies in {{TA|2941}}. Azog himself was killed in the Battle of Azanulbizar in {{TA|2799}}, so Bolg was aproximately 150 years old.

===Appearance===

In Tolkien's writing, Orcs are described as humanoid, roughly human-sized, ugly and filthy. Although not dim-witted, they are portrayed as dull and miserable beings, who corrupt words and are only able to destroy, not to create. They had sour black blood.{{fact}}

===Kinds of Orcs===

Tolkien loosely implies that there are actually several different breeds of Orcs, not simply in the wide variety in clans, but strains of Orc that were specifically bred for certain tasks.

The Fellowship usually encounters the large soldier-Orcs bred for war, and sometimes the "snaga" variety which were more geared towards being labourers. However, a strong hint at the variety of Orc breeds is when Frodo and Sam are in Mordor, and realize that they are being followed by two Orcs, then hide to observe them. One of the Orcs is a normal soldier-Orc, but the other is described as a "Snuffler", a breed specifically geared towards being a tracker. This tracker-Orc was, compared to the soldier-Orc, physically unimposing, but had vastly overdeveloped sensory organs, particularly a single giant nostril. While physically weak compared to the soldier-Orc, the "snuffler" was able to skilfully kill the soldier-orc when they got into a disagreement.

*[[Snaga]]
*[[Orcs of Mordor]]
*[[Orcs of the Misty Mountains]]
*[[Half-Orcs]] (and [[Goblin-men]])
*[[Uruk-hai]]
*[[Hobgoblins]]

===Orcs and Goblins===

The term ''goblin'' was used primarily in ''[[The Hobbit]]'' but also in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' where it is used synonymously with "Orc".<ref>{{TT|III1}}</ref><ref>{{HM|RC}}, p. 24</ref>

"Goblin" is an English word, whereas "Orcs" is Old English, the language used by Tolkien to represent Rohirric.<ref>{{App|F1iv}}</ref> Thus, there is no difference between Orcs and Goblins.

The original edition of ''The Hobbit'' and early drafts of ''The Lord of the Rings'' first used "goblin" everywhere and used "[[Hobgoblins|hobgoblin]]" for larger, more evil goblins: when goblins were replaced with Orcs Tolkien invented the term Uruk-hai for his more evil Orcs.

==Etymology==
===Orc===
The word '''''Orc''''' is said to be the "''form of the name that other races had for this foul people as it was in the [[Rohirric|language of Rohan]]''".<ref name=App|F1iv/>

In his late, post-''Lord of the Rings'' writings, Tolkien preferred the spelling '''''Ork'''''.<ref>{{HM|PM}}</ref> This was evidently mainly to avoid the form ''Orcish'', which would be naturally pronounced with the c as /s/ instead of /k/. (In [[Languages|Tolkien's languages]] the letter ''c'' was always pronounced /k/.) It is also possible that the word is a Common Tongue Version of 'orch', the [[Sindarin]] word for Orc. The original sense of the word seems to be "bogey", "bogeyman", that is, something that provokes fear, as seen in the Quenya cognate ''urko'', pl. ''urqui''.{{fact}}

Tolkien derived the word ''orc'' from [[Old English]] believing it refers to a kind of evil spirits,<ref name=L144/><ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], "[[Gene Wolfe 7 November 1966]]" (letter)</ref> which in turn derives from Latin ''Orcus'' "Hades". He also thought it survives in the modern language for sea-beasts,<ref>{{HM|N}}, p. 762</ref> such as the [[Wikipedia:Orca Whale|Orca Whale]].

''Orc'' is an [[Old English]] word that refers mainly to a kind of metal cup (from Latin ''Urceus'').<ref group="note">The word ''Orc'' occurs twice in ''[[Beowulf]]''.</ref> However, in a 11th century glossary, this entry was conflated with another entry which refers to evil giants such as ''[[Wikipedia:Jötunn|þyrs]]'' and other monsters, also glossed in Latin as ''Orcus''. This merge of the two entries made many philologists of the previous centuries, like Tolkien, to believe that ''Orc'' was an actual Old English word that refers to any kind of evil creature from the underworld.<ref>Bosworth and Toller's ''An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary'' (1898), corrected in later editions</ref>

The word ''Orcnéas'' is once found only in ''[[Beowulf]]'' (lines 112-113) and is cited as an example of the word "Orc" in Old English text. Actually its meaning is not clear, and it is thought to refer to corpses (''néas'') from the Underworld.

However, it is also mentioned that the word ''Orc'' is Anglo-Saxon for "Foreigner, Monster, Demon" and was used to refer to the Normans invading the Anglish in 1066.<ref>"[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1329539/ 1066 The Battle for Middle Earth]" 2009 (documentary)</ref>
==="Orcs" in Tolkien's languages===
Tolkien said that one of the reason of choosing "Orc" over "Goblin" was the similarity with his fictional languages.<ref name=WJAC>{{WJ|AC}}, pp. 389-91</ref> Indeed most [[Elvish]], [[Mannish]] and other words for Orc, are similar to the English word.

The basic [[Primitive Quendian]] [[Sundocarme|root]], from which the words for Orc derive, is [[RUKU]] (said to refer to any "bogey" that scared the Elves)<ref name=WJAC/>:

*[[Quenya]] '''''orco'''''<ref name=PE17_47/> (pl. '''''Orkor'''''<ref>{{GA|27}}, p. 12</ref><ref>{{HM|MR}}, pp. 74, 194</ref>); [[Exilic Quenya]] '''''urko''''' (pl. '''''orkor''''' and '''''orqui''''')<ref name=WJAC/>
*[[Sindarin]]: '''''orch'''''/'''''Orch''''' (pl. '''''yrch'''''/'''''Yrch''''', class pl. '''''Orchoth'''''/'''''orchoth'''''<ref group="note">''Orchoth'' is likely a compound of ''orch'' + ''[[hoth]]''.</ref>)<ref name=WJAC/><ref name=L144/><ref name=PE17_52-4/><ref name=PE17_47/><ref name=App|F1iv/>; '''''[[glamhoth]]'''''
*[[Nandorin]]: '''''ūriʃ'''''<ref name=PE17_52-4>{{PE|17}}, pp. 52-4</ref>

*[[Adûnaic]]: '''''urku''''', '''''urkhu'''''<ref name=WJAC/>
*[[Westron]]: '''''orka'''''<ref name=PE17_47>{{PE|17}}, p. 47</ref>
*[[Black Speech]]: '''''[[Uruk-hai#Etymology|uruk]]'''''<ref name=App|F1iv>{{App|F1iv}}</ref><ref name=WJAC/><ref name=L144>{{L|144}}</ref><ref name=PE17_47/>
*[[Khuzdul]]: '''''Rukhs''''' (pl. '''''Rakhās'''''), possibly derived from an unknown [[Avarin]] word of the same meaning<ref name=WJAC/><ref group="note">''Rukhs'' appears to contain the radical R-Kh-S.</ref>
*[[Drúadan language]]: '''''gorgûn''''' ("orc-folk"; the form ''gorgûn'' is perhaps plural of an unknown singular form)<ref name=PE17_99>{{PE|17}}, p. 99</ref><ref>{{RK|V5}}</ref><ref name=WJAC/>

In the earliest versions of [[Qenya]], Tolkien had words such as "'''Ork (orq-)''' pl. '''Orqi''' and fem. "'''orqindi'''".{{fact}}

In [[Noldorin]], the earlier version of Sindarin, the word for Orc is the same: ''orch'' (pl ''yrch'').<ref name=LR379>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 379 (entry for ÓROK)</ref><ref>{{MR|P3I7}}, p. 195</ref><ref>{{MC|Secret}}, p. 217</ref> The [[Gnomish]] word for "one of a tribe of the orcs. a goblin" is said to be '''''Gong'''''.<ref>{{PE|11}}, p. 41</ref>

*''See also: [[Entish]] ''[[burárum]]''
===Goblin===
''[[Wiktionary:Goblin|Goblin]]'' is a folk word which according to ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English'' is probably derived from the Anglo-French ''[[Wiktionary:gobelin|gobelin]]'' a diminutive of ''gobel'' (cf. ''[[Wiktionary:kobold|kobold]]''). William D.B. Loos notes that ''goblin'' is a Romance-derived word, unlike other Germanic words preferred by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]].<ref>William D.B. Loos, [http://tolkien.slimy.com/tfaq/EnemyMisc.html#Orcs Enemies and Miscellaneous: What was the relationship between Orcs and Goblins?] at [http://tolkien.slimy.com/tfaq/ The Tolkien Frequently Asked Questions List] (accessed 3 July 2011)</ref>

==="Goblin" in Tolkien's languages===

In the [[The Etymologies|''Etymologies'']], the Elvish names used to translate "goblin" derive from root [[RUKU#Other versions|ÓROK]] and are:<ref name=LR379>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 379 (entry for ÓROK)</ref>

*[[Quenya]]: '''''orko''''' (pl. '''''orqi''''')
*[[Noldorin]]: ''orch'' (pl ''yrch'', archaic ''yrchy''<ref>{{VT|46a}}, p. 7</ref>)
*[[Nandorin|Danian]]: '''''urc''''' (pl. '''''yrc''''')
*[[Doriathrin]]: '''''urch''''' (pl. '''''urchin''''')

In an early linguistic writing, Tolkien translated the [[Gnomish]] word ''Gong'' as "one of a tribe of the orcs. a goblin."<ref>{{PE|11}}, p. 41</ref>

==Other Versions of the Lengendarium==
===Origin===
According to the oldest "theory" proposed by Tolkien, Orcs were made of stone and slime through the sorcery of Morgoth. But, Tolkien later changed the legendarium so that Morgoth could no longer produce life on his own.

While Tolkien originally saw all Orcs as descended from tortured Elves, later comments of his indicate, according to [[Christopher Tolkien]] in ''Morgoth's Ring'' ("Myths Transformed, text X"), that he began to feel uncomfortable with the theory that orcs were descending from Elves. However, Tolkien died before he could complete his upheaval of the cosmology, and in the published version of ''The Silmarillion'', the Elf origin of Orcs was adopted. It does not appear that the elder Tolkien ever decided on a definitive answer.

The origin of Orcs is an open question. In Tolkien's writings, evil is not capable of independent creation, making it unlikely that the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Morgoth|Melkor]], who was obviously the first to produce them, could do that ''ex nihilo''. In the ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' is mentioned that the Orcs were transformed from Elves — the purest form of life on [[Arda]] (the Earth) — by means of torture and mutilation; and this "theory" would then become the most popular. There are hints in the ''[[The History of Middle-earth|History of Middle-earth]]'' series of books, (especially in ''[[Morgoth's Ring]]'' in the section "Myths Transformed"), that some Orc leaders, such as the First Age's [[Boldog]], or the [[Great Goblin]] encountered by [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] and the Dwarves, may in fact have been fallen [[Maiar]] which had taken Orc form.

Yet other Orcs may have begun as animals of vaguely humanoid shapes, empowered by the will of the Dark Lord (first [[Morgoth]], later Sauron): this may explain the references to their "beaks and feathers"{{fact}} in Tolkien's writings.

: ''The Orcs were beasts of humanized shape (…).'' ('Morgoth's Ring', "Myths transformed", text VIII')

==Controversy==
Tolkien's Orcs have ''allegedly'' been a subject of criticism of [[racism]]. Tolkien described Orcs as "squat, broad, flat-nosed, sallow-skinned, with wide mouths and slant eyes: in fact degraded and repulsive versions of the (to Europeans) least lovely Mongol-types".<ref>{{L|210}}</ref>
==Other writings==
In ''[[The Letters of Father Christmas]]'', goblins appear as the enemies of [[Father Christmas]] and the [[Red Elves]].
==Portrayal in Adaptations==
===Orcs===
{{stub}}[[File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Orc3.jpg|250px|thumb|An '''Orc''' in [[Fornost]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''.]]
'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Orc-kind is a genus that include the species of Orc, Goblins, [[Half-orcs]], [[Boggarts]], [[Bugans]] and [[Uruk-hai]].

:Orcs are very common in Middle-earth. They are about the size of a man with a hunchback.

''''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Orcs are first seen in [[Fornost]], where they immediately attack [[Eradan (video game character)|Eradan]], [[Andriel]] and [[Farin (video game character)|Farin]] on their aproach.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 1: Fornost, ''Main Gate''</ref> ''Orc wariors'' are stronger then normal Orcs. Some Orcs have been taught [[Magic|sorcery]] by [[Agandaûr]], these are known as ''Orc Sorcerers''.

===Goblins===
[[File:The Lord of the Rings War in the North - Goblins1.jpg|250px|thumb|'''Goblins''' in the pits of [[Fornost]] in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]''.]]'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War of the Ring]]'':'''
:Goblins have been made clearly distinct from Orcs.

'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''
:Goblins have been made clearly distinct from Orcs.

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Goblins are a separate race and can be found in [[Evendim]], [[the Shire]], [[Ered Luin]], [[Bree-land]], [[Lone-lands|Lone lands]], [[North Downs]], [[Misty Mountains]], [[Angmar]] and [[Moria]]. They are small in stature; a little shorter than [[Hobbits]]. In contrast, Orcs are about the size of [[Men]]. Goblins are also weaker than the orcs.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Goblins first appear in [[Fornost]], where they attack [[Eradan (video game character)|Eradan]], [[Andriel]] and [[Farin (video game character)|Farin]] immediately when they reach the city.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], Chapter 1: Fornost, ''Main Gate''</ref> Goblins are weaker then Orcs.

==See also==
*[[Gongs]]
*[[:Category:Images of Orcs|Images of Orcs]]
*[[:Category:Images of Goblins|Images of Goblins]]

{{references|note}}
[[Category:Orcs| ]]
[[Category:Races]]
[[de:Orks]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/orques/orques]]
[[fi:Örkit]]