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Fuinur

2019-06-28T18:08:28Z

72.141.101.237:

{{numenorean infobox
| name=Fuinur
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=Associated with the [[Harad]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=Late [[Second Age]]<ref group=note>He appears in the narrative after [[Sauron]] returned to [[Mordor]], but before the first capture of [[Minas Ithil]], which in principle gives us dates somewhere between {{SA|3320}} and {{SA|3429}}. He certainly belonged to the closing centuries of the [[Second Age]].</ref>
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Fuinur''' was a [[Black Númenóreans|Black Númenórean]] who lived in the late [[Second Age]]. He sailed east to [[Middle-earth]], apparently with a companion named [[Herumor]], and settled in the southern region known as the [[Harad]]. These two became lords in Middle-earth, coming to hold power among the [[Haradrim]].<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref>
==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Fuinur.mp3|Ardamir}}
The initial element of this name is S. ''[[fuin]]'' "night"<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, ''fuin''</ref>, but the meaning of the suffix is unclear.

{{notes}}
{{References}}
[[Category:Black Númenóreans]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[de:Fuinur]]
[[fi:Fuinur]]

Herumor

2019-06-28T18:07:42Z

72.141.101.237:

{{disambig-two|the [[Black Númenóreans|Black Númenórean]]|character in ''[[The New Shadow]]''|[[Herumor (The New Shadow)]]}}
{{numenorean infobox
| name=Herumor
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=Associated with the [[Harad]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule=Late [[Second Age]]<ref group=note>Based on the ordering of events there, he appears to have taken power in the [[Harad]] at some point after the [[Downfall of Númenor]], dating him to {{SA|3319}} or later. The order of events is not entirely clear, and an argument could be made that he lived slightly earlier, but he certainly belonged to the closing centuries of the [[Second Age]].</ref>
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}{{Pronounce|Herumor.mp3|Ardamir}}
'''Herumor''' was a [[Black Númenóreans|Black Númenórean]] who lived in the late [[Second Age]]. After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], no small number of these people sailed eastward to [[Middle-earth]], and Herumor was among them. With another named [[Fuinur]], he settled among the [[Haradrim]], and became a lord in the lands of the [[Harad]].<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
Herumor means "Lord of the dark" in [[Quenya]] (from ''[[heru]]'' = "lord" and ''[[morë]]'' = "dark").

==Portrayal in adaptations==
In the defunct [[Middle-earth Role Playing]] game from the 1980s, Herumor is given an extended history. Fuinur is then his older brother. [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]], however, had nothing to do with writing this history.

{{notes}}
{{References}}
{{title}}
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Númenóreans]]
[[Category:Black Númenóreans]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]

[[de:Herumor]]
[[fi:Herumor]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/2a/numenoreens_noirs/herumor]]

War of the Elves and Sauron

2019-06-28T16:59:59Z

72.141.101.237:

{{expansion}}
{{sources}}
{{War
|previous=[[Wars of Beleriand]]
|next=[[War of the Last Alliance]]
|image=
|name=War of the Elves and Sauron
|begin={{SA|1693}}
|end={{SA|1701}}
|place=[[Eriador]]
|result=Eregion destroyed, Sauron defeated and driven from Eriador
|battles=[[Sack of Eregion]], [[First Siege of Imladris]], [[Battle of the Gwathló]]
|side1=[[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]], [[Númenóreans]], and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]
|side2=[[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness|Evil Men]], and other creatures of Sauron
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
{{Celebrimbor blazon|died}}
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Celeborn]]
*[[Amroth]]
*[[Ciryatur]]
*[[Durin III]]
|commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
}}
The '''War of the Elves and Sauron''' was a great war fought in the [[Second Age]].

== The Making of the Rings of Power ==
During the Second Age, [[Sauron]] planned to take control of the Elves through the power of his [[One Ring]]. In his guise as [[Annatar]], he instructed the [[Elves of Eregion]] in the making of [[Rings of Power]], and then secretly constructed a Ruling Ring of his own to enslave the bearers of the Rings.<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Unknown to him, the Elves had made [[Three Rings]] of their own, so that when Sauron took up his own Ring, they understood his intentions and his centuries of planning came to nothing.

[[Image:Angus_McBride_-_Celebrimbor.gif|left|thumb|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Celebrimbor'']]

== The War and Destruction ==
What he could not control by subtlety, Sauron resolved to destroy by force, and so began the War of the Elves and Sauron. At first, Sauron's victories came quickly: vast armies emerged from [[Mordor]] and,<ref name="Galadriel"/> over the next six years, overran [[Eriador]].<ref name="SA">{{App|SA}}</ref> Eregion was destroyed, and Sauron claimed the remaining Rings of Power (except for the Three Rings, which had been sent far from Eregion at the beginning of the war).

The Elves of Eregion did not stand alone against Sauron. From [[Lindon]], [[Gil-galad]] sent a force commanded by [[Elrond]] to lend them aid. Before Elrond could come to Eregion, the Dark Lord demanded that the Rings of Power be turned over to him, and when he was refused he brought his full force against Eregion. In {{SA|1697}}, [[Ost-in-Edhil]] fell, with [[Celebrimbor]] himself leading a last desperate defence on the steps of the Jewel-smiths' guild house. He was taken captive by the [[Orcs]], then shot through with Orc-arrows, and by some accounts, Sauron used Celebrimbor's body as a banner as he turned to face Elrond's army approaching from the north.

Sauron gathered up the Rings of Power that remained, and laid waste the land of Eregion, bringing an end to its people. The surviving Elves of Eregion seem to have scattered, as there are various accounts of their fates. Some fled northward to join Elrond's host, and that host was itself forced into retreat; some of these Elves of Eregion settled at [[Rivendell]] when Elrond founded it shortly afterwards.<ref name="Galadriel"/> They were joined there by others of their kind who had escaped into the [[Rhovanion|Wild]], and only later found their way to safety. Many of these people seem to have later abandoned [[Middle-earth]] and sailed into the [[West]].<ref name="Galadriel"/>

Still, other survivors escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> The [[Dwarves of Khazad-dûm]] indeed did more than simply allow the Elves to pass through their mansions; they went out against Sauron's armies along with a force of [[Galadhrim]] under [[Amroth]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> It was through their aid that the beleaguered Elrond was able to escape into the north and thus save many of the Elves of Eregion.<ref name="Galadriel"/> Once the Dwarves returned to Khazad-dûm, the [[Doors of Durin]] were shut and remained so until the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] came there thousands of years later.<ref name="Galadriel"/>

Just as Sauron's victory looked secure, a great navy appeared in the north, carrying the forces of [[Númenor]] sent by [[Tar-Minastir|King Tar-Minastir]]. The [[Númenóreans]] put Sauron's armies to rout, and forced them back out of the [[Westlands]].<ref name="SA"/> So Eriador was saved, but Celebrimbor's kingdom of Eregion had been wiped out, and a great many of the Rings of Power had fallen into the hands of Sauron.

Given the devastation of Eregion, it was decided that Imladris should become the new Elvish stronghold in eastern Eriador. In recognition of his efforts, Gil-galad bestowed the ring [[Vilya]] upon Elrond at this time and made him his vice-regent.<ref name="Galadriel"/>

{{references}}

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Wars]]

Gundabad

2019-06-28T02:29:37Z

72.141.101.237:

{{disambig-two|a mountain in [[Rhovanion]]|[[Middle-earth Role Playing|MERP]] supplement|[[Mount Gundabad (book)]]}}
{{location infobox
| name=Gundabad
| image=[[File:Larry Elmore - Mount Gundabad.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Mount Gundabad" by Larry Elmore
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=At the northern end of the [[Misty Mountains]] and west of the [[Grey Mountains]]
| type=Mountain
| description=A large mountain, where [[Durin the Deathless]] awoke; later capital of the [[Orcs of the Misty Mountains|Orcs of the region]]
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=Historically connected with the [[Longbeards]], but contested and occupied by the [[Orcs]] during the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age|Third Ages]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=Awakening of Durin [[First Sacking of Gundabad]] [[Second Sacking of Gundabad]]
}}
'''Mount Gundabad''' was a mountain adjacent to the northern reaches of the [[Misty Mountains]]. It was revered by the [[Dwarves]] but usually occupied by [[Orcs]].

==Description==
From the northern part of the [[Vales of Anduin]], Mount Gundabad appeared to be the northern endpoint of the [[Misty Mountains]] and the western endpoint of the [[Grey Mountains]], although slightly separated from both ranges.<ref>{{H|Wilderland}}</ref> In actuality, the Misty Mountains continued past Mount Gundabad in a north-westerly direction (this extension was known as the [[Mountains of Angmar]]). In all maps the mountain was shown as having three conjoined peaks. Bordering [[Forodwaith (lands)|Forodwaith]] to the north, the mountain undoubtedly had a cold climate.<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref>

==History==
According to the [[Dwarves]], [[Durin|Durin the Deathless]], eldest of the [[Fathers of the Dwarves]], awoke at Mount Gundabad shortly after the [[Awakening of the Elves]]. From that time forward, the mountain was revered by the Dwarves.<ref name="Relations">{{PM|Relations}},p. 301</ref> However, since Durin awoke alone he did not stay at the mountain; he walked southward until he founded [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]].<ref>{{FR|II4}}</ref> In the early ages, Mount Gundabad did serve as a place of assembly for delegations of Dwarves, yet there is no mention of any making permanent residence there.<ref name="Relations"/>

In {{SA|1695}}, [[Sauron]] invaded [[Eriador]]. In {{SA|1697|n}}, he [[Sack of Eregion|conquered]] [[Eregion]]<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> and would have overwhelmed [[Elrond]], leading refugees northward, but he was attacked in the rear by forces sent from Khazad-dûm. Sauron drove the Dwarves back but could not breach the [[Doors of Durin]]. Frustrated, he commanded the Orcs to harry the Dwarves wherever they could be found.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Soon thereafter, came the [[First Sacking of Gundabad]], followed by a long occupation by Orcs.<ref name="Relations"/>

Around the year {{TA|1300}}, the realm of [[Angmar]] arose.<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> Its lands lay on both sides of the Misty Mountains<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref> so Mount Gundabad was part of its domains. Although Angmar was destroyed in {{TA|1975|n}}<ref name="TA"/>, the last remnants of its people east of the mountains were driven away<ref>{{App|Eorl}}</ref> in {{TA|1977|n}}.<ref name="TA"/> Gundabad itself remained populated with Orcs.

After the death of King [[Thrór]] in {{TA|2790|n}}, the Dwarves gathered for vengeance. The [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]] began in {{TA|2793|n}}<ref name="TA"/> and the [[Second Sacking of Gundabad]] occurred.<ref>{{App|Durin}}</ref> Although it is likely that the Dwarves cleared the mountain of all Orcs, the Orcs returned and Mount Gundabad again served as their capital in the North.<ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref>

In {{TA|2941|n}}<ref name="TA"/>, [[Thorin]] [[Oakenshield]], [[Gandalf]], several Dwarves, and [[Bilbo Baggins]], entered the Misty Mountains. While in the mountains, the [[Great Goblin]] was killed and the party escaped. Furious, the Orcs gathered at Mount Gundabad under the command of [[Bolg]] to seek revenge. Hearing of the death of [[Smaug]], they marched on the [[Lonely Mountain]].<ref name="Burst"/> However, the Orcs lost the [[Battle of Five Armies]] and three parts of their numbers.<ref>{{H|Return}}</ref> Orcs still lived at Mount Gundabad by the end of the [[Third Age]] but in a very reduced state.

==Etymology==
''Gundabad'' is said to be a "in origin a [[Khuzdul]] name". Its meaning, however, is unknown.<ref>{{HM|PM}}, p. 301</ref>

A recogniseable element is Khuzdul ''[[gundu]]'', meaning "underground hall", but it is not known if this word is indeed part of the name ''Gundabad''.<ref>{{webcite|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/khuzdul.htm|articlename=Khuzdul|website=Arda|accessed=}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Hobbit - The Battle of the Five Armies - Gundabad fortress.jpg|thumb|350px|Gundabad in [[The Hobbit (film series)|''The Hobbit'' film series]]]]
'''2012: ''[[The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey]]'':'''

:On their way to [[Rivendell]], [[Radagast]] and [[Gandalf]] are pursued by [[Azog]]'s [[Orcs]] and swift [[Wargs]] of Gundabad, according to Gandalf.

'''2014: ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]'':'''

:Gundabad is a large fortress of the Misty Mountains, housing a large number of Orcs and bats. [[Legolas]] and [[Tauriel]] travel there and discover of the second orc army heading for [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]]. Legolas remarks that their people fought a battle there in another Age and his mother was killed at that place.

{{references}}
[[Category:Dwarven realms]]
[[Category:Evil realms]]
[[Category:Khuzdul words]]
[[Category:Mountains]]
[[de:Gundabad]]
[[fi:Gundabadin vuori]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/reliefs/monts_brumeux/mont_gundabad]]

Fall of Mount Gundabad

2019-06-28T02:14:59Z

72.141.101.237: infobox is irrelevant and is not needed. major cleanup

The '''Fall of Mount Gundabad''', took place shortly after [[Sack of Eregion|Eregion was destroyed]].

After the doors of [[Khazad-Dûm]] were [[Sack of Eregion|shut]], [[Orcs]], reinforced and commanded by the servants of [[Sauron]], invaded [[Mount Gundabad]] and drove the [[Longbeard]] Dwarves from their holy site and dwelling. As a result, the [[Grey Mountains]] were infested and communication between [[Khazad-Dûm]] and the [[Iron Hills]] was cut off.<ref>{{PM|Dwarves}}, p. 305</ref>

{{References}}

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]

Elves of Lindon

2019-06-27T23:28:59Z

72.141.101.237: /* Population */

{{people infobox
| name=Elves of Lindon
| image=[[File:Liz Danforth - Elves of Lindon.jpg|250px]]
| caption=''Elves of Lindon'' by [[Liz Danforth]]
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Eldar]] of [[Lindon]]
| origin=Survivors of the destruction of [[Beleriand]] in the [[War of Wrath]]
| location=[[Lindon]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], [[Host of the West (Arnor)|Host of the West]]
| rivalry=[[Sauron]]
| language=[[Nandorin]], [[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]
| members=[[Cirdan]], [[Gil-galad]], [[Celeborn]], [[Oropher]], [[Elrond]] ([[half-elven]]), [[Galdor of the Havens]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Elves of Lindon''' were those [[Elves]] who dwelt in [[Lindon]] in the west of [[Middle-earth]], between the [[Blue Mountains]] and the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]], in the [[Second Age|Second]] and [[Third Age]]s.
==Population==
The original Elves of Lindon ([[Ossiriand]]) in the [[First Age]], were [[Laiquendi]], but were joined by other Elves of the former [[Beleriand]]: [[Noldor|Noldorin]] exiles (especially from [[Gondolin]], but also from the [[House of Finarfin|Houses of Finarfin]] and [[House of Fëanor|Fëanor]]), and [[Iathrim|Sindar from Doriath]] and from the [[Elves of the Falas|Falas]].<ref name=princes>{{UT|6b}}</ref><ref>{{UT|Amroth}}</ref>

The Elves of [[Harlindon]] were mostly Sindar, ruled by [[Celeborn]].<ref name=SA>{{App|SA}}</ref><ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, Note 2</ref>

Early in the Second Age, some of the Sindar, who were from [[Doriath]], were uneasy living among the Noldor under Gil-galad and left for the east, and in certain accounts, also the [[Edhellond|south]].<ref name=princes/>

In the [[Third Age]], the Elves of Lindon consisted most of the [[High-elves]] that still lingered in [[Middle-earth]]. Few remained in the [[Fourth Age]], if at all.<ref name=eriador/>

==History==
The Elves built the [[Grey Havens]] in the newly-formed [[Gulf of Lune]] whence the [[Eldar]] could sail the [[Straight Road]], but most of them were unwilling at first to forsake the lands they fought in and preferred to linger there.<ref name=rings/> Although many Sindar left Lindon<ref name=princes/> the Elves reached the height of their power in the Second Age under King [[Gil-galad]].

A fair being calling himself [[Annatar]], emissary of the Valar, came seeking entrance. Gil-galad and Master [[Elrond]] sensed that he was not what he seemed, and denied him. Messengers were sent from Lindon with warnings; but they were unheeded, and Annatar was received gladly, mostly in [[Eregion]].<ref name=rings>{{S|Rings}}</ref> However Gil-galad and Elrond were proven correct, as Annatar was indeed [[Sauron]] and later [[War of the Elves and Sauron|a massive war began]]. Elrond came out of Lindon with Elves in [[Sack of Eregion|battle to defend Eregion]]. With them, and other Elves who fled the destruction of [[Eregion]], he established [[Imladris]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref name=SA/> After those events, the Elf-realm of Lindon was diminished and didn't extend east of the Blue Mountains anymore.<ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, Note #75</ref>

In the [[Dark Years]] [[Sauron]] had conquered most of the [[Westlands]], but in {{SA|1700}} [[Tar-Minastir]] sent a fleet to Lindon, aiding the Elves to drive Sauron out of Eriador.<ref name=SA/><ref name=rings/> Sauron's army was driven back to [[Sarn Ford]] where they were defeated and withdrew to [[Tharbad]].<ref name="Concerning">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>

At the end of the Age, Gil-galad joined the [[Last Alliance]] and led his armies to the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. Some of the [[Silvan Elves]] felt hostility towards the Noldor, and those under [[Oropher]] and [[Amdir]] attacked independently, suffering heavy losses.<ref name=princes/>
===After Gil-galad===

After the War and the death of Gil-galad, [[Cirdan]] remained the only Lord of the Havens. During the [[Third Age]], the Elves of Lindon under [[Cirdan]] supported [[Arnor]] in the [[Angmar War]]. They assisted [[Arveleg]] and the men of [[Cardolan]] drive off the [[Hill-men]] from the [[Weather Hills]]. Later, with Círdan’s help, Arveleg's young son, [[Araphor]], drove [[Angmar]]'s armies from [[Fornost]] and the [[North Downs]]. Combining forces with [[Rivendell]], and the [[Galadhrim]] who joined them from beyond the [[Misty Mountains]], they subdued Angmar for some time.<ref name=eriador/>
[[File:Angelo Montanini - Northern Waste.jpg|thumb|left|Angelo Montanini - ''Northern Waste'']]
In {{TA|1975}}, Elven sailors from Lindon brought a ship to [[Forochel]] to rescue the lost king [[Arvedui]]. The crew endured a perilous journey, but Arvedui rashly attempted to return that winter, and all aboard perished. The next year the elves joined with the [[Dúnedain]] in the victorious [[Battle of Fornost]].<ref name=eriador>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

For the course of the Third Age, the Elves of Lindon built ships for the Elves who wished to return to the Blessed Realm and they didn't seem to participate in greater events. During the [[War of the Ring]] [[Galdor of the Havens|Galdor]] was sent to [[Rivendell]] for an errand, and incidentally he represented Cirdan in the [[Council of Elrond]].<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref>

The [[Last Ship]], carrying [[Cirdan]] and [[Celeborn]],<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref> sailed early in the Fourth Age.
{{references}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]

Lindon

2019-06-27T23:28:21Z

72.141.101.237: /* The Second Age: Kingdom of Gil-galad */

{{expansion}}
{{kingdom
| image=[[File:Matěj Čadil - Lindon.jpg|250px]]
| name=Lindon
| pronun=
| othernames=''[[Ossiriand]]''; the remnant was known as Lindon after the [[First Age]]
| location=West of the [[Blue Mountains]]
| capital=
| towns=[[Mithlond]], [[Forlond]], [[Harlond (Lindon)|Harlond]]
| regions=[[Forlindon]], [[Harlindon]]
| population=[[Elves of Lindon]] Few [[Dwarves of the Blue Mountains|Dwarves]]
| language=[[Nandorin]], [[Quenya]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]], [[Khuzdul]]
| govern1=[[Gil-galad]]
| govern2=Later [[Círdan]]
| govern3=
| currency=
| holiday=
| precededby=[[Ossiriand]]
| event1=Established
| event1date={{SA|1}}<ref name=SA/>
| event2=
| event2date=
| event3=
| event3date=
| event4=
| event4date=
| event5=
| event5date=
| followedby=
}}
{{quote|...the last whose realm was fair and free between the Mountains and the Sea.|''[[The Fall of Gil-galad]]''}}
'''Lindon''' was a region of the [[Westlands]]. Initially populated by [[Green-elves|Laiquendi]], in the following Ages, it became an important Elvish realm, known for its harbors and Elven [[Ships]] that would sail for the [[Aman|West]].

==Geography==
Lindon was a name of [[Ossiriand]], a region west of the [[Blue Mountains]], in Eastern [[Beleriand]]. After the deluge of Beleriand in the [[War of Wrath]], Lindon became the westernmost land of the continent of [[Middle-earth]]. The [[Gulf of Lune]] broke into Lindon and the Blue Mountains and divided the realm into ''[[Forlindon]]'' (North Lindon) and ''[[Harlindon]]'' (South Lindon). The eastern border of Lindon was the [[Lune]], beyond which was [[Arnor]].<ref name=eriador>{{App|Eriador}}</ref>

Although [[Gil-galad]]'s kingdom did not have clear bounds south of the [[Lune]], the [[Elves of Lindon]] maintained an outpost at the [[Tower Hills]].<ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref>

After the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] and the establishment of [[Imladris]], the realm of Lindon was diminished and did not extend beyond the Blue Mountains any more.<ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, #75</ref>

In the tumult following the [[Downfall of Númenor]], Lindon suffered great loss as "''the sea rode in upon the land''", and therefore had shrunk when the Third Age began.<ref>{{PM|VI}}, p. 183</ref>

==History==
===The First Age===
{{main|Ossiriand}}
The name Lindon was first used by the exiled Noldor for the region of [[Ossiriand]].<ref>{{S|14}}</ref>

Lindon was the only part of Beleriand that survived the [[War of Wrath]], the rest of the land having been broken or submerged by the tumults.<ref name=PMII78>{{PM|II}}, p. 78</ref> However, [[Belegaer]] the Great Sea broke through the mountain chain, creating the [[Gulf of Lhûn]].

Many of the surviving [[Elves]] of drowned Beleriand, especially the exiled Noldor, relocated to Lindon by the beginning of the [[Second Age]], where they were ruled by [[Gil-galad]].<ref name=PMII78/>

===The Second Age: Kingdom of Gil-galad===
[[File:Liz Danforth - Elves of Lindon.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Liz Danforth]] - ''Elves of Lindon'']]
[[Gil-galad]] founded the '''''Kingdom of Lindon''''' in {{SA|1}} ruling over the Noldor and Sindar and all the [[Elves of Lindon]] alike. They also built the Havens ([[Mithlond]], and also likely [[Harlond (Lindon)|Harlond]] and [[Forlond]])<ref name=app>{{App|SA}}</ref> and many Elves left from there to [[Valinor]].

The Elves of [[Ossiriand]] in the [[First Age]] were the [[Laiquendi]],<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref> but following the end of the First Age, they were joined by other Elves of the former [[Beleriand]]: [[Noldor|Noldorin]] exiles (especially from [[Gondolin]], but also from the [[House of Finarfin|Houses of Finarfin]] and [[House of Fëanor|Fëanor]]), and [[Iathrim|Sindar from Doriath]] and from the [[Elves of the Falas|Falas]].<ref name=princes>{{UT|6b}}</ref><ref>{{UT|Amroth}}</ref> The Elves of [[Harlindon]] were mostly Sindar, ruled by [[Celeborn]].<ref name=SA>{{App|SA}}</ref><ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, Note 2</ref>

Early in the Second Age, some of the Sindar, who were from [[Doriath]], were uneasy living among the Noldor under Gil-galad and left for the east to establish kingdoms among the [[Silvan Elves]], and in certain accounts, also the [[Edhellond|south]].<ref name=princes/> Some Noldor also left to found [[Eregion]] in {{SA|750}}, the second of the two Noldorin realms.<ref name=SA/>

In {{SA|600}}, [[Entulessë]], a ship from [[Númenor]] arrived in Mithlond where Gil-galad welcomed the [[Númenóreans]], before reestablishing contact with their [[Mannish]] kin, the [[Middle Men]].<ref>{{App|B1}}, entry "600"</ref><ref>{{UT|Island}}</ref>

During the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]], [[Sauron]] had overrun [[Eriador]]. The Elves called that time [[Dark Years|Days of Flight]] as many fled to Lindon where Sauron could not enter, and thence over the [[Sea]] to the [[Uttermost West]].<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref> Eventually [[Tar-Minastir]] sent ships to Lindon, responding to Gil-galad's plea. The combined army of Elves and Númenóreans drove Sauron's forces out of Eriador.<ref name=app/> The War and the establishment of [[Imladris]] diminished the realm of Lindon and didn't extend beyond the Blue Mountains any more.<ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, #75</ref>

In the tumult following the [[Downfall of Númenor]], Lindon suffered great loss as "''the sea rode in upon the land''", and therefore had shrunk when the Third Age began.<ref>{{PM|VI}}, p. 183</ref>

===The Third Age: Lordship of Círdan===
After the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the death of Gil-galad, [[Cirdan]] remained the only Lord of the Havens. During the [[Third Age]], the Elves of Lindon under [[Cirdan]] supported [[Arnor]] in the [[Angmar War]]. They assisted [[Arveleg]] and the men of [[Cardolan]] drive off the [[Hill-men]] from the [[Weather Hills]]. Later, with Círdan’s help, Arveleg's young son, [[Araphor]], drove [[Angmar]]'s armies from [[Fornost]] and the [[North Downs]]. Combining forces with [[Rivendell]], and the [[Galadhrim]] who joined them from beyond the [[Misty Mountains]], they subdued Angmar for some time.<ref name=eriador/>
[[File:Angelo Montanini - Northern Waste.jpg|thumb|left|Angelo Montanini - ''Northern Waste'']]
In {{TA|1975}}, Elven sailors from Lindon brought a ship to [[Forochel]] to rescue the lost king [[Arvedui]]. The crew endured a perilous journey, but Arvedui rashly attempted to return that winter, and all aboard perished. The next year the elves joined with the [[Dúnedain]] in the victorious [[Battle of Fornost]].<ref name=eriador>{{App|Eriador}}</ref><ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

During the days of Kings, most of the [[High Elves]] that still lingered in [[Middle-earth]] were found in Lindon.<ref name=eriador/> Some Dwarves had dwelt in the eastern side of the Ered Luin, such as at [[Thorin's Halls]], especially the part south of the Gulf.<ref>{{App|Durin}}</ref> Men did not go to Lindon.<ref name=eriador/>

Aside from Elves, [[Gandalf]], [[Bilbo Baggins]] and [[Frodo Baggins]] also went to Valinor from the Grey Havens, and a family tradition held that [[Samwise Gamgee]], having been himself a [[Ring-bearer]], albeit briefly, did likewise, in the year {{FoA|61}}.

In the [[Fourth Age]], few Elves remained, if any at all.<ref name=eriador/> The [[Last Ship]], carrying [[Cirdan]] and [[Celeborn]],<ref>{{FR|Prologue}}</ref> apparently sailed in the early [[Fourth Age]].

==Names and Etymology==

In a post-[[Lord of the Rings|LotR]] writing, [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] says that the name ''Lindon'' was coined by the Green-elves, derived from [[Nandorin]](?) *''Lindānā''. The Sindar called the country ''Dor Lindon'' and the Noldor ''Lindóne'' (or ''Lindónë''<ref>{{HM|IX}}</ref>) but both also adopted the name ''Lindon''.<ref name=WJC>{{WJ|C}}, p. 385</ref>

The name Lindon contains the element ''lin-'' "sing, song" as also seen in [[Lindar]].<ref>{{S|Appendix}}</ref> ''Lindon'' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈlindon]}}) means "land of music",<ref>{{S|14}}</ref>

The translation "Land of the singers", conceived to be a name in the [[Nandorin|Ossiriandic]] tongue, has been suggested by [[David Salo]], [[Arden R. Smith|Arden Smith]], [[Patrick H. Wynne|Patrick Wynne]], et al. in their linguistic contribution to ''[[Arnor: The Land]]''

==Other Versions of the Legendarium==
In early versions of the ''[[The Lord of the Rings Appendices]]'', Gil-galad is said to have founded Lindon in {{SA}} 10.<ref>{{PM|VI}}, pp. 168, 173</ref>

==Portrayals in Adaptations==

''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
:A [[Lindon (MERP)|supplement on Lindon]] was never released by [[Iron Crown Enterprises|ICE]], although there were such plans,<ref>{{ICE|8014}}, p. 15</ref> and Jeff J. Erwin and Oliver Schick were commissioned to write supplements on Lindon and Mithlond, respectively (both supplements were nearly finished at the time ICE lost their license from [[Middle-earth Enterprises|Tolkien Enterprises]]).<ref>Oliver Schick, Mailing list message of 9 Oct 2007, at [http://games.groups.yahoo.com/group/fan-modules/?v=1&t=directory&ch=web&pub=groups&sec=dir&slk=3 Yahoo groups Fan modules]</ref> However, scattered information on Lindon and its prominent individuals can be found in several supplements.<ref>{{ICE|8014}}, pp. 3-4, 10-11, 14-15</ref><ref>{{ICE|4002}}, pp. 16, 44-46</ref><ref>{{ICE|2022}}, pp. 61, 148</ref><ref>{{ICE|2023}}, pp. 68-69</ref>

==See also==

*[[Elves of Lindon]]
*[[Ossiriand]]

==External links==

*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2013/09/26/why-did-the-sindar-leave-lindon/ Why Did the Sindar Leave Lindon?] by [[Michael Martinez]]

{{references}}
{{Remnants}}
[[Category:Lindon| Lindon]]
[[Category:Regions]]
[[Category:Eriador]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]
[[Category:Elven realms]]

[[de:Lindon]]
[[fi:Lindon]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/lindon]]

Gil-galad

2019-06-27T23:26:05Z

72.141.101.237: fixed parentage

{{noldor infobox
| name=Gil-galad
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Gil-galad.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Gil-galad" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Artanáro''/''Rodnor'' ([[Quenya|Q]]/[[Sindarin|S]], [[Father-name|fn]]), ''Ereinion'' ([[Sindarin|S]], [[Epessë|epessë]])
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| position=
| location=[[Havens of Sirion]] [[Lindon]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=c. {{FA|455}}
| birthlocation=Unknown
| rule={{FA|510}} - {{SA|3441}}
| death={{SA|3441}}
| deathlocation=[[Siege of Barad-dûr]]
| age=c. 3576
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| parentage=[[Orodreth]] & unnamed [[Sindar|Sindarin]] lady<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants'', ''The parentage of Gil-galad''</ref>
| siblings=[[Finduilas]]
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=[[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]]
| steed=
}}
{{Pronounce|Ereinion Gil-galad.mp3|Ardamir}}
<center>{{quote|Gil-galad was an Elven-king Of him the harpers sadly sing The last whose realm was fair and free Between the Mountains and the Sea.|From [[The Fall of Gil-galad]], as translated by [[Bilbo Baggins]]}}</center>
'''Ereinion Gil-galad''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[eˈreɪnjon ˈɡilɡalad]}}) was the sixth and last [[High King of the Noldor]].

== History ==
===First Age===
The exact date and place of Gil-galad's birth is not given.

He was still a child at the time of the [[Dagor Bragollach]] when [[Morgoth]] broke the [[Siege of Angband]]. As a result his father<ref group=note>In the [[Silmarillion]], Gil-galad's father was [[Fingon]]; in later notes [[Tolkien]] changed him to [[Orodreth]], but never incorporated this change in a narrative. See [[#Other Versions of the Legendarium]]</ref> sent him (and his mother<ref name="Ruin">{{WJ|Ruin}}</ref>) to [[Círdan]] at the [[Havens of the Falas]] for safekeeping.<ref>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> After the fall of Minas Tirith, the [[Pass of Sirion]] was open to Morgoth's hosts although they were still kept at bay by the still mighty realm of [[Hithlum]] and also the power of Nargothrond. Hithlum was destroyed after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] and thus there was no power left that could withstand the enemies, and the ports at the Falas were besieged and captured. Yet Círdan, Gil-galad and many other Elves could flee from death on ship and established a refuge upon the [[Isle of Balar]] and a small haven at the [[Mouths of Sirion]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

In the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], [[Fingon]], High King of the Noldor, was slain, and the crown passed to his brother [[Turgon]] in Gondolin. When Gondolin was lost, Gil-galad received the Kingship of the Noldor.<ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> He and Círdan maintained the refuge upon Balar and the small port at the Sirion estuary until the [[War of Wrath]] and the end of the First Age.

===Second Age===
After the destruction of [[Beleriand]] during the [[War of Wrath]], Gil-galad founded a kingdom in [[Lindon]] in the far northwest of Middle-earth, roughly between the [[Blue Mountains]] and the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] around the [[Gulf of Lhûn]] and the havens of [[Forlond]], [[Harlond (Lindon)|Harlond]], and [[Mithlond]] were founded.<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> Many Elves, both the [[Sindar]] and the [[Noldor]] joined him. But soon there was again unrest among the Noldor, and many of them left Lindon and led by [[Celebrimbor]] founded the realm of [[Eregion]], probably also stirred up by the finding of ''[[mithril]]'' in [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]. Also some of the Sindar and many of the [[Nandor]] did not wish to live with the Noldor, who had done them a [[Second Kinslaying|great evil]], and migrated eastwards to [[Lothlórien]] or [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].

When Prince [[Aldarion]] of [[Númenor]] came to [[Middle-earth]], they established friendship with the [[Elves]]. In {{SA|882}} Gil-galad gave him [[Gil-galad's letter|a letter for his father]], the [[King of Númenor]], [[Tar-Meneldur]]. He warned him that a new shadow had arisen in the [[East]] and besought him for aid.<ref>{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref>

[[File:Lelia - Gil-Galad.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Lelia - ''Gil-galad'']]Around the year 1000 of the [[Second Age]], [[Sauron]] tried to make contact with the Elves under the name of [[Annatar]], the "Lord of Gifts". But Gil-galad and Círdan did not trust him and rejected his proposals. Sauron though, was welcomed in Eregion and the [[Rings of Power]] were forged.<ref name="Rings"/> Around {{SA|1600}} Sauron, though, had forged [[the One Ring]] in secret, and when the Elves of Eregion found out that they have been betrayed, Sauron demanded the Rings, and when they refused, in {{SA|1695}} he invaded [[Eriador]], and the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] began.<ref name="PM">{{PM|Second}}</ref> Celebrimbor had rescued the Three Rings of the Elves in time, sending [[Vilya]] and [[Narya]] to Gil-galad and [[Círdan]] in Lindon, respectively, while the third ring [[Nenya]] was given to [[Galadriel]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>

Sauron conquered [[Eregion]] quickly and the forces from Lindon that Gil-galad had sent under the command of [[Elrond]] came too late and were too small, and fled far north, where Elrond established the stronghold of [[Rivendell|Imladris]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> While Sauron sent most of his army west to attack [[Lindon]], he had to leave a strong detachment behind to contain Elrond.<ref name=UTC>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>

The war lasted on until a great fleet of the [[Númenóreans]] arrived at Lindon. With united forces, Sauron's army was driven back and defeated near the [[Sarn Ford]] and withdrew to [[Tharbad]] where he was reinforced. But the Númenórean admiral [[Ciryatur]] had sent a fleet up the river Gwathló and Sauron's army was [[Battle of the Gwathló|attacked in the rear and utterly defeated]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> After this war, the Elves were not further troubled by Sauron for a long time. During this time, Gil-galad passed the ring Vilya to Elrond and he appointed Elrond as his vice-regent.<ref name="Galadriel"/>.

When [[Tar-Calion]] captured Sauron and took him to [[Númenor]], the Westlands found peace, and Gil-galad was free to extend his power to the north and south, and east, beyond [[Anduin]].<ref name="Rings"/>

After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], [[Elendil]] and his sons came to Middle-earth and founded the realms of [[Gondor]] in the south and [[Arnor]] in the north. Gondor was soon attacked by Sauron and Elendil's son [[Isildur]] had to flee, and sailed north to his father, where the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] was formed with Gil-galad.
[[File:Maureval - Ereinion Gil-galad.jpg|thumb|Maureval - ''Ereinion Gil-galad'']]
It took several years for the Allies to gather their forces but ultimately they marched on Mordor and defeated a great army in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]]. They broke through [[Cirith Gorgor]] and besieged [[Sauron]]'s [[Barad-dûr|Dark Tower]].

When the siege had lasted for seven years, it became so pressing that Sauron himself sallied forth. By his power the siege was broken and his army advanced to the slopes of [[Orodruin]]. There he was engaged by Elendil and Gil-galad in a single combat. Sauron was defeated but both Gil-galad and Elendil were killed in the act. Gil-galad was the last High King of Noldor. In the scroll he left in [[Minas Tirith]] before riding north, Isildur wrote that Gil-galad was killed by the heat of Sauron's hand.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref>

Gil-galad's weapon was the spear [[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]].

== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==
Gil-galad was originally, and briefly, conceived as a descendant of [[Fëanor]].

Later, and through the writing of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', he was considered a son of [[Finrod Felagund]], until Tolkien decided that Felagund was unmarried and childless.

A marginal note by Tolkien from around this time (the late 1950s) suggested that Gil-galad might be the son of [[Fingon]]. This suggestion was taken up by Tolkien's son and literary executor [[Christopher Tolkien]] in the published version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', which states that Gil-galad is the son of [[Fingon]]. He also edited a line in ''[[Aldarion and Erendis: The Mariner's Wife]]'' which originally referred to Gil-galad as a member of the House of Finarfin to make it consistent with the published ''Silmarillion''. Christopher stated many years later in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'' that this decision to make Gil-galad a son of Fingon was an editorial mistake on his part and did not represent his father's conception of the character. Christopher suggested that it would have been better to have left Gil-galad's parentage obscure.<ref name="PM|XI5">{{PM|XI5}}</ref>

Tolkien's final decision for Gil-galad's parentage appears to have been that he was a son of [[Orodreth]], who was at the same time changed from being a son of [[Finarfin]] to a son of [[Angrod]].<ref name="PM|XI5">{{PM|XI5}}</ref> This conception, however, was never incorporated into the written stories of ''The Silmarillion'', and aspects of it — notably the downgrading of Orodreth into a son of Angrod — would have required considerable reworking of the existing text.

== Etymology ==
''Gil-galad'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, meaning "Star of bright light". The name consists of the elements ''[[gil]]'' ("star") + ''[[galad]]'' ("radiance")<ref name=RGEO>{{RGEO|Notes}}, p. 73</ref>. According to a note this name was given to him because of the brightness of his eyes <ref name="Ruin"/>.

''Gil-galad ''was his [[Amilessë|mother-name]], and it was his preferred name in his youth. His [[father-name]] was '''''Rodnor''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈrodnor]}}), or in [[Quenya]], '''''Artanáro''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˌartaˈnaːro]}}).

As a High King of the Noldor, his [[epessë]] was '''''Ereinion''''', "Scion of Kings" (from ''[[erain]]'' = "kings" and ''[[-ion]]'' = "son").

== Revised genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]]''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]]''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]]''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]]''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]]''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD=[[Finrod]]''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]]''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]]''b. {{FA}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]]''b. {{SA}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]]''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW | |GIL='''GIL-GALAD'''''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL=[[Finduilas]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|ELL=[[Elladan]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ELO=[[Elrohir]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ARW=[[Arwen]]''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

==Portrayals in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Gil-galad.jpg|thumb|Gil-galad in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'']]
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:In the prologue, Gil-galad is shown as one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings|three Elven rings]]. Later, he is present at the [[Siege of Barad-dûr|Battle]] of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] wielding his spear [[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]]. His death is not shown, and he does not take down [[Sauron]]. He is played by [[Mark Ferguson]].

'''2010: ''[[Lego The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''
:Gil-galad appears in the prologue holding one of the Elf-rings. He is also an unlockable character, despite never playing into the storyline. He can be found in a cave in south-west [[Gorgoroth]]. His gear is not accurate, however; he wields an Elven sword (instead of Aeglos) and golden shield in the game, though ''The Fall of Gil-Galad'' describes a silver shield.

== See Also ==
* [[:Category:Images of Gil-galad|Images of Gil-galad]].
{{references|notes}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=noldor
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| born=c. {{FA|455}}
| died={{SA|3441}}
}}
{{seq
| prow=
| pvac=
| prev=[[Turgon]]
| list=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| dates={{FA|510}} - {{SA|3441}}
| next=Title abandoned
| nvac=None
| nrow=
}}
{{seq-end}}
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Fingolfin]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:amilessi]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[de:Gil-galad]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:noldor:gil-galad]]
[[fi:Gil-galad]]

Thingol

2019-06-27T22:02:08Z

72.141.101.237:

{{Cleanup}}
{{sindar infobox
| name=Thingol
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Nauglamir Thingol.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Nauglamir Thingol" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Elwë]] ([[Quenya|Q]]) [[Singollo]] ([[Quenya|Q]]) Elu ([[Sindarin|S]])
| titles=King of the [[Teleri]] [[King of Doriath]] Lord of Beleriand King Greymantle The Hidden King
| position=
| location=[[Doriath]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Doriathrin]] ([[Sindarin]] dialect)
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]
| rule={{YT|1152}} - {{FA|502}} (3,836 years)
| death={{FA|502}}<ref group="note">His death is placed under the year 502 in [[The Grey Annals]], but according to the story introduced into ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' by [[Christopher Tolkien]] it should have rather occurred immediately after the reforging of [[Nauglamír]], while the Sack of Doriath remained in the following year.</ref>
| deathlocation=[[Menegroth]]
| age=Between 4,813 and 4,315 years
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=[[Olwë]] & [[Elmo]]<ref group="note">[[Elmo]] is a later addition by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] and is not in the published ''[[The Silmarillion]]''.</ref><ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>
| spouse=[[Melian]]
| children=[[Lúthien]]; fostered [[Túrin]]
| gender=Male
| height=Tallest of the [[Children of Ilúvatar]]<ref name="Princes">{{S|Princes}}</ref>
| hair=Silver<ref name="Princes"/>
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=[[Aranrúth]]
| steed=
}}
'''Thingol''' ({{IPA|[ˈθiŋɡol]}}), also known as '''Elu''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈelu]}}), was the [[King of Doriath]] and a High King of the Sindar. Known as '''[[Elwë]]''' during the first years of the [[Eldar]], he was the older brother of [[Olwë]] and [[Elmo]]. He was also a good friend of [[Finwë]], [[King of the Noldor]]. His hair was silver and he was the tallest of all Elves and Men.<ref name="Princes">{{S|Princes}}</ref> As the ''de facto'' "Lord of Beleriand", Thingol would become a central figure of the [[First Age]], instigating the [[Quest for the Silmaril]], the greatest victory of the Age, but ultimately the cause of his own doom.

==History==
===Ambassador of the Valar===
Thingol was born at [[Cuiviénen]]<ref group="note">This information is from the ''[[Cuivienyarna]]'', part of ''[[Quendi and Eldar]]'', a late revision of the [[legendarium]] by Tolkien. ''The Silmarillion'' does not clarify whether Elu Thingol ''awoke'' at Cuiviénen or was ''born'' there. See [[Awakening of the Elves]].</ref> in the days before the [[Sun]] and the [[Moon]], when [[Middle-earth]] was lit only by starlight.

After the [[Chaining of Melkor]], the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Oromë]] took three Elves, [[Ingwë]], Finwë, and Elwë, to [[Valinor]] to convince the [[Elves]] to join the Valar in the [[Blessed Realm]]. Upon their return, the Elven ambassadors convinced many to join them on the [[Great Journey]] to the West. During the thousand mile journey, the Elven host separated into three groups, the [[Vanyar]], the [[Noldor]], and the [[Teleri]].<ref>{{S|Captivity}}</ref>

The Teleri, led by Elwë and his brother Olwë, were the largest and the slowest group, and were the last to reach the western shores of [[Middle-earth]]. The Noldorin Elves had already left for Valinor, and the Teleri were forced to wait for a time in Middle-earth.
[[File:Elena Kukanova - Nan Elmoth - Elwe and Melian.jpg|thumb|left|Elena Kukanova - ''Nan Elmoth - Elwe and Melian'']]
During this time Elwë wandered into the [[Nan Elmoth|Forest of Nan Elmoth]], where he met and fell in love with [[Melian]] the [[Maiar|Maia]]. Caught in an enchantment of their own making, Elwë and Melian could not be found by the searching Teleri. When the Valar returned to take the remaining Elves to Valinor, only some of them followed Olwë across the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]]. The rest had come to love the lands of [[Beleriand]] and refused to leave without their missing lord.<ref>{{S|Thingol}}</ref>

===King of Doriath===
[[Image:J.R.R. Tolkien - Elwe Heraldic Device.jpg|100px|thumb|right|Thingol's device by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]]]Over two hundred years passed before Elwë appeared again with his bride Melian, much changed since when last they saw him. While he had been fair and noble before, he now stood like a Maia above them as the tallest of the Children of Ilúvatar. He gathered his people together and founded the Kingdom of [[Doriath]]. His subjects would become the [[Sindar]], or the "Grey Elves", and their language was [[Sindarin]]. From then on Elwë was known as King Elu Thingol, and he claimed lordship over all the lands in Beleriand. While Thingol was King of the Grey Elves, who never saw the light of the [[Two Trees]], as an Ambassador of the Valar he was counted as a [[High Elves|High Elf]], and equal to any lord of the [[Eldar]].<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref><ref name="Princes">{{S|Princes}}</ref>

On Melian's advice, Thingol became an ally of the [[Dwarves]] of [[Belegost]], who carved the caverns of [[Menegroth]] for him. In payment he gave them, along with many other things, the great pearl [[Nimphelos]].<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

A thousand years before the first rising of the Sun and the Moon the [[Green-elves]] entered Beleriand under [[Denethor of the Nandor|Denethor]]. Thingol welcomed them and gave them the lands of [[Ossiriand]], which they named [[Lindon]]. The Green Elves told of the spread of the [[Orcs]] and other foul creatures in the north and east of Middle-earth. The Grey Elves began arming themselves.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

Centuries later [[Melkor]] returned to Middle-earth. Now named Morgoth, he had destroyed the Two Trees, killed Finwë, the King of the Noldor, and stolen the fabled [[Silmarils]]. Seeking to claim dominion quickly, he launched a sudden assault on the lands of the Sindar. The [[First Battle of Beleriand]] went well for Thingol, who prevented any Orcs from invading Doriath, but the Green Elves took horrific losses and the [[Falathrim]] were besieged.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

The Falathrim were finally saved by the unexpected arrival of the Noldor, who launched the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]] ("Battle Under the Stars") in which Morgoth's forces were all but annihilated.<ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref>

===Thingol and the Noldor===
[[File:Elena Kukanova - King of Doriath.jpg|thumb|left|Elena Kukanova - ''King of Doriath'']]
After the First Battle of Beleriand, Doriath was encircled by the [[Girdle of Melian]], an impenetrable fence of enchantment that guarded the kingdom.<ref name="Sindar">{{S|Sindar}}</ref> While his own kingdom was protected, Thingol was still loath to surrender any other lands in Beleriand to the Noldor as he was suspicious of the aggressive new lords in Middle-earth.<ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref>
{{quote|In [[Hithlum]] the Noldor have leave to dwell, and in the highlands of [[Dorthonion]], and in the lands east of Doriath that are empty and wild... for I am the Lord of Beleriand, and all who seek to dwell there shall hear my word.|''[[The Silmarillion]]'', "Of the Return of the Noldor"}}

King Thingol's relations with the Noldor were strained, and grew worse decades later when he learned the truth of the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë]]. Thingol banned the use of [[Quenya]] in his lands, which led to [[Sindarin]] being the common Elven tongue in Middle-earth. The King of Doriath refused to aid the Noldor in the war against Morgoth, and took little part in the ongoing struggle.<ref>{{S|Noldor}}</ref>

===The Quest for the Silmaril===
[[File:Felix Sotomayor - Beren at Thingol's Court.jpg|thumb|Felix Sotomayor - ''Beren at Thingol's Court'']]
Thingol and Melian had one child, a daughter named [[Lúthien]], said to be the fairest woman ever to live. Lúthien fell in love with a [[Men|Man]] named [[Beren]]. Thingol did not wish for the two to wed, as he valued his daughter very highly and disliked Men. As a bride-price he asked for a [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] from the crown of [[Morgoth]], thinking there was no way that Beren could fulfill this demand.<ref name="Beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

However, when Beren and Lúthien came back from [[Angband]], and when Beren showed him his missing hand which still held the Silmaril in the belly of [[Carcharoth]], he softened his heart towards him. Soon, though, Carcharoth in his anguish and rage from the Silmaril that burned his insides, broke through the Girdle of Melian and entered Doriath. In that hour, Thingol, along with Beren, [[Mablung]], [[Beleg]] and [[Huan]] the Hound of Valinor, began the [[Hunting of the Wolf|hunt of the Wolf]]. Carcharoth was finally slain by Huan, but both Huan and Beren died in the process. After that, Lúthien died also, and coming to the [[Halls of Mandos]] she begged [[Mandos]] that Beren be returned to life. However, it was beyond the power of Mandos to withhold the souls of Men from going beyond the [[Circles of the World]].<ref name="Beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

Therefore, [[Ilúvatar]], through [[Manwë]], offered her and Beren to live again, but with Lúthien sharing the [[Gift of Men]]. She agreed, and they both came back to life, and lived the remainder of their lives at [[Tol Galen]], far from the sight of any other mortals.<ref name="Beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

===Fostering of Túrin===
Thingol adopted as a son a young Man named [[Túrin]], son of [[Húrin]] and akin to Beren himself, who was sent to Doriath when he was seven years old.<ref>{{CH|4}}</ref> When he grew up, he was permitted to join Beleg Cúthalion on the marches of Doriath, fighting the Orcs of Morgoth.<ref name="Turin">{{S|Turin}}</ref><ref>{{CH|5}}</ref>

Túrin accidentally caused the death of [[Saeros]], one of Thingol's counselors who had provoked and attacked him. Before he could be either punished or forgiven he fled. Thingol however gave Beleg a leave to seek out his friend, who in the meantime had joined a [[Gaurwaith|band of outlaws]].<ref>{{CH|6}}</ref> Telling to Thingol that Túrin did not wish to return, Thingol allowed Beleg to go and join his friend and gave him the black sword [[Anglachel]] that [[Eöl]] had forged and given to Thingol<ref>{{S|Maeglin}}</ref> in tribute.<ref name="Turin">{{S|Turin}}</ref>

===The Nauglamír and Thingol's Doom===
[[File:Henning Janssen - Nauglamir and the Doom of Thingol.jpg|thumb|left|[[Henning Janssen]] - ''Nauglamir and the Doom of Thingol'']]
Some time after Túrin's tragic death, Húrin, Túrin's father and now an old man, was allowed to enter Menegroth with a band of outlaws, where in anger he threw the [[Nauglamír]], the treasure of [[Nargothrond]] before King Thingol and 'thanked' him for aiding his son. This infuriated the outlaws, who tried to take the gold back but were killed by Thingol's guards.<ref>{{LT2|IV}}</ref> Melian finally pierced through Húrin's madness and grief; shamed by his actions, he left Menegroth a broken man.<ref name="Doriath">{{S|Doriath}}</ref>

At that time a desire came into Thingol's heart to take the Nauglamír and place the Silmaril in it, thus melding together two of the greatest creations made by the Elves and the [[Dwarves]]. He hired some [[Dwarves of Nogrod|Dwarven craftsmen]] to do it for him. But by the time the Dwarves were finished they had become obsessed with the Nauglamír and asked for it as a payment for their labor. This infuriated Thingol, who had also grown obsessed with the jewelry and refused to give it as a payment, realizing they were coveting the Silmaril. The Dwarves were angered by his harsh words, and killed him. This led to the [[Battle of the Thousand Caves|sacking of Menegroth]] and the eventual [[Second Kinslaying|destruction of Doriath]], which scattered its people.<ref name="Doriath">{{S|Doriath}}</ref>

==Etymology==
His [[epessë]] (honorary name) was ''Thingol'' (''[[thind]]'' "grey" and ''[[coll]]'' "mantle") which means "Greycloak".<ref name=Thingol>{{S|Thingol}}</ref>

{{Pronounce|Elwe Singollo.mp3|Ardamir}}
[[Quenya]] tradition names him ''[[Elwë]]'' and ''[[Singollo]]'', for the [[Noldor]] pronounced his epessë as '''Singollo''' (pron. {{IPA|[siŋˈɡolːo]}}).

His first name, Elwë, means "star-man" and contains ''[[el]]'' and ''[[-we]]''.

'''Elwë Þindicollo''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈelwe ˌθindiˈkolːo]}}) or '''Sindicollo''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˌsindiˈkolːo]}}) was the ancient name of King [[Thingol]]; when he settled in [[Doriath]] with [[Melian]], he took the [[Sindarin]] form of his name, [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]].

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | HOB | | MEL |y| ELW | | OLW | | ELM |HOB=[[House of Bëor]]|MEL=[[Melian]]|ELW='''THINGOL''' ''{{YT}} - {{FA|502}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]] ''{{YT}} -''|ELM=[[Elmo]]}}
{{familytree | |:| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | BER |~|y|~| LUT | | | | | | | | | | |BER=[[Beren]] ''{{FA|432}} - {{FA|503|n}}''|LUT=[[Lúthien]] ''{{YT|1200}} - {{FA|503}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | DIO | | | | | | | | | | | | | |DIO=[[Dior]] ''{{FA|470}} - {{FA|506|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==See Also==
* [[:Category:Images of Thingol|Images of Thingol]]

{{references|note}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=sindar
| house=
| died={{FA|502}}
}}
{{seq
| prev=Position established
| pvac=None
| list=1st [[King of Doriath]]
| dates={{YT|1152}} – {{FA|502}}
| next=[[Dior]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Children of Húrin]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Thingol| ]]
[[Category:Quest for the Silmaril]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindar]]

War of Wrath

2019-06-27T03:22:40Z

72.141.101.237:

{{expansion}}
{{sources}}
{{battle
| name=War of Wrath
| image=[[File:Per Sjögren - War of Wrath.jpg|300px]]
| conflict=[[War of Wrath]]
| date={{FA|545}} - {{FA|587|n}}
| place=[[Beleriand]]
| result=Decisive victory for the [[Host of the Valar]], drowning of [[Beleriand]], expulsion of [[Morgoth]] from Arda
| side1=[[Host of the North]]
| side2=[[Host of the Valar]]
| commanders1=
* {{Morgoth blazon}}
* {{Sauron blazon}}
* [[Ancalagon]] †
| commanders2=
* {{Eärendil blazon}}
* {{Finarfin blazon}}
* [[Ingwion]]<ref group="note"> According to certain sources, it was [[Ingwion]] who led the [[Vanyar]] to [[Middle-earth]], sailing across the [[Great Sea]] and landing at [[Eglarest]], where he defeated the [[Orcs]] who held the Haven. In the published ''[[Silmarillion]]'', Ingwion has disappeared, and only [[Finarfin]] is named as a leader of the armies of the [[Elves]]. In volume IV of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', [[Christopher Tolkien]] suggests that this omission may have been an error, and Ingwiel should have remained in the text as joint commander of the [[Elves of Valinor]].</ref><ref>{{LR|P2VI}}</ref>
* [[Eönwë]]
* [[Thorondor]]
| forces1="great beyond count"<ref name="Earendil">{{S|24}}</ref>
| forces2= Extremely vast
| casual1=Virtually entire force
| casual2=Severe
|}}

The '''War of Wrath''', or the '''Great Battle''', was the final [[Wars of Beleriand|conflict]] against [[Morgoth]] at the end of the [[First Age]], and the greatest war ever fought in all of [[Middle-earth]].

==History==
=== Prelude ===
500 years into the [[First Age]], [[Morgoth]] had become mighty in [[Middle-earth]]; the Noldor had all but fallen, and the Elves and Men of Middle-earth were captured in droves by Morgoth, enslaved in the pits of Angband. Following the [[Fall of Gondolin|Siege of Gondolin]], almost all of the Noldor's influential figures had been slain, though a handful of survivors protected by [[Ulmo]] had escaped. Among them was the mariner [[Eärendil]], wearing the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] on his brow, and he came to [[Valinor]], the first with mortal blood to set foot there. He begged the [[Valar]] to help the enslaved [[Elves]] and [[Men]] of [[Middle-earth]] and to liberate them from Morgoth's tyranny.

The [[Valar]] were moved by [[Eärendil]]'s plea, and along with the [[Vanyar]] and [[Noldor]] that were in [[Valinor]], riding in the ships of the [[Falmari]], came to [[Middle-earth]] in a mighty host. Still bitter about the [[First Kinslaying]], the [[Teleri]] did not participate in the war. The Host marched across [[Beleriand]], and met the forces of [[Morgoth]] in the plains of [[Anfauglith]].<ref name="Earendil">{{S|24}}</ref>

=== The Great Battle ===
The massive hosts of Valinor and of Morgoth met in the Beleriand region, which was subsequently destroyed by the colossal exchanges of power from the combatants. The arrayed armies of Morgoth were uncountable, and the mountains rang underneath the boots of the Valar; the entire North was aflame with war. The Host of Valinor initially landed and drove Morgoth's Orcs from the shores of Beleriand, and as they marched forward they were halted at the [[Sirion|River Sirion]], and for nearly forty years the Host of Valinor and the Host of Morgoth contested that river and the region bitterly, heavy losses to both as the Valarian forces struggled to secure a foothold and passage into Morgoth's lands.

Over the course of these four decades, however, the Valar eventually pushed over the Sirion and drove Morgoth's forces back; they and their allies ultimately destroyed the [[Balrogs]], all save a few who fled and hid themselves in the depths of the earth, and the armies of the [[Orcs]] perished like straw in a great fire or leaves before a hot wind. While the [[Edain#The Three Houses|Three Houses of the Edain]] fought with the Valar, many other Men fought and died alongside Morgoth, which led to their scorn by the Elves. As the War carried into its final years, Morgoth faced defeat, and unleashed his ultimate weapon, the winged [[Dragons]] of Angband, which had never been seen before by the Valar. The Valar were taken by surprise and overcome by the devastation the dragons brought, and were driven back across the region. The leader of these dragons was [[Ancalagon|Ancalagon the Black]], the largest and most powerful dragon in the history of Arda, and the damage his dragon horde inflicted on the Valar was grievous. The skies erupted with lightning and flame at the dragons' arrival, and Morgoth's hosts repulsed the Valarian forces, pushing them away from Angband.

As the situation grew dire for the Valar, [[Eärendil]] came with his sky-ship [[Vingilótë|Vingilot]], along with great flocks of birds and the [[Eagles]], and they fought the dragons. In the end Eärendil slew Ancalagon, the mightiest of the dragon horde, after a fight lasting a full twenty-four hours. Ancalagon broke the towers of [[Thangorodrim]] in his fall. With Ancalagon slain, the Valar morale was renewed, and they retook the ground that had been lost and ultimately slew the remainder of Morgoth's dragons. With them, the majority of Morgoth's other forces were soon defeated, survivors driven to the depths of the world and to places underground even the Valar could not access. Soon Morgoth's power was dispersed entirely, and Angband alone remained his only possession.

Morgoth fled to the deepest dungeons of Angband, where he was caught. By this point, Morgoth's power had weakened considerably, and rather than challenge his foes, he demanded peace and parley, but his feet were hewn from under him and Morgoth fell upon the floor. He was bound with his old chain Angainor; the two Silmarils still in his possession were taken by the Maia [[Eönwë]] and guarded (whence they were later stolen by [[Maedhros]] and [[Maglor]]). In the end the Valar thrust him "through the [[Door of Night]], beyond the [[Walls of the World]], into the [[The Void|Timeless Void]]", where he remains until the [[Last Battle]] and the Day of Doom. Only then shall he be utterly destroyed.<ref name="Earendil">{{S|24}}</ref>
[[File:John Howe - The Door of Night.jpg|left|200px|thumb|left|[[John Howe]] - ''The Doors of Night'']]

=== Aftermath ===
Countless slaves were freed from Morgoth's dungeons after his defeat and they looked upon a world that had changed greatly, for the fury of both sides in the War had wreaked havoc on much of the land. The northern areas were torn asunder, rivers formed or destroyed, mountains and hills changed. The wreckage of the war was immense indeed; most of the land west of the [[Ered Luin]], as well as a large part of the central part of the mountains, was laid waste and soon after sank beneath the waves. The two great Dwarf cities of [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]] were also ruined, forcing their populaces to flee. Most of the Elves went to the West, while others went East. The Valar raised up the island of [[Númenor]] in the Western Sea as a new home for the [[Edain]]. Morgoth's defeat here was not total, however; his chief lieutenant [[Sauron]], survived, and surrendered to the Valar in fear of them. When ordered to return to [[Valinor]], Sauron instead fled and hid deep in [[Middle-earth]], where he would later rise once more to carry on the will of his master. The terrible destruction of the War of Wrath convinced the Valar to avoid direct intervention in [[Middle-earth]] for the sake of Men and Elves. As a result, Sauron would rise to great power and prove a devastating opponent for the free peoples there for the next two Ages. As with the [[Siege of Utumno]], the Valar were not omniscient, and either lacked the knowledge or strength to pursue every one of Morgoth's creatures. Along with Sauron, some creatures of Morgoth escaped, and would live on in Middle-earth.<ref name="Earendil">{{S|24}}</ref><ref>{{S|V}}</ref>

{{notes}}
{{references}}

==External link==
*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2012/10/10/how-was-beleriand-destroyed-in-the-war-of-wrath/ How was Beleriand destroyed in the War of Wrath?] by [[Michael Martinez]] - A speculation on how the War destroyed the western lands
{{warsofbeleriand}}

[[Category:Conflicts of the First Age]]
[[de:Krieg des Zorns]]
[[fi:Vihan Sota]]
[[fr:encyclo/evenements/1a/guerres/guerre_de_la_grande_colere]]

Ingwion

2019-06-26T03:44:12Z

72.141.101.237:

{{vanyar infobox
| name=Ingwion
| image=[[File:Karolina Węgrzyn - Ingwion.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Ingwion" by [[Karolina Węgrzyn]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Ingil; Ingwiel
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Taniquetil]]
| affiliation=[[Host of the Valar]]
| language=[[Vanyarin]] dialect of [[Quenya]]
| birth=During the [[Years of the Trees]]
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=Leading the [[Vanyar]] in the [[War of Wrath]]
| house=
| parentage=[[Ingwë]]
| siblings=Unnamed siblings<ref>{{MR|P3II6}}</ref>
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Ingwion''' was a son of [[Ingwë]], and a cousin of [[Indis]], the wife of [[Finwë]].

== History ==
Ingwion led the armed Host of the [[Vanyar]] to the [[Middle-earth]] and the [[War of Wrath]] that overthrew [[Morgoth]] at the end of the [[First Age]].<ref>{{LR|P2VI}}</ref>

Ingwion was the captain of the force that landed and captured the haven of [[Eglarest]] in the first battle of the war.<ref>{{LR|P2VI}}</ref>

He still lives with his father upon [[Taniquetil]].<ref>{{LR|P2III}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
'''Ingwion'''<ref>{{WJ|P2}}</ref> is a compound of the name of his father ''Ingwë'' and the [[Quenya]] patronymic suffix ''[[-ion]]'' which is translated as "Son of Ingwë".

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | UNF |y| UNK | | ING | | | | |ING=[[Ingwë]]''b. {{YT}}''|UNK=''unknown mother''|UNF=''unknown father''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |)|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | MÍR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | INW | | CHI |FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|MÍR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|CHI=''unknown children''|INW='''INGWION''' ''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | FËA | | FND | | FNG | | IRI | | FNR |FËA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FND=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRI=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNR=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==
'''Ingil''' (as was his name in the earlier stages of development) was the son of [[Ingwë#Other versions of the legendarium|Inwë]] in the [[The Book of Lost Tales (disambiguation)|Book of Lost Tales]]. He was among the [[Elves]] who came to [[Tol Eressea]]. He rested upon [[Kôr]] with other Elves and built a tall grey tower. The dwelling was called Koromas, but was later known as [[Kortirion]], in memory of their ancient dwelling of Kôr in [[Valinor]] which also upon a hill and had a similar tower.<ref>{{LT1|I}}</ref><ref>{{HM|LT2}}</ref>

[[Meril-i-Turinqi]] said that long ago he returned to Valinor and is with [[Manwe]].<ref>{{LT1|In}}</ref> He became a blue bee to follow [[Telimektar]] and is seen among the [[stars]] as [[Nielluin]] (Sirius).<ref>{{LT1|VIIIn}}</ref>

In later versions of the ''Silmarillion'', this character is named '''Ingwiel''' in most of the references, and in at least one instance he is mention to lead the Valinorean [[Noldor]] to the War, instead of [[Finarfin]].<ref>{{LR|P2VI}}</ref> Only in one of his last references his name was altered to '''Ingwion''',<ref>{{WJ|Last}}</ref> which is used in this article.

{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Vanyar]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/vanyar/ingwion]]
[[fi:Ingwion]]

Ingwë

2019-06-26T03:43:21Z

72.141.101.237:

{{vanyar infobox
| name=Ingwë
| image=[[File:Alice Falto - Ingwe.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Ingwe" by [[:Category:Images by Alice Falto|Alice Falto]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[High King of the Elves]] King of the [[Vanyar]]
| position=
| location=[[Taniquetil]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Vanyarin]] dialect of [[Quenya]]
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]<ref name="GA">{{GA|3}}</ref>
| rule=From {{YT|1105}}
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=[[Indis]]<ref name=Earliest/> or unnamed sister (mother of [[Indis]])<ref name=Shib>{{PM|Shibboleth}}</ref>
| spouse=
| children=Unnamed children<ref name=Earliest/>, including [[Ingwion]]<ref>{{LR|P2III}}</ref>
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Ingwë''' ({{IPA|[ˈiŋʷɡʷe]}}) was the King of the [[Vanyar]] in [[Valinor]] and was reckoned as [[High King of the Elves|High King of all the Elves]].<ref name=princes/>

==History==
The first [[Elves]] awoke in [[Middle-earth]] near the bay of the [[Sea of Helcar]], called [[Cuiviénen]], in {{YT|1050}}<ref name="Annals">{{MR|P2e}}, pp. 71-4</ref>. [[Oromë]], The Huntsman of the [[Valar]], while traveling near the [[Orocarni]] mountains, discovered the Elves and bonded friendship with their kin.

Ingwë was one of the [[Minyar]] born at [[Cuiviénen]]. When [[Oromë]] found the [[Quendi]] and invited them to [[Aman]], Ingwë with [[Finwë]] and [[Elwë Singollo|Elwë]] followed him as ambassadors and travelled to the Blessed Realm. When they returned, they told their peoples about its beauty and bliss and became their leaders during the [[Great March]]. Ingwë was the leader of the [[Vanyar]], the foremost of the clans to follow Oromë, who were the most eager to reach the [[West]], which they did quickly.

After the [[Great Journey]], Ingwë never returned or set eyes upon [[Middle-earth]] again.<ref>{{S|3}}</ref> He lived in [[Tirion]], in the tower called [[Mindon Eldaliéva]], but then he went to [[Taniquetil]] at the feet of [[Manwe]].<ref name=princes>{{S|5}}</ref>

[[Indis]], the second wife of [[Finwe]], was of his close kin.<ref>{{S|6}}</ref>
==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Ingwe.mp3|Ardamir}}
In the [[The Etymologies|''Etymologies'']], ''Ingwë'' is said to be a compound of ''[[inga|ing]]'' ("first") + the ending ''[[-wë|-we]]'' ([[Quenya]] "man").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, pp. 361, 398 (roots ING and WEG)</ref>

His name also identified the Vanyar, who also called themselves ''Ingwer''; based on the root of his name ''inga'' ([[Q.]]) meaning 'top, highest point'. Their king's proper title was ''Ingwë Ingweron'', "Chief of the chieftains".<ref name=Finwe/>{{rp|340}}

*See also: [[Vanyar#Other Versions of the Legendarium|''Ingwi'']] and [[Vanyar#Names|''Ingwer'']]

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
In early versions of [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien's]] [[legendarium]] (see ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'') Ingwë's name was '''''Inwë'''''.

In part one of ''[[The Lost Tales]]'', "Inwë, referred to in ''[[The Cottage of Lost Play]]'' as 'King of all the Eldar when they dwelt in [[Kôr]]', is the forerunner of Ingwë King of the Vanyar Elves in ''The Silmarillion''." Inwë's son was named as [[Ingil]].<ref>{{LT1|In}}</ref>{{rp|26}}

In drafts for his character, Ingwë had a sister, which would imply that he was not an unbegotten elf and instead a child born from one of the pairings of the original fourteen or their early descendants as the [[Minyar]] clan grew. In ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', [[Indis]] is the daughter of King Ingwë's unnamed sister.<ref name=Finwe>{{PM|Finwe}}</ref>{{rp|343}} In ''[[Morgoth's Ring]]'', Indis was written as the sister of Ingwë.<ref>{{MR|P3II4}}</ref>{{rp|261}}

The children of Ingwë and his spouse are not mentioned in ''The Silmarillion''. However, in the words of an early story of Finwë, he said, "'Ingwë and Olwë beget many children in the bliss of Aman.'"<ref name=Earliest>{{MR|P3II2}}</ref>{{rp|206}} And, in that same story, it noted again that Indis was the sister of Ingwë.<ref name=Earliest/>{{rp|207}}

In these early works, while the other clans are noted as the followers or the people of their leader, only the Vanyar are called "The Children of Ingwë" among other poetic names.<ref>{{MR|P3I3}}</ref>{{rp|164}}

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | UNF |y| UNK | | ING | | | | |ING='''INGWË'''''b. {{YT}}''|UNK=''unknown mother''|UNF=''unknown father''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | MÍR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | CHI | | | | |FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|MÍR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|CHI=''unknown children''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | FËA | | FND | | FNG | | IRI | | FNR |FËA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FND=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRI=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNR=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=vanyar
| house=
| born=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=Position created
| list=King of the [[Vanyar]]
| dates=From {{YT|1105}}
| nvac=Incumbent
| next=
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=Position created
| list=[[High King of the Elves]]
| dates=From {{YT|1105}}
| nvac=Incumbent
| next=
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingwe}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[Category:Vanyar]]
[[Category:Rulers]]
[[de:Ingwe]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/vanyar/ingwe]]
[[fi:Ingwë]]

Finwë

2019-06-26T02:37:29Z

72.141.101.237:

{{noldor infobox
| name=Finwë
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Finwe.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Finwe" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''[[Finwë#Other names and titles|Ñoldóran]]''
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| position=
| location=[[Tirion]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Common Eldarin]] and [[Quenya]]
| birth=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}
| birthlocation=[[Cuiviénen]]
| rule={{YT|1105}} - {{YT|1495|n}}
| death={{YT|1495}}
| deathlocation=[[Formenos]]
| age=between 445/4,293 and 393/3,765 [[Years of the Sun|years]]
| notablefor=
| house=Founded the [[House of Finwë]]
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]][[Indis]]
| children=[[Fëanor]] (by Míriel)[[Findis]], [[Fingolfin]], [[Írimë]] and [[Finarfin]] (by Indis)
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=Black
| eyes=Bright blue-grey<ref name="Eyes">{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 357, note 17</ref>
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}{{Pronounce|Finwe Noldoran.mp3|Ardamir}}
<center>{{quote|But Melkor was also there, and he came to the house of Fëanor and there he slew Finwë King of the Noldor before his doors, and spilled the first blood in the Blessed Realm; for Finwë alone had not fled from the horror of the Dark. |''[[The Silmarillion]]'', [[Of the Flight of the Noldor]]}}</center>
'''Finwë''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. [[Noldorin|N]] {{IPA|[ˈfinwe]}}, [[Vanyarin|V]] {{IPA|[ˈɸinwe]}}) was the first [[High King of the Noldor]], who led his people on the journey from Middle-earth to [[Valinor]] in the blessed realm of [[Aman]]. He was a great friend of [[Thingol|Elwë]], who would later become the [[King of Doriath]].

==History==
===Life in Middle-earth===
The first [[Elves]] awoke in [[Middle-earth]] near the bay of the [[Sea of Helcar]], called [[Cuiviénen]], in {{YT|1050}}<ref name="Annals">{{MR|P2e}}, pp. 71-4</ref>. [[Oromë]], The Huntsman of the [[Valar]], while traveling near the [[Orocarni]] mountains, discovered the Elves and bonded friendship with their kin.

Later, as the Valar decided to call the first Children of [[Ilúvatar]] in Valinor, regarding this call with suspicion, Oromë selected three elves to follow him into Aman and report back what they have seen, in the hopes that they could assuage the fears which were seeded into the hearts of the elves by [[Morgoth|Melkor]]. The three elven ambassadors were [[Ingwë]], Finwë and [[Thingol|Elwë]], who would later become kings of the three factions into which the elven race was split.<ref name=S3>{{S|3}}</ref>

Enamored by the wonders of Valinor, Finwë and his other two companions returned towards the Middle-earth and attempted to convince their respective peoples to follow them back into Aman. Those who agreed to follow Oromë received the name [[Eldar]]. Among them were Finwë's people, who would eventually become known as the [[Noldor]]. They later became students of [[Aulë]] the Smith.<ref name=S3/> Finwë's eldest son, [[Fëanor]], would become the greatest craftsman among the Elves of Valinor.<ref name=S5/>

===Life in Valinor ===
[[Image:J.R.R. Tolkien - Finwe Heraldic Device.jpg|thumb|125px|Finwë's Heraldic Device]]
Upon arriving in the blessed realm of Aman, Finwë was troubled only by the separation from his friend [[Thingol|Elwë]] who chose to remain in [[Beleriand]]. The Noldor settled on the hill of [[Túna]], raised for them by the Valar and, led by Finwë, they lived in the city of [[Tirion]], which they shared with the [[Vanyar]]. It was during the building of Finwë's house that the masons found the earth-gems from which they crafted countless jewels to be given freely for the enrichment of Valinor. Later, Ingwë and his people left the city of Tirion and Finwë remained the only king to rule in Tirion.<ref name=S5>{{S|5}}</ref>

Finwë's first wife was [[Míriel|Míriel Serindë]], skilled in all things that required fineness. From their love a son was born, [[Fëanor|Curufinwë]], who would later become known as Fëanor. As he was brought into the world, he depleted Míriel's strength and zest for life and she requested to be allowed to rest in the gardens of [[Irmo|Lórien]]. Finwë was deeply saddened by this event. He did not wish to leave the young child without a mother, nor did he want him to be their last. But as his wife explained that what would have nourished many children, was all invested in Fëanor, he had no other choice but to accept her request. And thus Míriel, with [[Manwë]]'s counsel, was placed asleep in Irmo's gardens. Her [[fëa]] eventually departed from her body and she became the first person to die in Aman.<ref name=S6>{{S|6}}</ref>
[[File:Steamey - Finwë Mourning Míriel.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Finwë Mourning Míriel'']]
This was a shocking event for all those present in Valinor, as never one of their own had died of free will. For some time, Finwë lived in sorrow and he often visited Míriel's body, but as his loneliness and lack of joy increased, he stopped seeing her altogether. His entire love now rested with his son, Fëanor, who grew up to be mighty and skilled in all things of hands and mind. He married [[Nerdanel]] and gave Finwë [[Sons of Fëanor|seven grandchildren]].

But Finwë was not content in living alone and he sought to marry for the second time. His second wife was [[Indis|Indis the Fair]], a golden haired [[Vanya]], whom he loved and rejoiced in. She gave him two sons, [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters, [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]]<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, ''The names of Finwë's descendants''</ref>. Though he was now blissful again, the shadow of Míriel never left the House, especially since Fëanor opposed his father's second marriage.

The sons of Finwë never lived together and never shared close bonds. After the later events surrounding the [[Silmarils]] many blamed Finwë and his desire to have a second wife for the dreadful future misfortune of all those of his House. These accusations had no real merit, as Finwë had always loved his eldest son above all others, and the events surrounding his death would prove it.

===Death===
After three ages of imprisonment, Melkor was released from the duress of [[Halls of Mandos|Mandos]] and, as he gained the trust of the Valar again, he was eventually allowed to roam freely in Valinor.<ref name=S6>{{S|6}}</ref> The treacherous Melkor lusted for the Silmarils, those three great jewels made by the hands of Fëanor, at the might of his skill, and ever he sought a way to steal them. He had sown such lies that all the Noldor began to feel strife and mistrust, against themselves, against the other Elves, and even against the Valar.

The [[House of Finwë]] was no exception. There were already grounds of argument between his sons, and these events only served to deepen these rifts. Finwë called a council and tried to moderate them towards one another. For the moment, his action seemed to be crowned with success, as Fingolfin bowed before Finwë, both privately and publically, to silence the mistrust and arguments he had in regards to his eldest brother. Soon after that the Valar called Fëanor to answer for his words against them. The stem of the evil was exposed and Melkor's covert actions revealed. However, Fëanor too was sentenced to twelve years of exile, and he removed himself north, to the fortress of [[Formenos]]. Due to the great love he had for his eldest son, Finwë renounced his throne as the King of the Noldor and followed Fëanor into exile.<ref>{{S|Unrest}}</ref>

In his fixation to have the Silmarils for himself, Melkor went as far as to claim them at the gates of Formenos. He was fiercely rejected by Fëanor, while Finwë sent messengers to Manwë. It was during a time of festival, that Melkor returned. All the people of Valinor were engaged in the festivities except Finwë, who, out of devotion for Fëanor and bitterness for his son's exile, chose to remain in Formenos, thus refusing to obey Manwë's call.<ref>{{S|Darkening}}</ref> After Melkor and [[Ungoliant]] destroyed the [[Two Trees of Valinor]], they headed towards Formenos. Alone Finwë had the courage to stand before the horror of the Darkness. There, before the doors of Formenos, the former King of the Noldor had been killed and the first blood was spilled in the realm of Aman. Melkor forcefully entered the fortress and stole the Silmarils, sending the Blessed Realm into darkness and causing the Noldor to depart from Valinor.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref>

After his death, Finwë dwelt for a time in the Halls of Mandos where he met Míriel, his first wife. Later, when the Valar agreed that Finwë should be brought back to life, he instead decided not to, thus giving Míriel a chance to be reincarnated.<ref>{{MR|P3II2}}, p. 207</ref>

==Etymology==
The name ''Finwë'' is said to be one of the oldest recorded names of the Eldar. It is not certain if ''Finwë'' had any clear meaning, but it can be analyzed as ''fin-'' (derived from [[Common Eldarin]] PHIN "hair") + ''[[-wë]]'' (suffix generally used for male names).<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 340</ref>

The title '''''Ñoldóran''''', "King of the Ñoldor", was an other recorded name of Finwë.<ref>{{PM|Shibboleth}}, p. 343</ref> It is apparently a compound of ''[[Noldo]]'' and ''[[aran]]'' ("king").<ref>{{webcite|website=Arda|author=[[Helge Fauskanger]]|articlename=Quettaparma Quenyallo|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/quen-eng.htm}}</ref>

== Genealogy ==
Finwë had two wives. His first was [[Míriel]], who passed away soon after bearing their only child: [[Fëanor]]. His second wife was [[Indis]], of the [[Vanyar]], who bore him two sons: [[Fingolfin]] and [[Finarfin]], and two daughters: [[Findis]] and [[Írimë]].

 
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|.| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | UNF |y| UNK | | ING | | | | |ING=[[Ingwë]]''b. {{YT}}''|UNK=''unknown mother''|UNF=''unknown father''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | MÍR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | CHI | | | | |FIN='''FINWË'''''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|MÍR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|CHI=''unknown children''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | | | FËA | | FND | | FNG | | IRI | | FNR |FËA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FND=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRI=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNR=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
 

== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==

In the first drafts of the genealogy, Finwë had four sons: the youngest was named ''[[Finrun]]'', but he was dropped after that, thus [[Finrod]] (later [[Finarfin]]) was Finwë's youngest son from then on.

In a later version, Finwë had three daughters by [[Indis]]: [[Findis]] (as their first child), [[Faniel]] (as their third), and [[Finvain]] (as their youngest).<ref>{{PM|XI}}, p. 359 note 26</ref> In yet later versions, Faniel was apparently dropped, while Findis and Finvain were kept. Finvain (renamed [[Írimë]]) was moved to after Fingolfin, thus Finarfin was once again the youngest child of Finwë.

{{references}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=noldor
|house=[[House of Finwë]]
|born=Between {{YT|1050}} and {{YT|1102|n}}
|died={{YT|1495}}
}}
{{seq
|pvac=None
|prev=Position created
|list=[[High King of the Noldor]]
|dates={{YT|1105}} – {{YT|1495}}
|next=[[Fëanor]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Finwe}}
[[Category:Characters in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:House of Finwë]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]

[[de:Finwe]]
[[fi:Finwë]]
[[fr:/encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/finwe]]

Oropher

2019-06-24T20:18:42Z

72.141.101.237:

{{sindar infobox
| name=Oropher
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Oropher.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Oropher" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=King of the Silvan Elves King of the [[Woodland Realm]]
| position=
| location=[[Doriath]]<ref name="Princes">{{UT|6b}}</ref> [[Woodland Realm]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]
| language=[[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish|Silvan]]
| birth=Before {{FA|507}}<ref name="Princes"/>
| birthlocation=[[Doriath]]
| rule={{SA|750}} - {{SA|3434}}
| death={{SA|3434}}
| deathlocation=[[Battle of Dagorlad]]
| age=3101+
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=[[Thranduil]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}'''Oropher''' was a [[Sindar]]in [[Elves|Elf]] of [[Doriath]]<ref name="Princes"/> who became the King of the [[Nandor|Silvan Elves]] of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]] (which would later come to be called Mirkwood) during the [[Second Age]]. He was killed during the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] and succeeded by his son, the Elvenking [[Thranduil]]. He was thus the grandfather of the only [[Elven]] member of the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], [[Legolas]].

==History==
Oropher was one of the [[Iathrim]] who spent his early life in [[Doriath]].<ref name="Princes"/> Following the destruction of [[Beleriand]] and the [[War of Wrath]], most of the [[Noldor]]in exiles and remnants of the Sindar retreated to [[Lindon]]. The [[Valar]] reinvited these Elves to [[Aman]], but Oropher, among many others, was unwilling and remained in Lindon.<ref name="Princes"/>

===Move to Greenwood the Great===
Many of the Sindar left [[Lindon]] and travelled eastward, before the building of the [[Barad-dûr]] in {{SA|1000}}.<ref name="AppB">{{App|B}}</ref> Oropher is first recorded in this event, when he and his son, [[Thranduil]], arrived, in {{SA|750}}, in [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].<ref>{{PM|Second}}</ref> Oropher was taken by the [[Silvan Elves]] as their lord and founded the [[Woodland Realm]].<ref name="Princes"/>

The Silvan Elves, who originally lived in the south of Greenwood, accepted Oropher as their King, who ruled from his capital on [[Amon Lanc]]. Over the course of the [[Second Age]] they gradually moved north to live around the [[Emyn Duir]].<ref name="Princes" />

===War of the Last Alliance===
Despite the Silvan Elves' hostility towards the [[Dwarves]] and the Noldor - and their desire to stay away from the affairs of the rest of the world - Oropher could see the danger that [[Sauron]] posed, and that his defeat would bring about peace in [[Middle-earth]]. He thus joined the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], summoning a large army which joined with [[Amdír]]'s smaller force of [[Galadhrim|Lórien Elves]] to create a singular, great host of Silvan Elves.<ref name="Princes" />

The Silvan Elves were strong and brave, but despite having poor armour and weapons in comparison with the [[Noldor]], Amdír and Oropher were unwilling to submit to the supreme command of [[Gil-galad]] and as such they suffered heavy losses in the [[War of the Last Alliance]]. In the very first assault upon [[Mordor]] Oropher and other brave and hasty Elves rushed forward before Gil-galad gave the signal to charge. Oropher himself was killed soon afterwards, whilst two-thirds of his army perished throughout the course of the war. Upon Sauron's defeat the remnants of the army returned to Greenwood under the command of his son, Thranduil.<ref name="Princes" />

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| ORO |ORO='''OROPHER''' ''d. {{SA|3434}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| |}}
{{familytree| THR |THR=[[Thranduil]] ''Unknown''}}
{{familytree| |!| |}}
{{familytree| LEG |LEG=[[Legolas]] ''Sailed West {{FoA|120}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
==Etymology==
Oropher came from [[Doriath]] - indicating that the name could be [[Sindarin]] or [[Doriathrin]] dialect - but:

{{blockquote|Oropher had come among them with only a handful of Sindar, and they were soon merged with the Silvan Elves, adopting their language and taking names of Silvan form and style. This they did deliberately;|{{UT|Galadriel}}}}

The name probably means 'tall beech-tree'<ref name="EOA">[http://www.glyphweb.com/arda The Encyclopedia of Arda], "[http://www.glyphweb.com/arda/o/oropher.html Oropher]", dated 21 April 2003 (accessed [[13 January|January 13]], [[2011]])</ref> from '''oro''' meaning 'high' and '''fêr''' meaning 'beech'.<ref name="Thains">[http://www.tuckborough.net/ The Thain's Book], "[http://www.tuckborough.net/elves.html#Oropher Elves of Middle-earth#Oropher]" (accessed [[13 January|January 13]], [[2011]])</ref>

==See Also==
* [[Amdír]] (and his son [[Amroth]])
* [[Elves of Mirkwood]]
* [[Woodland Realm]]

{{references}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=sindar}}
{{seq
| prev=Unknown
| list=King of the Silvan Elves
| dates={{SA|750}} - {{SA|3434}}
| next=[[Thranduil]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Sindar]]
[[de:Oropher]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/teleri/sindar/oropher]]
[[fi:Oropher]]

Celebrimbor

2019-03-17T02:14:48Z

72.141.101.237: /* The Rings of Power */

{{noldor infobox
| name=Celebrimbor
| image=[[File:Angus McBride - Celebrimbor.gif|250px]]
| caption="Celebrimbor" by [[Angus McBride]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''[[Telperinquar]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]])
| titles=Lord of Eregion
| position=
| location=[[Nargothrond]]; [[Eregion]]
| affiliation=[[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]]
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=During the [[First Age]], before 455<ref name=PMXnotes/>
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death={{SA|1697}}
| deathlocation=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]: [[Ost-in-Edhil]]
| age=2287+
| notablefor=Creating the [[Rings of Power]]
| house=[[House of Fëanor]]
| parentage=[[Curufin]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
{{Pronounce|Celebrimbor.mp3|Ardamir}}
'''Celebrimbor''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[ˌkɛlɛˈbrɪmbɔr]}}) was the son of [[Curufin]],<ref name=PMXnotes>{{PM|XNotes}}</ref> fifth son of [[Fëanor]]. Aside from his grandfather, Celebrimbor was the greatest craftsman in the history of [[Middle-earth]], and his forging of the [[Rings of Power]] led to the dominion and eventual downfall of [[Sauron]] in the [[War of the Ring]].

==History==
=== Early life ===
[[Image:Marya Filatova - Celebrimbor.jpg|thumb|left|Marya Filatova - ''Celebrimbor'']]
The early years of Celebrimbor are not known, but probably he was born in [[Valinor]] (and followed his father and grandfather into the [[Exile of the Noldor]] in [[Middle-earth]]. His mother stayed behind.<ref name=PMXnotes/>

He probably fled to [[Nargothrond]] after the [[Dagor Bragollach]]. However, he took no part in the deeds of Curufin and [[Celegorm]] regarding [[Lúthien]], [[Beren]], and [[Finrod]]. He even repudiated his father's deeds and did not follow him when the two brothers were cast out from Nargothrond by [[Orodreth]].

After the [[sack of Nargothrond]], Celebrimbor lived for a time in [[Gondolin]], where he was a great jewel smith for King [[Turgon]]. He may have created the [[Elessar of Eärendil]], though other accounts name [[Enerdhil]] as the Master Jewelsmith and creator of the [[Elfstone]], who perhaps taught Celebrimbor this art.<ref name="CG">{{UT|6}}</ref>

A legend says that during the Second Age Celebrimbor was in love with [[Galadriel]] who was pained at the state of [[Middle-earth]]. Celebrimbor remade another version of the Elessar at her behest, with less power than the original.<ref name="CG"/>

During the Second Age, he was lord of the elves of [[Ost-in-Edhil]] in [[Eregion]]. He was also the head of the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], a guild of elven craftsmen. Their skill was so renowned that they gained the admiration and friendship of the [[Dwarves]] of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]. Together with the dwarf [[Narvi]], Celebrimbor crafted the [[Doors of Durin]] that guarded the West-gate of the Dwarven kingdom.<ref>{{FR|Journey}}</ref>

=== The Rings of Power ===
Around {{SA|1200}}<ref name=AppB1/> a [[Maia]] craftsman called [[Annatar]] (the "Lord of Gifts") arrived at Ost-in-Edhil as an emissary of the [[Valar]], offering his knowledge to the Gwaith-i-Mírdain. This was [[Sauron]], who had come to subvert the elves.

Under the guidance and instruction of Annatar, Celebrimbor and the Gwaith-i-Mírdain made several [[Lesser rings|lesser]] and 16 more powerful rings. A legend says that Celebrimbor gave [[Ring of Thrór|one of those rings]] to [[Kings of Durin's Folk|King]] [[Durin III]] who reigned in [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref>

Based on knowledge gained from Annatar, Celebrimbor also created by himself [[Three Rings]], the greatest and fairest of the Rings of Power. These rings were thus free of Sauron's corrupting influence, for only Celebrimbor himself touched them. Celebrimbor named the rings [[Vilya]], [[Narya]], and [[Nenya]] after the principal Middle-earth elements of air, fire, and water, respectively.

Around {{SA|1600}}, Sauron secretly forged [[the One Ring]] in [[Orodruin]], which would enable him to rule Middle-earth by claiming dominance over all the Rings of Power and their bearers. Celebrimbor and the Elves felt betrayed when they wore the Rings and defied Sauron by withholding the other rings from him. Celebrimbor then sent the three rings away for safekeeping: Vilya and Narya to [[Gil-galad]] and [[Círdan]], respectively, in [[Lindon]], and Nenya to [[Galadriel]] in [[Lothlórien]]. He then prepared for [[War of the Elves and Sauron|war]].

===Fight against Sauron and death===
Sauron retaliated by attacking Eregion in {{SA|1695}}, laying waste to the realm. Celebrimbor was captured in the [[Sack of Eregion]], and was forced under torture to disclose where the sixteen were held, but he would not reveal the whereabouts of the three elvish rings. Sauron captured the other rings and used them as instruments of evil in later years, particularly against Men.
[[File:Abe Papakhian - Death of Celebrimbor.jpg|thumb|Abe Papakhian - ''Death of Celebrimbor'']]
Celebrimbor died from his torment in {{SA|1697}},<ref name=AppB1>{{App|B1}}</ref> the last direct descendant of the line of Fëanor. His body, shot with arrows, was hung upon a pole and carried by the forces of Sauron as a banner as they assaulted the Elves.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>
== Renowned works ==
* The [[Elessar of Eärendil]]
* [[Doors of Durin]] (with [[Narvi]])
* The [[Rings of Power]]
** The [[Nine Rings]] of Men (with [[Annatar]])
** The [[Seven Rings]] of the Dwarves (with [[Annatar]])
** The [[Three Rings]] of the Elves
== Etymology ==
The name '''''Celebrimbor''''' is the [[Sindarin]] translation of his [[Quenya]] father-name '''[[Telperinquar]]''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˌtelpeˈriŋʷkʷar]}}). His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] is unknown. ''Celebrimbor'' consists of ''[[celeb|celebrin]]'' ("silver-like") + ''[[paur|baur]]'' ("fist").<ref name=PE17>{{PE|17}}, p. 42</ref>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==
Celebrimbor was invented for the back-story of the ''Lord of the Rings'' with no background in the [[Lord of the Rings (first edition)|first edition]] (before [[1966]]); afterwards Tolkien attempted to write a background to link him with the [[Elder Days]]: in [[The History of Galadriel and Celeborn|a passage concerning Galadriel and Celeborn]] he was described as a Noldo survivor of Gondolin, who had been one of Turgon's greatest artificers. He was prideful and had an almost "dwarvish" obsession with crafts, survived the Fall and later became a follower of Celeborn and Galadriel. However, in a note Tolkien put next to the text, he wrote, "it would be better 'to make him a descendant of Fëanor'."

Thus, an appropriate line is added in the [[Appendix B]] of the second edition. Tolkien then proceeded to decide which of Fëanor's sons would result to Celebrimbor; a note describes their wives and children, stating that, [[Maglor|Maelor]], [[Caranthir]] and Curufin were wedded, concluding that "Curufin, dearest to his father and chief inheritor of his father's skills, [...] had a son who came with him into exile, though his wife (unnamed) did not."<ref name=PMXnotes/> [[Christopher Tolkien]] used this note as a basis for ''The Silmarillion'', where Celebrimbor is the son of Curufin who remained in Nargothrond when his father was expelled.<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref>

However, apparently forgetting the published statement, Tolkien explored other ideas; in [[Vinyar Tengwar 47|an essay]] dated [[1968]] Celebrimbor is referred as a [[Falmari|Telerin]] silver-smith who followed Celeborn to Middle-earth, and ended up to Eregion being fascinated by the silver-like [[mithril]].<ref name=PMXnotes/> In [[Of Dwarves and Men]] ([[1969]] or later) he mentions that he was a [[Sinda]] and descendant of [[Daeron]] of [[Doriath]] who continued to use his [[Cirth|runic script]] in Eregion.<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>{{rp|297}}<ref name=PMXnotes/>

== Genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MHT | | MIR |y| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | | | | | |MHT=[[Mahtan]] ''b. {{YT}}''| MIR=[[Míriel]] ''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]] ''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]] ''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| | | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |}}
{{familytree| NRD |~|y|~| FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF | | |NRD=[[Nerdanel]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FEA=[[Fëanor]] ''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]] ''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]] ''b. {{YT|1230}}''}}
{{familytree| |,|-|-|^|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{familytree| MDH | | MAG | | CEL | | CAR | | CUR | | AMD | | AMR |MDH=[[Maedhros]] ''d. {{FA|587}}''|MAG=[[Maglor]] ''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celegorm]] ''d. {{FA|506}}''|CAR=[[Caranthir]] ''d. {{FA|506}}''|CUR=[[Curufin]] ''d. {{FA|506}}''|AMD=[[Amrod]] ''d. {{FA|538}}''|AMR=[[Amras]] ''d. {{FA|538}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLB | | | | | | | | |CLB='''CELEBRIMBOR''' ''d. {{SA|1697}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

== Portrayal in adaptations ==
'''2014: ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'''''
:Celebrimbor plays a major role in the video game, serving as a [[wraith]] who is bound to an [[Undead|undead]] [[Gondorians|Gondorian]] [[Rangers of Ithilien|Ranger]], Talion, by the will of [[Sauron]]. He is voiced by [[Alister Duncan]]. He is also the main protagonist of the ''Bright Lord'' expansion, where he is revealed to have stolen the One Ring from Sauron at some point in the Second Age, and intended to use it to turn the Dark Lord's own weapons against him. However, he is corrupted by the power of the Ring and doomed to never see the Undying Lands. Though he defeats Sauron in battle, Sauron still managed to reclaim the Ring and banish Celebrimbor's spirit to an eternity as a wraith in the Unseen world.

== See also ==
* [[:Category:Images of Celebrimbor|Images of Celebrimbor]].

{{references}}

[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Fëanor]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[de:Celebrimbor]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:noldor:celebrimbor]]
[[fi:Celebrimbor]]

Gil-galad

2019-03-17T02:11:20Z

72.141.101.237: /* Second Age */

{{noldor infobox
| name=Gil-galad
| image=[[File:Kimberly - Gil-galad.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Gil-galad" by [[:Category:Images by Kimberly|Kimberly]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Artanáro''/''Rodnor'' ([[Quenya|Q]]/[[Sindarin|S]], [[Father-name|fn]]), ''Ereinion'' ([[Sindarin|S]], [[Epessë|epessë]])
| titles=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| position=
| location=[[Havens of Sirion]]; [[Lindon]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men|Last Alliance]]
| language=[[Quenya]] and [[Sindarin]]
| birth=c. {{FA|450}}
| birthlocation=Unknown
| rule={{FA|510}} - {{SA|3441}}
| death={{SA|3441}}
| deathlocation=[[Siege of Barad-dûr]]
| age=c. 3581
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Fingolfin]] ([[The Silmarillion]]) [[House of Finarfin]] (later notes)
| parentage=[[Fingon]] ([[The Silmarillion]]) [[Orodreth]] (later notes)
| siblings=none ([[The Silmarillion]]) [[Finduilas]] (later notes)
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=[[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]]
| steed=
}}
{{Pronounce|Ereinion Gil-galad.mp3|Ardamir}}
<center>{{quote|Gil-galad was an Elven-king Of him the harpers sadly sing The last whose realm was fair and free Between the Mountains and the Sea.|From [[The Fall of Gil-galad]], as translated by [[Bilbo Baggins]]}}</center>
'''Ereinion Gil-galad''' ([[Sindarin|S]], pron. {{IPA|[eˈreɪnjon ˈɡilɡalad]}}) was the sixth and last [[High King of the Noldor]].

== History ==
===First Age===
The exact date and place of Gil-galad's birth is not given.

He was still a child at the time of the [[Dagor Bragollach]] when [[Morgoth]] broke the [[Siege of Angband]]. As a result his father<ref group=note>In the [[Silmarillion]], Gil-galad's father was [[Fingon]]; in later notes [[Tolkien]] changed him to [[Orodreth]], but never incorporated this change in a narrative. See [[#Other Versions of the Legendarium]]</ref> sent him (and his mother<ref name="Ruin">{{WJ|Ruin}}</ref>) to [[Círdan]] at the [[Havens of the Falas]] for safekeeping.<ref>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref> After the fall of Minas Tirith, the [[Pass of Sirion]] was open to Morgoth's hosts although they were still kept at bay by the still mighty realm of [[Hithlum]] and also the power of Nargothrond. Hithlum was destroyed after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]] and thus there was no power left that could withstand the enemies, and the ports at the Falas were besieged and captured. Yet Círdan, Gil-galad and many other Elves could flee from death on ship and established a refuge upon the [[Isle of Balar]] and a small haven at the [[Mouths of Sirion]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

In the Nirnaeth Arnoediad [[Fingon]], High King of the Noldor, was slain, and the crown passed to his brother [[Turgon]] in Gondolin. When Gondolin was lost, Gil-galad received the Kingship of the Noldor.<ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> He and Círdan maintained the refuge upon Balar and the small port at the Sirion estuary until the [[War of Wrath]] and the end of the First Age.

===Second Age===
After the destruction of [[Beleriand]] during the [[War of Wrath]], Gil-galad founded a kingdom in [[Lindon]] in the far northwest of Middle-earth, roughly between the [[Blue Mountains]] and the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] around the [[Gulf of Lhûn]] and the havens of [[Forlond]], [[Harlond (Lindon)|Harlond]] and [[Mithlond]] were founded.<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> Many Elves, both the [[Sindar]] and the [[Noldor]] joined him. But soon there was again unrest among the Noldor, and many of them left Lindon and led by [[Celebrimbor]] founded the realm of [[Eregion]], probably also stirred up by the finding of ''[[mithril]]'' in [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]]. Also some of the Sindar and many of the [[Nandor]] did not wish to live with the Noldor, who had done them a [[Second Kinslaying|great evil]], and migrated eastwards to [[Lothlórien]] or [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]].

When Prince [[Aldarion]] of [[Númenor]] came to [[Middle-earth]], they established friendship with the [[Elves]]. In {{SA|882}} Gil-galad gave him [[Gil-galad's letter|a letter for his father]], the [[King of Númenor]], [[Tar-Meneldur]]. He warned him that a new shadow had arisen in the [[East]] and besought him for aid.<ref>{{UT|Aldarion}}</ref>

[[File:Lelia - Gil-Galad.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Lelia - ''Gil-galad'']]Around the year 1000 of the [[Second Age]], [[Sauron]] tried to make contact with the Elves under the name of [[Annatar]], the "Lord of Gifts". But Gil-galad and Círdan did not trust him and rejected his proposals. Sauron though, was welcomed in Eregion and the [[Rings of Power]] were forged.<ref name="Rings"/> Around {{SA|1600}} Sauron, though, had forged [[the One Ring]] in secret, and when the Elves of Eregion found out that they have been betrayed, Sauron demanded the Rings, and when they refused, in {{SA|1695}} he invaded [[Eriador]], and the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] began.<ref name="PM">{{PM|Second}}</ref> Celebrimbor had rescued the Three Rings of the Elves in time, sending [[Narya]] to [[Círdan]], [[Vilya]] to Gil-galad, while the third ring [[Nenya]] was given to [[Galadriel]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>

Sauron conquered [[Eregion]] quickly and the forces from Lindon that Gil-galad had sent under the command of [[Elrond]] came too late and were too small, and fled far north, where Elrond established the stronghold of [[Rivendell|Imladris]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> While Sauron sent most of his army west to attack [[Lindon]] he had to leave a strong detachment behind to contain Elrond.<ref name=UTC>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>

The war lasted on, until a great fleet of the [[Númenóreans]] arrived at Lindon. With united forces, Sauron's army was driven back and defeated near the [[Sarn Ford]] and withdrew to [[Tharbad]] where he was reinforced. But the Númenórean admiral [[Ciryatur]] had sent a fleet up the river Gwathló and Sauron's army was [[Battle of the Gwathló|attacked in the rear and utterly defeated]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> After this war, the Elves were not further troubled by Sauron for a long time. During this time, Gil-galad passed the rings Narya and Vilya to Círdan and Elrond, respectively, and he appointed Elrond as his vice-regent.<ref name="Galadriel"/>.

When [[Tar-Calion]] captured Sauron and took him to [[Númenor]], the Westlands found peace, and Gil-galad was free to extend his power to the north and south, and east, beyond [[Anduin]].<ref name="Rings"/>

After the [[Downfall of Númenor]], [[Elendil]] and his sons came to Middle-earth and founded the realms of [[Gondor]] in the south and [[Arnor]] in the north. Gondor was soon attacked by Sauron and Elendil's son [[Isildur]] had to flee, and sailed north to his father, where the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] was formed with Gil-galad.
[[File:Maureval - Ereinion Gil-galad.jpg|thumb|Maureval - ''Ereinion Gil-galad'']]
It took several years for the Allies to gather their forces but ultimately they marched on Mordor and defeated a great army in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]]. They broke through [[Cirith Gorgor]] and besieged [[Sauron]]'s [[Barad-dûr|Dark Tower]].

When the siege had lasted for seven years, it became so pressing that Sauron himself sallied forth. By his power the siege was broken and his army advanced to the slopes of [[Orodruin]]. There he was engaged by Elendil and Gil-galad in a single combat. Sauron was defeated but both Gil-galad and Elendil were killed in the act. Gil-galad was the last High King of Noldor. In the scroll he left in [[Minas Tirith]] before riding north, Isildur wrote that Gil-galad was killed by the heat of Sauron's hand.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref>

Gil-galad's weapon was the spear [[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]].

== Other Versions of the Legendarium ==

Gil-galad was originally, and briefly, conceived as a descendant of [[Fëanor]].

Later, and through the writing of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', he was considered a son of [[Finrod Felagund]], until Tolkien decided that Felagund was unmarried and childless.

A marginal note by Tolkien from around this time (the late 1950s) suggested that Gil-galad might be the son of [[Fingon]]. This suggestion was taken up by Tolkien's son and literary executor [[Christopher Tolkien]] in the published version of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', which states that Gil-galad is the son of [[Fingon]]. He also edited a line in ''[[Aldarion and Erendis: The Mariner's Wife]]'' which originally referred to Gil-galad as a member of the House of Finarfin to make it consistent with the published ''Silmarillion''. Christopher stated many years later in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'' that this decision to make Gil-galad a son of Fingon was an editorial mistake on his part and did not represent his father's conception of the character. Christopher suggested that it would have been better to have left Gil-galad's parentage obscure.<ref name="PM|XI5">{{PM|XI5}}</ref>

Tolkien's final decision for Gil-galad's parentage appears to have been that he was a son of [[Orodreth]], who was at the same time changed from being a son of [[Finarfin]] to a son of [[Angrod]].<ref name="PM|XI5">{{PM|XI5}}</ref> This conception, however, was never incorporated into the written stories of ''The Silmarillion'', and aspects of it — notably the downgrading of Orodreth into a son of Angrod — would have required considerable reworking of the existing text.

== Etymology ==

''Gil-galad'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, meaning "Star of bright light". The name consists of the elements ''[[gil]]'' ("star") + ''[[galad]]'' ("radiance")<ref name=RGEO>{{RGEO|Notes}}, p. 73</ref>. According to a note this name was given to him because of the brightness of his eyes <ref name="Ruin"/>.

''Gil-galad ''was his [[Amilessë|mother-name]], and it was his preferred name in his youth. His [[father-name]] was '''''Rodnor''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˈrodnor]}}), or in [[Quenya]], '''''Artanáro''''' (pron. {{IPA|[ˌartaˈnaːro]}}).

As a High King of the Noldor, his [[epessë]] was '''''Ereinion''''', "Scion of Kings" (from ''[[erain]]'' = "kings" and ''[[-ion]]'' = "son").

== Revised genealogy ==
<div style="overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: 3px; background: #EEEEEE;">
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]]''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]]''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]]''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]]''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]]''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]]''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]]''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]]''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]]''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]]''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD=[[Finrod]]''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]]''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]]''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]]''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]]''b. {{FA}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]]''b. {{SA}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]]''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GIL | | FIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW | |GIL='''GIL-GALAD'''''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL=[[Finduilas]]''d. {{FA|495}}''|ELL=[[Elladan]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ELO=[[Elrohir]]''b. {{TA|130}}''|ARW=[[Arwen]]''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
</div>

==Portrayals in adaptations==
[[File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - Gil-galad.jpg|thumb|Gil-galad in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'']]
'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:In the prologue, Gil-galad is shown as one of the bearers of the [[Three Rings|three Elven rings]]. Later, he is present at the [[Siege of Barad-dûr|Battle]] of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]] wielding his spear [[Aeglos (spear)|Aeglos]]. His death is not shown, and he does not take down [[Sauron]]. He is played by [[Mark Ferguson]].

'''2010: ''[[Lego The Lord of the Rings]]'':'''
:Gil-galad appears in the prologue holding one of the Elf-rings. He is also an unlockable character, despite never playing into the storyline. He can be found in a cave in south-west [[Gorgoroth]]. His gear is not accurate, however; he wields an Elven sword (instead of Aeglos) and golden shield in the game, though ''The Fall of Gil-Galad'' describes a silver shield.

== See Also ==
* [[:Category:Images of Gil-galad|Images of Gil-galad]].
{{references|notes}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=noldor
| born=during the [[First Age]]
| died={{SA|3441}}
}}
{{seq
| prow=
| pvac=
| prev=[[Turgon]]
| list=[[High King of the Noldor]]
| dates={{FA|510}} - {{SA|3441}}
| next=Title abandoned
| nvac=None
| nrow=
}}
{{seq-end}}
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Fingolfin]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:amilessi]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[de:Gil-galad]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:elfes:noldor:gil-galad]]
[[fi:Gil-galad]]

Rings of Power

2019-03-17T02:09:16Z

72.141.101.237: /* Advent of Sauron */

'''The Rings of Power''' were Rings created by the [[Elves]] of [[Eregion]], nineteen '''Great Rings''' (and many other lesser rings) with knowledge obtained from [[Sauron]], and several of them with Sauron aiding the creation. Sauron forged the twentieth Great Ring, called [[the One Ring]] or the Ruling Ring, secretly in the fires of [[Mount Doom]].

==Twenty Rings==
* The ''[[Three Rings]]'' of the Elves were forged by [[Celebrimbor]] alone, and were never touched by Sauron. They were made last, however, and their forging involved some of the arts taught by "Annatar". Thus they too were bound to the One Ring to some extent. They were named [[Narya]] the Ring of Fire, [[Nenya]] the Ring of Water, and [[Vilya]] the Ring of Air; they remained hidden from Sauron.
* Sauron gave some six Rings to the Dwarf-kings, although according to Dwarvish tradition the Elves already gave [[Ring of Thrór|another]] to [[Durin III]]. The Dwarves used their ''[[Seven Rings]]'' to establish their treasure hoards, but Sauron was unable to force the Dwarven bearers to submit. It is believed that the dwarves' natural hardiness, and the fact that it was only the more powerful dwarf lords who possessed them, made them resistant to Sauron's control, yet allowed them to accumulate treasure. The [[Ring of Thrór|final ring]] to leave the possession of the dwarves occurred when [[Thráin|Thráin II]] was captured.
* The remaining ''[[Nine Rings]]'' were divided amongst those evil-hearted men who saw their abilities increase, and became sorcerers and Kings among Men. They gained longevity but then faded away to become the Nazgûl, the [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], dominated under Sauron's will.
* The ''[[The One Ring|One Ring]]'', secretly forged by Sauron in the heart of [[Mount Doom]], had the power to dominate the sixteen rings owned by Dwarves and Men. His domain over the other rings was incomplete, but he placed a large amount of his own power into it at its forging; a necessity that later led to his downfall at [[Frodo Baggins]]' hands.

A verse that summarizes the Great Rings and their ownership is an important part of the lore of Middle-earth. It translates as follows:

<poem style="font-style:italic; margin-left:20px;">Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky,
Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone,
Nine for Mortal Men doomed to die,
One for the Dark Lord on his dark throne
In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie
One ring to rule them all, one ring to find them,
One ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them
In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie.</poem>

==History==
=== Creation ===

[[Image:Angus McBride - Celebrimbor.gif|thumb|left|Celebrimbor forges the Rings of Power]]
Around {{SA|1200}}, Sauron started to corrupt the [[Elves]].<ref name="B">{{App|B1}}</ref> He did not manage to approach [[Gil-galad]] and [[Elrond]] but he had better luck with the Elven-smiths of [[Eregion]]. The [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] of [[Eregion]] were mostly [[Noldor]], and wished to have the same joys in [[Middle-earth]] as the Elves who had returned to [[Valinor]]. Sauron therefore presented himself as "[[Annatar]]", an emissary from the [[Valar]],<ref name="Rings">{{S|Rings}}</ref> and tempted the Elves by offering the knowledge to transform Middle-earth.

"Annatar" taught the smiths the knowledge how to create Rings, which would grant the Elves who wear them certain powers. At first the Elves created some [[lesser rings]], which were only essays in the craft before it was full-grown. In approximately {{SA|1500}} the Greater 16 were created.<ref name="B"/> When Annatar departed from Eregion, [[Celebrimbor]] went on to forge the [[Three Rings]] using the knowledge he had gained from him, but without his involvement, and finished them around {{SA|1590}}.

Sauron then created [[The One Ring]] around {{SA|1600|n}}, alone, in the heart of [[Mount Doom]]. Its purpose was to rule over all the other rings, and Sauron put a great part of his power into it. The Elves, upon creation of the One, heard Sauron speak the [[Ring Poem|spell]], and realized they had been betrayed.<ref>{{FR|Council}}</ref>
===Advent of Sauron===
As soon as Sauron put on The One Ring, the bearers of the Three became aware of him and took them off in fear and anger. They defied Sauron and refused to use the Rings. Seeing this, Sauron attempted to claim the Rings to distribute them to other peoples; he [[War of the Elves and Sauron|waged War against the Elves]], and although the Elves fought valiantly, Eregion was destroyed. Celebrimbor however managed to salvage the Three he created himself and secretly gave them to Gil-galad, [[Círdan]], and [[Galadriel]]. During the [[Sack of Eregion]], Sauron took Nine Rings and other lesser works from them; but he could not find the rest. Then [[Celebrimbor]] was put to torment, and he revealed about the Seven of them.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>

Sauron then distributed them to Lords who desired secret power beyond their nature, hoping to bring them under his sway; [[Men]] who were the readiest to his will, became powerful sorcerers and Kings; and [[Dwarves]] who grew greedier and augmented their treasures. As Sauron had to do with ther making, he easily perverted and accursed the Rings, betraying those who wore them.<ref name="Rings"/>

The Mannish lords who held the Nine were consumed by them and entered the [[wraith-world]], becoming the [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], servants of Sauron without will. The Dwarves who held the Seven were largely (but not totally) unaffected, but the wrath and greed brought upon them brought evils that benefitted Sauron. The Three were always held by the Elves, and [[Gandalf]] upon his arrival.<ref name="Rings"/>

===Final disposition===
During the [[Third Age]], four of the Seven were destroyed during the Dwarves' conflicts with [[Dragons]], and after Sauron's return he recaptured the remaining three, the [[Ring of Thrór|last]] from [[Thráin|Thráin II]]. The Nine he took back from his [[Nazgûl|Ringwraiths]], and they were still in his possession at the time of the [[War of the Ring]].

Nothing is known of the fate of the [[lesser rings]], made as essays to the craft, but, according to [[Gandalf]], still dangerous for mortals that might have found them.<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref>

The One was lost and refound until it was destroyed in the [[Cracks of Doom|Crack of Doom]]. With its destruction, the existing Rings were freed from Sauron's control, but may have lost their power altogether. They were presumably buried in the ruins of [[Barad-dûr]], or perhaps simply faded, while the (powerless) Three were taken with their bearers to [[Aman]].

== Powers and properties ==
The Rings of Power all had certain common properties. The Elves of Eregion created the rings to preserve their lands, attempting to make them as beautiful as [[Valinor]]. Thus, a primary power of the rings was to prevent and decelerate decay and change. The rings also increased a bearer's own natural powers, seemingly granting '[[magic]]' abilities.<ref name=L131>{{L|131}}</ref>

Additionally, the One Ring, along with the Seven and the Nine, had the ability to tap into the [[Unseen]] at different degrees. The One could completely shift the wearer to the Spirit World, rendering the material body invisible to mortals.<ref name=L131/> The Nine and the Seven were so strongly under Sauron's control that they could cause the wearer, especially Men, to ''fade'' and turn into a [[Wraiths|wraith]] under Sauron's domination.<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref>

The [[Dwarves]] however were more resistant to most of these effects. They mostly suffered under an increased lust for gold, which provided occasion for quarrels among themselves. They used their rings to increase their treasure troves; the treasure hoards of these dwarves drew the mightiest of [[dragons]] and opponents.<ref name="Rings" />

The Three did not make their wearers invisible<ref name=L131 /> (though a wearer could make the ring itself invisible<ref>{{FR|Mirror}}</ref>). A wearer of one of the Rings of Three gained the power to heal and preserve, in many different ways, whatever they controlled. Galadriel's and Elrond's Rings allowed them to fend off Sauron and protect and preserve [[Lothlórien|Lothlorien]] and [[Rivendell]]. [[Narya]] also had the power to inspire hope and courage in others.<ref>{{App|B2}}, [[Cirdan]]'s words to [[Gandalf]]</ref>

=== The One ===
{{main|The One Ring}}
For The One to have the ability to control The Three, it was necessary for Sauron to allow a significant amount of his power and will to flow into it during its forging. As it was the Master Ring, whoever mastered the One also had control over the other rings, the works done through them, and also could perceive and control the thoughts of anyone wearing another ring. But Sauron never managed to do so, because as soon as he wore it upon his finger, the Elves became aware of him.<ref name="Rings" />

The wearer also was able to understand speech in languages the wearer did not know, or at least able to understand the [[Black Speech]].<ref>{{TT|Choices}}</ref>

Any bearer could use its power, though it would take time, determination, skill, and knowledge to do so. However the Ring corrupted the heart and mind, making its wearer obsessed with it.

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In one draft it is said that the [[Rings of Power]] transformed their bearers into [[wraiths]], thus creating ''elf-'', ''goblin-'', ''men-'', or ''dwarf-wraiths''.<ref>{{RS|Gollum}}, p. 78</ref>

==Inspiration==
The Rings were the background story as fleshed out by Tolkien, out of the Ring that appeared in ''[[The Hobbit]]''. The lore of the Rings (especially the One) are often compared to the "Ring of the Nibelungs" although Tolkien denounced any direct inspiration.<ref>{{L|229}}, “Both rings were round, and there the resemblance ceases.”</ref>
==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''[[1978]]: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|Ralph Bakshi's ''The Lord of the Rings'']]'''
:In the introduction of the movie, the Rings are portrayed as a purely Elven conception and creation, which the Elves generously gave to the Dwarves and Men. It was when Sauron 'learned of the Ring-making' when he forged the One Ring.
:It contrasts the canonical account according to which the Rings were always a part of Sauron's plan. Sauron distributed them to the Dwarves and Men, after the Elves turned against him.

'''2001: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]'':'''
:In the introduction, narrated by [[Galadriel]], the 19 initial Rings were shown being given to the [[Elves]], [[Men]], and [[Dwarves]]. The introduction states that all of these ring-holders were deceived by Sauron, who created the One Ring to rule them all.

'''2017: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Alongside [[the One Ring]] and the Three, names are also given to the Seven and the Nine:

:*The Seven rings of the Dwarves are given as Taurya, Sindya, Tínya, Tulcya, Úrya, Vanya, and Angya (the [[Ring of Thrór|Ring of Durin]]).
:*The Nine rings of Men are named Sâkhla, Adâsh, Orôm (the ring of the [[Khamûl|Lieutenant of Dol Guldur]]), Jûru, Mêbat, Khânto, Sapthân, Nitîr, and Ûri (the ring of the [[Witch-king]]).

==External links==
*[http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/ringfaq.htm FAQ of the Rings] by Stan Brown
*[http://middle-earth.xenite.org/2013/04/03/who-were-the-rings-of-power-made-for/ Who Were the Rings of Power Made For?] by [[Michael Martinez]]

{{references}}
{{rings}}

[[Category:Rings and Jewels]]
[[de:Ringe der Macht]]
[[fr:encyclo/artefacts/bijoux/anneaux/anneaux_de_pouvoir]]
[[fi:Mahtisormukset]]

Three Rings

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{{quote|And of all the Elven-rings Sauron most desired to possess them, for those who had them in their keeping could ward off the decays of time and postpone the weariness of the world.|[[Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age]]}}
The '''Three Rings''' were magical artifacts, three of the [[Rings of Power]]. They were forged by Celebrimbor and his smiths with the desire of "understanding, making, and healing" and granted the power to preserve all things unstained.<ref name=l144>{{L|144}}</ref><ref name=council>{{FR|Council}}</ref> They were named '''[[Vilya]]''', '''[[Narya]]''', and '''[[Nenya]]''' after the principal elements of air, fire, and water (respectively).

Whereas the other [[Rings of Power]] gave the power to control and conquer, and [[Wraith-world|made their wearers invisible]], the Three were different. [[Sauron]] did not assist in their making nor ever did he touch them, and his taint was not directly upon them.<ref name=l131>{{L|131}}</ref> But, as they were created according to the craft taught by him, they would fall under the power of [[the One Ring]].<ref name=rings/>

==Names and descriptions of the Three Rings==

* '''[[Nenya]]''', The Ring of Water, also called the Ring of Adamant, made of ''[[mithril]]'' with a shimmering white stone; it was the chief of the Three<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, p. 251</ref> originally worn by [[Celebrimbor]] himself but given to [[Galadriel]].
* '''[[Narya]]''', The Ring of Fire, set with a ruby; originally worn by [[Círdan]] who gave it to [[Gandalf]].
* '''[[Vilya]]''', The Ring of Air and mightiest of the Three, gold with a sapphire stone; originally worn by [[Gil-galad]] but given to [[Elrond]].

The Rings were named after the three principal elements, each matching the colour of their stones. Their names also match the fates of the three [[Silmarils]].<ref group=note>[[Maglor]] threw one into the sea, [[Maedhros]] fell with one in the lava, while [[Earendil]] keeps one in the sky.</ref><ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref><ref>{{webcite|author=Stan Brown|articleurl=http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/ringfaq.htm#Q3-Names What were the names of the Three Rings, and what were they made of?|website=[http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/ringfaq.htm FAQ of the Rings]}}</ref> However not much is known about their specific powers and whether they had anything to do with each element.<ref>{{webcite|author=Stan Brown|articleurl=http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/ringfaq.htm#Q3-Powers What special powers did the Three Rings have?|website=[http://oakroadsystems.com/genl/ringfaq.htm FAQ of the Rings]}}</ref>

==History==
After "[[Annatar]]" taught and assisted the [[Gwaith-i-Mirdain]] with creating the [[Rings of Power]], he left [[Eregion]]. Celebrimbor's smiths proceeded then to forge Three more on their own with the knowledge already gained from him. Their forging was completed by around {{SA|1590}}.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> Annatar didn't learn about them, and they were "unsullied", free from Sauron's corrupting influence.

When Sauron created the One Ring, the Elves who wore the Rings of Power heard his voice and realized they had been deceived.<ref name=rings>{{S|Rings}}</ref> Celebrimbor then sent his three rings away for safekeeping: He gave Nenya to [[Galadriel]] in [[Lothlórien]], who advised him to send the other two west away from Sauron, so he gave Vilya and Narya to [[High King of the Noldor|High King]] [[Gil-galad]] and [[Círdan]], respectively, in [[Lindon]].

As the Elves failed him, Sauron [[War of the Elves and Sauron|waged war]] against Eregion and succeeded in claiming the Rings of Power. But the Three remained outside his grasp and their whereabouts were seldom revealed.

After Sauron's defeat in the [[War of the Last Alliance]] at the end of the [[Second Age]], the [[Keepers of the Three Rings]] were free to wear them. During the [[Third Age]], the Rings were not idle.<ref>{{FR|Council}}, Elrond's words to Gloin</ref> They were used to create enclaves of peace and protection where memory and beauty were preserved from wear and decay.<ref name=rings/><ref name=l131/>

During the [[War of the Ring]] [[Frodo Baggins]] found out that Galadriel held Nenya, using it to preserve [[Lothlórien]] from withering, and [[Aragorn]] reprimanded him for revealing this. The other two rings were revealed at the end of the Third Age, after Frodo destroyed [[the One Ring]], and the Dark Lord Sauron was completely overthrown. It transpired that [[Elrond]] had wielded [[Vilya]] and presumably used its powers to keep [[Rivendell]] a haven safe from attack. It was [[Gandalf]] who wielded [[Narya]], given to him by [[Círdan]].<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, p.389</ref>

After the destruction of the One Ring, their power diminished and became plain relics. Not being able to hold back Time and preserve the High-elven lore and beauty, their bearers, in the [[Last Riding of the Keepers]], left [[Middle-earth]] on the [[White Ship]].<ref name=l144/><ref>{{RK|Havens}}</ref> The [[Third Age]] ended and the [[Dominion of Men]] began.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''1978: [[The Lord of the Rings (1978 film)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (1978 film)]]:'''
:In the introduction of the movie, the Three Rings are said to be made "for the tall Elf Kings" as three unidentified silhouettes are seen holding and lifting the Rings.

'''2001-3: [[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''The Lord of the Rings'' (film series)]]:'''
:In the prologue to the [[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|first film]], the Three Rings are show briefly being borne by [[Galadriel]], [[Gil-galad]] and [[Círdan]]; later in the film Galadriel reveals to [[Frodo Baggins|Frodo]] that she possesses [[Nenya]]. In the final film, although [[Gandalf]] can be seen wearing [[Narya]] its significance is never stated.

'''2014: [[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies]]:'''
:In the [[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies (extended edition)|Extended Edition]] of the film, we see Narya on Gandalf's finger as an [[Orcs|Orc]] attempts to cut off his hand in an attempt to claim it for [[Sauron]]. However, Galadriel arrives to rescue Gandalf and vanquishes the Orc in the nick of time. She can be seen wielding Nenya on her finger throughout the scene. During the subsequent battle against the Nazgûl, Vilya can be glimpsed on Elrond's finger.

{{references|notes}}

{{rings}}

[[Category:Rings and Jewels]]
[[de:Elbenringe]]
[[fr:encyclo/artefacts/bijoux/anneaux/trois_anneaux]]
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Lake Evendim

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{{location infobox
| name=Lake Evendim
| image=[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Evendim.jpg|250px]]
| caption=Evendim in ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''
| pronun=
| othernames=Nenuial
| location=Central [[Eriador]], in the [[Hills of Evendim]] west of [[Fornost Erain]]
| type=Lake
| description=Large lake partly encircled by hills
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Arnorians]], [[Laiquendi]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Battle of Fornost]]
}}
'''Lake Evendim''', or '''Nenuial''' ("Lake of Twilight") in [[Sindarin]], was a lake in northern [[Eriador]].

The lake was about 100 miles north of [[the Shire]]. It was approximately 50 miles from north to south and 20 miles east to west<ref name="Map">{{UT|Map}}</ref> and was bounded on the west and south by the Emyn Uial ([[Hills of Evendim]]).<ref>{{UT|Index}}, ''Nenuial''</ref> The [[Baranduin]] or Brandywine River flowed out of the lake to the east.<ref name="Map"/>

==History==
It is said that after the [[War of Wrath]] both [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]] crossed into [[Eriador]] and lived by Lake Evendim. They departed for [[Eregion]] in {{SA|700}}.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> In the [[Second Age]] there were [[Men]] ([[Middle Men]]) living about Lake Evendim, some of whom met with the [[Númenóreans]] when they first sailed back to [[Middle-earth]].<ref>{{UT|Wife}}, note 3</ref><ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref>

Some [[Laiquendi]] seem to have removed to [[Eriador]], and dwelled on the shores of Lake Nenuial during the [[Second Age]].<ref>A note in the [[Unfinished Tales]]</ref>

After the fall of [[Númenor]] [[Elendil]] established the capital of [[Arnor]], [[Annúminas]], on the southern shore of the lake.<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref> In {{TA|1975}}<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref> the [[Battle of Fornost]] was fought on the plain between Lake Evendim and the [[North Downs]].<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''2007-: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:While possible to swim across, swift travel across Lake Evendim (located in the region of [[Evendim]]) is provided by several boatkeepers.<ref>{{webcite|author=|articleurl=http://lotro-wiki.com/index.php/Lake_Evendim|articlename=Lake Evendim|dated=6 August 2012|website=[http://lotro-wiki.com/ LOTRO-Wiki.com]|accessed=29 March 2013}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Aelin-uial|Umboth Muilin]], the Pools of Twilight

{{references}}
[[Category:Arnor]]
[[Category:Eriador]]
[[Category:Lakes]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Evendim-See]]
[[fi:Hämyvesi]]
[[fi:Nenuial]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/eriador/lac_evendim]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/eriador/nenuial]]

Lake Evendim

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Green-elves

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{{people infobox
| name=Green-elves
| image=[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Green-elf of Ossiriand.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Green-elf of Ossiriand" by [[Peter Xavier Price]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Laiquendi, Elves of Ossiriand, [[Green-elves#Etymology|Laegrim]]
| origin=[[Nandor]] who crossed into [[Beleriand]]
| location=[[Ossiriand]], [[Lindon]], shores of [[Lake Nenuial]]<ref>A note in the [[Unfinished Tales]]</ref>
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=
| members=[[Denethor (son of Lenwë)|Denethor]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Green-elves''' ([[Quenya|Q]] '''''[[Green-elves#Etymology|Laiquendi]]''''', [[Sindarin|S]] '''''[[Green-elves#Etymology|Laegrim]]'''''; also '''Green Elves'''<ref>{{PM|XI4}}, p. 349</ref>) were a clan of the [[Nandor]].<ref name=WJC/>

==History==

[[Lenwë]] was an [[Elves|Elf]] of the [[Telerin]] clan, who set out with the [[Great Journey]] of the [[Elves]] into the West. When his people found their path blocked by the [[Misty Mountains]], he resolved to leave the Journey and instead led his followers south down the [[Vales of Anduin]], and they became known as the Nandor. After many years, Lenwë's son [[Denethor of the Nandor|Denethor]] set out westward once again, and led some part of the Nandor across the Misty Mountains and the Blue, settling at last in the [[Ossiriand|Land of Seven Rivers]] beneath the [[Ered Luin]]; the land called [[Ossiriand]].
[[File:Karolina Węgrzyn - Laiquendi.jpg|''Laiquendi'' by Karolina Węgrzyn|thumb|left]]
Denethor and his followers did not have peace for long. Soon after his return to [[Middle-earth]], before the [[Noldor]] had followed him, [[Morgoth]] loosed armies of orcs on King [[Thingol]] and his allies, [[Círdan]] in the west and Denethor in the east. Denethor's Nandor were ill-equipped for warfare, and suffered great hardship in that battle. Denethor himself was slain on [[Amon Ereb]], though the Elves beat back the [[orcs]] at last. After that time many of Denethor's people left Ossiriand for the guarded forests of [[Doriath]]: these settled in [[Arthórien]] and became known as the [[Guest-elves]].<ref name=UT>{{UT|2d}}</ref><ref name=WJP1>{{WJ|P1}}, pp. 112-3</ref> Those few that remained took up a secretive existence, camouflaging themselves in green. From that time, they were known as the Green-elves.

The hidden people of the Green-elves played little part in history after the [[First Battle]] of the [[Wars of Beleriand]]. Most significantly, they lent their aid to [[Beren]] and [[Dior]] (who dwelt on [[Tol Galen]] in the far south of their land). After the loss of their ancient ally Thingol at the hands of the [[Dwarves]], they went with Beren to avenge him. Much later, after the deaths of Beren and [[Lúthien]], one of their lords took up the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] that Lúthien had borne, and brought it to [[Menegroth]] where Dior now dwelt.

After the end of the [[First Age]], their fate is not clearly known. Much of their land survived the destruction of [[Beleriand]], and as [[Lindon]] came under the rule of [[Gil-galad]]. Some at least seem to have removed to [[Eriador]], and dwelled on the shores of [[Lake Evendim|Lake Nenuial]] during the [[Second Age]]<ref>A note in the [[Unfinished Tales]]</ref>. After this, nothing is known of their fate.

==Etymology==

The [[Sindarin]] name '''''Laegrim''''' (class plural; sing ''Laegel'', pl ''Laegil'') or ''Laegel(d)rim'', meaning "Green-elves", was a name used by the [[Sindar]] of [[Beleriand]] for the inhabitants of [[Ossiriand]] and [[Lindon]]. This term was translated by the [[Noldor]] to [[Quenya]] '''''Laiquendi'''''.<ref name=WJC>{{WJ|C}}, p. 385</ref><ref group="note">While [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] states in the late manuscript ''[[Quendi and Eldar]]'' (ca. 1959-60) that the Quenya form ''Laiquendi'' "was not much used" (p. 385), it is the only [[Elvish]] translation of "Green-elves" which occurs in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]''.</ref>

In the [[The Etymologies|''Etymologies'']] appears early Elvish names for the Green-elves: [[Qenya]] ''Laiqendi'' and [[Noldorin]] ''Lhoebenidh'' or ''Lhoebelidh''.<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 368 ([[Sundocarme|root]] LÁYAK)</ref>

==Other writings==

In ''[[Letters from Father Christmas]]'', '''green elves''' are mentioned as kin of the [[Red Elves|red elves]].<ref>{{LFC|1936}}</ref>

{{references|note}}
{{elves}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Nandor]]
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Sindar

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{{sources}}
{{people infobox
| name=Sindar
| image=[[File:Marya Filatova - Sinda.jpg|250px]]
| caption="[[:File:Marya Filatova - Sinda.jpg|Sinda]]" by Marya Filatova
| pronun=
| othernames=Eglath, Elves of the Twilight, Forsaken Elves, Forsaken People, Grey-elves, Middle Elves
| origin=[[Teleri]] that remained in [[Beleriand]]
| location=[[Doriath]], the [[Falas]], [[Nan Elmoth]], much of [[Beleriand]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=[[Sindarin]]
| members=[[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], [[Lúthien]], [[Daeron]], [[Mablung]], [[Círdan]], [[Beleg]], [[Oropher]], [[Legolas]], [[Thranduil]], [[Celeborn]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=Good singers, woodsmen, and shipbuilders
| height=Tall
| hair=Usually dark, sometimes silver<ref name=qu>{{WJ|Quendi}}: Sindar</ref>
| skin=White
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
'''Sindar''' (meaning "Grey People"<ref group=note>The singular term would be ''Sinda'' but it was not generally used by [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]</ref>) or '''Grey Elves''' were [[Elves]] of [[Teleri|Telerin]] descent who inhabited [[Beleriand]]. They were united under the King of [[Doriath]] [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], and later his grandson [[Dior|Dior Eluchíl]].

They belonged to the Teleri who did accept the invitation and set out on the [[Great Journey]] and were [[Eldar]], although [[Moriquendi]], never having actually set foot in [[Valinor]], with the [[Calaquendi]]. However they still became the fairest and most wise and skillful of the elves of Middle-earth under the rule of Thingol and [[Melian]] in Doriath, and they are therefore sometimes referred to as '''"Elves of the Twilight"'''.
==History==
===Origins===
The Teleri were the largest of the three hosts of the Eldar. For this reason, they had two leaders during the [[Great March]] from [[Cuiviénen]], the brothers [[Elwë]] (later known as Elu Thingol in the Sindarin tongue) and [[Olwë]]. When the Teleri reached [[Beleriand]], Elwë went wandering in the forests as was his wont. In the forest of [[Nan Elmoth]] he encountered [[Melian]], one of the [[Maiar]]. They fell in love, and the two stood spellbound in Nan Elmoth for several years.<ref>{{S|4}}</ref>

In the meantime, Olwë and many of the Teleri could not delay longer, and departed for [[Aman]] without Elwë and his following, who preferred to stay in Beleriand, to search for their king. They later became known as the '''''[[Eglath]]''''' (the "Forsaken"). At long last he awoke from the spell and set up a kingdom in the midst of Beleriand: [[Eglador]] ("Land of the Forsaken" or "Land of the Elves"). The [[Dwarves]] of [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]] in the [[Blue Mountains]] were contracted to aid in the building of the city of [[Menegroth]].

Just before the arrival of the [[Noldor|Noldorin Exiles]], the Dark Lord [[Morgoth]] returned to his old stronghold of [[Angband]], and his activities increased. Thingol had Melian use her magic to create a girdle of bewilderment around Eglador, so that nobody could enter without the king's permission. Ever after it was known as [[Doriath]] ("Land of the Fence") and the Sindar who dwelt inside its [[Girdle of Melian|borders]] were called [[Iathrim]] ("People of the Fence"). Thingol remained High King of the Sindar and nominal Overlord of Beleriand, although especially the Noldor following of the sons of [[Fëanor]] usually ignored his commands.
[[File:Tuuliky - Sindarin lady.jpg|right|thumb|Tuuliky - ''A Sindarin lady'']]

===Distribution===
Other than the Eglath and the Iathrim, other Teleri also stayed in Beleriand and were counted among the Sindar: these were the friends of [[Ossë]] the [[Maia]], who had fallen in love with the shores of [[Middle-earth]], and did not wish to depart. Their leader was [[Círdan]], and they established cities at [[Eglarest]] and [[Brithombar]]. They were known as the [[Falathrim]], or "Elves of the [[Falas]]". They were not part of the realm of Eglador, but still took Thingol as their High King.

Yet other stray bands of Sindar settled in [[Nevrast]] and [[Hithlum]] to the north of Eglador, although these did not form any realms. Those were the [[Elves of Mithrim]].

A last group of Teleri in Beleriand were the [[Laiquendi]] or "Green Elves"; they were not counted as Sindar, because they did not originally abandon the Great Journey in Beleriand. The Laiquendi were descended from the [[Nandor]], a group of Teleri that had split from the Great Journey before the [[Misty Mountains]] and gone south along the [[Anduin|Great River]]. A part of them, under [[Denethor of the Nandor|Denethor]] son of [[Lenwë]], crossed the Blue Mountains eventually, and settled in [[Ossiriand]], or as it was later known [[Lindon]] ("Land of the Singers"). They remained a people apart for long, although many of them removed to Thingol's realm after Denethor was killed.

The Teleri of Eglador, the northlands, and the Falas were collectively known as the Sindar in later days, because they developed a civilisation all its own, which almost equalled that of the [[Calaquendi]] or Light Elves of [[Valinor]].

===Later history===
In the early [[Second Age]], after the [[War of Wrath]], many of the Eldar who had no desire to leave Middle-earth retreated to Lindon. The Sindar mainly concentrated mostly to [[Harlindon]], under the leadership of [[Celeborn]]. Some of them who had no desire to be merged with the other Sindar dominated by the Noldor, left Lindon and came to the forest realm east of [[Misty Mountains]]<ref name="SE-UTb">{{UT|6b}}</ref>. They became the rulers of the [[Silvan Elves]] living there and established the Wooldland Realms of [[Greenwood the Great]] ([[Sindarin|S]] "Eryn Galen") and Lórinand (or Laurelindórenan). The Silvan Elves shared common heritage with the Sindar as both the Silvan Elves (originally known as the ''[[Nandor]]'') and the Sindar were of the [[Teleri]] clan. Sindar soon merged with the Silvan Elves and embraced and adopted their culture, wishing to experience a more "rustic" and "natural" way of life as was the case after their awakening in [[Cuiviénen]].<ref name="SE-UTb"/> Other Sindar had founded the haven of [[Edhellond]] in the south, and they were also joined by Silvan Elves who migrated there.<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 247</ref>

==Language==
{{main|Sindarin}}
The language of the Sindar evolved from [[common Telerin]] over the long ages they were sundered from their kin. Among themselves, their own language had no name, as it was the only one that they ever heard, and didn't need any <ref>{{WJ|Quendi}} p.376</ref> but in [[Quenya]], the language was designated as '''[[Sindarin]]'''. During the [[First Age]] there were several dialects that fell under the umbrella of Sindarin: [[Doriathrin]], [[Mithrimin]] and [[Falathrin]]. By the time the Noldor arrived in Beleriand, the languages between the two continents had become mutually unintelligible, but the Noldor were quick to learn it. Sindarin eventually replaced [[Quenya]] as the language used by the Noldor in [[Beleriand]], even in predominantly Noldorin settlements such as [[Gondolin]], although Quenya survived as a language of knowledge.

In the later [[Ages]], Sindarin was the [[Elvish]] tongue used in daily speech throughout [[Middle-earth]]. It was also adopted for daily use by the Men of the [[House of Beor]] and later the [[Númenóreans]], and remained somewhat in use in the realms-in-exile of [[Gondor]] and [[Arnor]].

When the Sindar came to the East to rule over the [[Silvan Elves]], their language was adopted by them who spoke a language of [[Nandorin]] origin. Sindarin soon influenced by Silvan language and this new dialect became known as [[Silvan Elvish]] (or "woodland tongue"). Names such as [[Lothlórien]], [[Caras Galadhon]], [[Amroth]], [[Nimrodel]] are possibly of Silvan origin, adapted to Sindarin.<ref>{{App|Elves}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The term ''Sindar'' ("the Grey" or "the Grey-elves") is not [[Sindarin]]: it is the [[Quenya]] name devised by the [[Noldor|Noldorin]] exiles, derived from [[Primitive Quendian|PQ]] ''[[thindi]]''. A less common Quenya name for this people was ''Sindeldi'' (sing. ''[[Sindel]]'').<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 117</ref><ref name=WJQE11/>

Why the Sindar had been called the "grey" yielded a discussion among the [[Lambengolmor|loremasters]]. One theory suggested that it referred to [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]]'s, and those near akin to him, hair of silver hue (although most Sindar were dark-haired). Another theory suggested that the name was derived from the meaning of ''Thingol'' ([[Quenya |Q.]] ''[[Sindikollo]]''), "Grey-cloak" (the [[Elves of Mithrim|Northern Sindar]] were also said to have been clad much in grey).<ref name=WJQE11>{{WJ|Quendi}}: Sindar" [also, Author's Note 11]</ref>

The name that the Sindar used for themselves was simply '''''Edhil''''' ("Elves", singular ''[[Edhel]]''). The Sindar considered themselves to be ''[[Calben|Celbin]]'', persons of Light. The Noldor on the other hand, using their own definition of what are "[[Light Elves]]", didn't consider the Sindar to be ''Calaquendi'', which is the [[Quenya]] cognate of ''Celbin''.<ref name=qu/>

In the lore of the [[Dúnedain]] the Sindar (and sometimes the [[Silvan Elves]]<ref>{{PM|XNotes}}, #67</ref>) were also called '''Middle Elves''', distinguishing them from the [[High Elves]] (being of their kin) and the [[Dark Elves]], although the latter term included the Sindar sometimes, because of their ignorance of the [[Light of Valinor]].<ref>{{PM|Atani}}</ref>
{{References|n}}

{{elves}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[Category:Sindar| ]]
[[de:Sindar]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/teleri/sindar/sindar]]
[[fi:Sindar (kansa)]]

Silvan Elves

2019-03-16T23:53:17Z

72.141.101.237:

{{people infobox
| name=Silvan Elves
| image=[[File:Rob Alexander - Elven Cloak.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Elven Cloak" by Rob Alexander
| pronun=
| othernames=Tawarwaith
| origin=[[Nandor]] that remained among the forests of the [[Vales of Anduin]]
| location=[[Lothlórien]], [[East Lórien]], [[Edhellond]], [[Woodland Realm]], [[Ithilien]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]
| rivalry=[[Dwarves]]
| language=[[Silvan Elvish]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]
| members=[[Nimrodel]], [[Mithrellas]], [[Galion]], [[Haldir]], [[Rúmil (Elf of Lórien)|Rúmil]], [[Orophin]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=Secretive, lovers of the forests and animals, less wise and more dangerous than other [[Eldar]]
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Silvan Elves''' ([[Sindarin|S]] '''''Tawarwaith''''') were the reclusive, forest-dwelling [[Elves]] of [[Middle-earth]]. In the late [[Third Age]], the Silvan Elves mostly belonged either to the [[Galadhrim]] or to the [[Elves of Mirkwood]].<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

==History==

The Silvan Elves were descendants of the [[Nandor]] (and thus in origin [[Teleri]]), who had lingered in the [[Vales of Anduin|Anduin Vales]] during the [[Great Journey]] of the [[Eldar]] in the [[Elder Days]]. The Silvan Elves hid themselves in their woodland realms beyond the [[Misty Mountains]] and became a scattered folk hardly distinguishable from [[Avari]].<ref name="SE-UTa">{{UT|6a}}</ref> While some of the Nandor continued to [[Eriador]] and later entered [[Ossiriand]], some remained in the [[Vales of Anduin]], and from these latter originated the Silvan elves.<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

In the early [[Second Age]], after the [[War of Wrath]], [[Oropher]] of [[Doriath]] (father of [[Thranduil]] and grandfather of [[Legolas]]) along with few of the [[Sindar]] came to forest realm east of [[Misty Mountains]]. He became the King of the Silvan Elves and established the [[Woodland Realm]] of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]] ([[Sindarin|S]] '''Eryn Galen'''). The culture of Silvan folk was rude and rustic compared to the [[Beleriand|Beleriandic]] culture of the Sindar.<ref name="SE-UTb">{{UT|6b}}</ref> But soon the Sindar merged with the Silvan Elves and adopted their language, took names of Silvan form and style. This language was a dialect of Sindarin known as [[Silvan Elvish]].<ref name="SE-UTb"/> On the eastern side of the Misty Mountains, [[Amdír]] (father of [[Amroth]]), another Sinda leader came to the land known as [[Laurelindórenan]] (or Lórinand) and ruled over the Silvan elves as their King.

It is also told that the some of the western [[Avari]], dwelling in Eriador and the Anduin Vales, were friendly to the [[Eldar]], and came to merge with the Silvan elves. These were [[Nelyar|Nelyarin]] Avari ([[Penni]]), from the third Clan (and therefore remotely akin to the Nandor and Sindar).<ref>{{WJ|C}}, pp. 381, 410</ref><ref group=note>It is not known if this merge occurred during the Elder Days, or during the Second or Third Ages.</ref>

In the early [[Third Age]], remnants of the Noldorin realms such as [[Lindon]] and [[Eregion]] sought new dwellings in more eastern lands and the Silvan Elves of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]] experienced an influx of [[Noldor]] (and Sindar) who had survived the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]].<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

==Etymology==

The English adjective ''[[Wiktionary:silvan|silvan]]'' means "of, characteristic of, or consisting of woods or forests" or "living or located in woods or forests".<ref>"[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/silvan silvan]" at [http://dictionary.reference.com Dictionary.reference.com] (Collins English Dictionary; accessed 17 July 2011)</ref>

==Names==

An [[Elvish]] name for the Silvan Elves was '''''Tawarwaith'''''. It has been suggested that ''Tawarwaith'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''tawar'' (wood, forest) + ''[[gwaith]]'' (people).<ref>[http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth] at [http://www.tolkiendil.com Tolkiendil.com] (accessed 17 July 2011)</ref><ref>[[Didier Willis]], [http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/sindar/online/english.html Hiswelókë's Sindarin Dictionary] at [http://www.jrrvf.com/haut.shtml Jrrvf.com] (accessed 17 July 2011)</ref>

{{elves}}
{{references|note}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Silvan Elves| ]]

[[de:Waldelben]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/teleri/tawarwaith]]
[[fi:Tawarwaith]]

Nandor

2019-03-16T23:50:37Z

72.141.101.237:

{{rewrite}}
{{people infobox
| name=Nandor
| image=[[File:Rob Alexander - Elven Cloak.jpg|250px]]
| caption="[[:File:Rob Alexander - Elven Cloak.jpg|Elven Cloak]]" by Rob Alexander
| pronun=
| othernames=
| origin=[[Teleri]] who turned aside from the [[Great Journey]] east of the [[Misty Mountains]] and journeyed down [[Anduin]]
| location=[[Vales of Anduin]], [[Ossiriand]], [[Lindon]], shores of [[Lake Nenuial]]<ref>A note in the [[Unfinished Tales]]</ref>, [[Lothlórien]], [[East Lórien]], [[Belfalas]], [[Woodland Realm]], [[Ithilien]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=[[Nandorin]], [[Sindarin]]
| members=[[Lenwë]], [[Denethor (Nando)|Denethor]], [[Nimrodel the Elf-maid|Nimrodel]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=Secretive, lovers of the forests and animals
| height=Tall
| hair=Usually dark
| skin=White or olive
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Nandor''' ([[Quenya|Q]], pron. {{IPA|[ˈnandor]}}; sg. ''Nando''), who included the ''[[Silvan Elves]]'' (or "Wood-elves") and ''[[Green-elves]]'', were one of the [[Teleri]]n races of [[Elves]]. Like the [[Sindar]], they were [[Úmanyar]] i.e. part of the [[Teleri]] who began the [[Great Journey]] but did not complete it. The Nandor were the original elven inhabitants of [[Middle-earth]] east of [[Beleriand]], but eventually they also stretched out across the [[Blue Mountains|Ered Luin]] as well into [[Ossiriand]]. Many journeyed down the River Anduin forming Kingdoms of the [[Silvan Elves]]: the [[Woodland Realm]] and [[Lothlórien]]. The [[Galadhrim|people of Lórien]] were of this kind, as were the [[Wood-elves of Mirkwood]].

==History==

===Lenwë and Denethor===

The Nandor were originally simply a group of the Teleri indistinct from the others who were afraid to cross the [[Misty Mountains|Hithaeglir]], and content to remain in the wide forested lands to the east, along the river [[Anduin]]. One of the Teleri, of the silver-haired kindred of [[Olwë]] that would later become the [[Falmari]], rose to lead them. He was named [[Lenwë]], and led a great number of the Teleri south along the Great River, where they fell out of the histories for a long time. They called themselves the Nandor, and they loved water and green things. Under Lenwë they developed great knowledge and skill with herbs and living things, tree and beast alike. Their culture became very distinct.<ref>{{S|Captivity}}</ref>

Gradually, the Nandor spread out. They may have moved on to live in [[Eriador]], or by the mouth of the Sea at the outpouring of Anduin. They were a simple folk, with no weapons of steel. They made friends, too, with the [[Naugrim]], and were contented. But evil beasts came from the north, and they had no defence against such terrible weapons. They had been told by the Naugrim about King [[Thingol]] and the might of the [[Sindar]], therefore [[Denethor (Nando)|Denethor]], Lenwë's son, crossed over the [[Ered Luin]] into [[Beleriand]], the western lands of Middle-earth. There they settled in the green and many-rivered [[Ossiriand]], welcomed by Thingol as long-lost relatives. They were called the [[Laiquendi|Laegrim]].<ref name=sindar>{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

===Wars of Beleriand===

Thingol took advantage of their friendship on the first opportunity, when he was in great need. The Dark Lord [[Morgoth|Belegurth]] [[First Battle of Beleriand|invaded]] Beleriand, cutting Thingol off from his other strong allies, the [[Falathrim]]. But Ossiriand was wide and Morgoth could not sever that connection. Thingol called Denethor to his aid, and the Laegrim came. Thingol attacked the orc-host from the west, and the Laegrim from the east, creating a hammer-and-anvil technique that succeeded. But this victory came at great cost. The Laegrim were lightly-armed, and the orcs shod in iron. Denethor was cut off at [[Amon Ereb]]; he and all those nearest about him were killed before Thingol could rescue him. The Laegrim loved him and mourned his loss, and henceforth would take no king. They became reclusive, pulling away from the many troubles of Beleriand, and fighting no longer against Belegurth.<ref name=sindar />

When the [[Noldor]] returned from over the [[Belegaer|Sea]], they gave the Laegrim the name (in [[Quenya]]) ''[[Laiquendi]]''. The Laiquendi did not participate in the great events of Beleriand throughout the First Age. The Laiquendi accepted [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]], who came to [[Tol Galen]] in the midst of their lands, and made it one of the most beautiful places in Beleriand. After the dreadful sack of Doriath and death of Thingol, many of the Laiquendi joined Beren in the [[Battle of Sarn Athrad]]. The Green-elves later sent the news to King [[Dior|Dior Eluchíl]] of the final deaths of Beren and Lúthien.<ref name="ref3">{{S|Doriath}}</ref>

After the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]], the [[Sons of Fëanor]] wandered in the lands of the Laiquendi, bereft of lands, often mixing with them.<ref name="ref4">{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

===Second Age===
(''Henceforth see also [[Galadhrim]] and [[Elves of Mirkwood]]'')

After the [[War of Wrath]], Ossiriand survived no longer, and the survivors of the Laiquendi once more merged back into the main Nandorin population, who now were spread over the face of Middle-earth. The Nandor on both sides of the mountain range were of a somewhat less pure strain, those in Ossiriand having mixed blood with some [[Sindar]], and those in the east having mixed blood with the [[Avari]] who came westwards. As the Second Age went on, the blood became even more mixed. Even their language changed from [[Nandorin]] to [[Sindarin]]. Gradually, the Nandor were changing into what became known as ''Silvan Elves'' or ''Tawarwaith'', meaning "Forest People"<ref name="ref5">{{UT|Galadriel}}, Appendices A & B</ref>.

The Nandor, now known in their impure state as Tawarwaith, were soon pushed into refuge when [[Sauron]] rose to challenge elven power in Middle-earth. Some were forced to take refuge with the [[Noldor]], who although weakened were still very powerful, in [[Lindon]] and [[Rivendell|Imladris]]. Others dwelt with [[Círdan]] the Sinda in [[Mithlond]], and still others hid in their ancient forest homes [[Lórinand]] and [[Mirkwood|Eryn Galen]]. They took leaders from the pure-blood clans of Noldor and Sindar; in the case of the latter two refuges, the Sindarin lords [[Amdír]] and [[Oropher]] respectively.

The Tawarwaith of Lórinand (the ''[[Galadhrim]]'') and Eryn Galen played mostly a small role in the events of the [[Second Age]], as they had in the First. Amdír and Oropher built up their kingdoms as the shadow of Sauron grew longer and longer, and evil more powerful. Both Amdír and Oropher took great hosts to join the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]], and fought in the [[War of the Last Alliance|war that followed]]. Both hosts suffered immense losses; Amdír was cut off and killed in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] with many of his followers, while Oropher rashly disobeyed King [[Gil-galad]] in [[Mordor]] and fell beside two thirds of the entire company<ref name="ref5" />. The Tawarwaith entered the [[Third Age]] greatly weakened and disheartened, despite the seemingly final defeat of Sauron.

===Third Age===

Lórinand, now known as [[Lothlórien]], and Eryn Galen, now known as [[Mirkwood]], continued to host the larger populations of Tawarwaith. [[Amroth]] took over in Lothlórien, later passing the rulership on to [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]], while [[Thranduil]] became king in Mirkwood. Under these rulers, the Tawarwaith prospered and became numerous once more, while the Noldor and Sindar were in slow but steady decline. Yet though mostly inactive, they were watchful of the growing of [[men]] and the ominous change the Third Age would bring<ref name="ref5" />.

But the elves of both Lothlórien and Mirkwood were threatened by a new evil growing in south Mirkwood. The [[Necromancer]] was building [[Dol Guldur]]. As the Third Age continued and Sauron rose, the [[White Council]] was formed. Sauron was driven from Dol Guldur several times, but the Tawarwaith were still for the most part impassive. Eventually, the [[War of the Ring]] came. [[Legolas]], Thranduil’s son, became a hero of that war, while both Lothlórien and Mirkwood were invaded by Dol Guldur in the [[Rhovanion Campaign (WotR)|Rhovanion Campaign]]. All attacks were repulsed, and Dol Guldur was [[Fall of Dol Guldur|thrown down]] at last in a grand counterattack by Celeborn and his forces<ref name="ref6">''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[Appendix B]]''</ref>. Mirkwood was renamed ''[[Eryn Lasgalen]]''. Yet the Silvan population was again diminished. Galadriel and Celeborn passed west, and the light of Lórien faded.

Throughout the [[Fourth Age]] they aided the rising [[Reunited Kingdom]], making [[Ithilien]] green, for instance<ref name="ref7">''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', ''[[Appendix A]]''</ref>. Their eventual fate was to pass west to the land they had never seen, or else to remain in Middle-earth Changed and fade into forgetfulness.
==Etymology==

''Nandor'' is a [[Quenya]] name, meaning "Those who go back",<ref>{{WJ|C}}, p. 384</ref> apparently containing the element ''[[nan-]]''.

*''See also: [[Nandor (Qenya)‎]]''

==Names==

The Nandor were also known by many other names: the Host of Dân, the Wood-elves, the Wanderers, the Axe-elves, the [[Green-elves|Green Elves]], the Brown Elves, the Hidden People.<ref>{{MR|P3I3}}, p. 164</ref>

{{elves}}
{{references}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Nandor| ]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[de:Laiquendi]]
[[de:Nandor]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/teleri/laiquendi]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/teleri/nandor]]
[[fi:Laiquendi]]
[[fi:Nandor (kansa)]]

Silvan Elves

2019-03-16T23:43:45Z

72.141.101.237:

{{people infobox
| name=Silvan Elves
| image=[[File:Rob Alexander - Elven Cloak.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Elven Cloak" by Rob Alexander
| pronun=
| othernames=Tawarwaith
| origin=[[Teleri]] who fell away from the [[Great Journey]] and remained among the forests of the [[Vales of Anduin]]
| location=[[Lothlórien]], [[East Lórien]], [[Edhellond]], [[Woodland Realm]], [[Ithilien]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]
| rivalry=[[Dwarves]]
| language=[[Silvan Elvish]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]
| members=[[Nimrodel]], [[Mithrellas]], [[Galion]], [[Haldir]], [[Rúmil (Elf of Lórien)|Rúmil]], [[Orophin]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=Secretive, lovers of the forests and animals, less wise and more dangerous than other [[Eldar]]
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Silvan Elves''' ([[Sindarin|S]] '''''Tawarwaith''''') were the reclusive, forest-dwelling [[Elves]] of [[Middle-earth]]. In the late [[Third Age]], the Silvan Elves mostly belonged either to the [[Galadhrim]] or to the [[Elves of Mirkwood]].<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

==History==

The Silvan Elves were descendants of the [[Nandor]] (and thus in origin [[Teleri]]), who had lingered in the [[Vales of Anduin|Anduin Vales]] during the [[Great Journey]] of the [[Eldar]] in the [[Elder Days]]. The Silvan Elves hid themselves in their woodland realms beyond the [[Misty Mountains]] and became a scattered folk hardly distinguishable from [[Avari]].<ref name="SE-UTa">{{UT|6a}}</ref> While some of the Nandor continued to [[Eriador]] and later entered [[Ossiriand]], some remained in the [[Vales of Anduin]], and from these latter originated the Silvan elves.<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

In the early [[Second Age]], after the [[War of Wrath]], [[Oropher]] of [[Doriath]] (father of [[Thranduil]] and grandfather of [[Legolas]]) along with few of the [[Sindar]] came to forest realm east of [[Misty Mountains]]. He became the King of the Silvan Elves and established the [[Woodland Realm]] of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]] ([[Sindarin|S]] '''Eryn Galen'''). The culture of Silvan folk was rude and rustic compared to the [[Beleriand|Beleriandic]] culture of the Sindar.<ref name="SE-UTb">{{UT|6b}}</ref> But soon the Sindar merged with the Silvan Elves and adopted their language, took names of Silvan form and style. This language was a dialect of Sindarin known as [[Silvan Elvish]].<ref name="SE-UTb"/> On the eastern side of the Misty Mountains, [[Amdír]] (father of [[Amroth]]), another Sinda leader came to the land known as [[Laurelindórenan]] (or Lórinand) and ruled over the Silvan elves as their King.

It is also told that the some of the western [[Avari]], dwelling in Eriador and the Anduin Vales, were friendly to the [[Eldar]], and came to merge with the Silvan elves. These were [[Nelyar|Nelyarin]] Avari ([[Penni]]), from the third Clan (and therefore remotely akin to the Nandor and Sindar).<ref>{{WJ|C}}, pp. 381, 410</ref><ref group=note>It is not known if this merge occurred during the Elder Days, or during the Second or Third Ages.</ref>

In the early [[Third Age]], remnants of the Noldorin realms such as [[Lindon]] and [[Eregion]] sought new dwellings in more eastern lands and the Silvan Elves of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]] experienced an influx of [[Noldor]] (and Sindar) who had survived the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]].<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

==Etymology==

The English adjective ''[[Wiktionary:silvan|silvan]]'' means "of, characteristic of, or consisting of woods or forests" or "living or located in woods or forests".<ref>"[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/silvan silvan]" at [http://dictionary.reference.com Dictionary.reference.com] (Collins English Dictionary; accessed 17 July 2011)</ref>

==Names==

An [[Elvish]] name for the Silvan Elves was '''''Tawarwaith'''''. It has been suggested that ''Tawarwaith'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''tawar'' (wood, forest) + ''[[gwaith]]'' (people).<ref>[http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth] at [http://www.tolkiendil.com Tolkiendil.com] (accessed 17 July 2011)</ref><ref>[[Didier Willis]], [http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/sindar/online/english.html Hiswelókë's Sindarin Dictionary] at [http://www.jrrvf.com/haut.shtml Jrrvf.com] (accessed 17 July 2011)</ref>

{{elves}}
{{references|note}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Silvan Elves| ]]

[[de:Waldelben]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/teleri/tawarwaith]]
[[fi:Tawarwaith]]

Silvan Elves

2019-03-16T23:43:04Z

72.141.101.237: wood-elves refer specifically to the elves of mirkwood; not silvan elves in general

{{people infobox
| name=Silvan Elves
| image=[[File:Rob Alexander - Elven Cloak.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Elven Cloak" by Rob Alexander
| pronun=
| othernames=Tawarwaith
| origin=[[Teleri]] who fell away from the [[Great Journey]] and remained among the forests of the [[Vales of Anduin]]
| location=[[Lothlórien]], [[East Lórien]], [[Edhellond]], [[Woodland Realm]], [[Ithilien]]
| affiliation=[[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]
| rivalry=[[Dwarves]]
| language=[[Silvan Elvish]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]
| members=[[Nimrodel]], [[Mithrellas]], [[Galion]], [[Haldir]], [[Rúmil (Elf of Lórien)|Rúmil]], [[Orophin]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=Secretive, lovers of the forests and animals, less wise and more dangerous than other [[Eldar]]
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Silvan Elves''' ([[Sindarin|S]] '''''Tawarwaith'''''), were the reclusive, forest-dwelling [[Elves]] of [[Middle-earth]]. In the late [[Third Age]], the Silvan Elves mostly belonged either to the [[Galadhrim]] or to the [[Elves of Mirkwood]].<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

==History==

The Silvan Elves were descendants of the [[Nandor]] (and thus in origin [[Teleri]]), who had lingered in the [[Vales of Anduin|Anduin Vales]] during the [[Great Journey]] of the [[Eldar]] in the [[Elder Days]]. The Silvan Elves hid themselves in their woodland realms beyond the [[Misty Mountains]] and became a scattered folk hardly distinguishable from [[Avari]].<ref name="SE-UTa">{{UT|6a}}</ref> While some of the Nandor continued to [[Eriador]] and later entered [[Ossiriand]], some remained in the [[Vales of Anduin]], and from these latter originated the Silvan elves.<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

In the early [[Second Age]], after the [[War of Wrath]], [[Oropher]] of [[Doriath]] (father of [[Thranduil]] and grandfather of [[Legolas]]) along with few of the [[Sindar]] came to forest realm east of [[Misty Mountains]]. He became the King of the Silvan Elves and established the [[Woodland Realm]] of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]] ([[Sindarin|S]] '''Eryn Galen'''). The culture of Silvan folk was rude and rustic compared to the [[Beleriand|Beleriandic]] culture of the Sindar.<ref name="SE-UTb">{{UT|6b}}</ref> But soon the Sindar merged with the Silvan Elves and adopted their language, took names of Silvan form and style. This language was a dialect of Sindarin known as [[Silvan Elvish]].<ref name="SE-UTb"/> On the eastern side of the Misty Mountains, [[Amdír]] (father of [[Amroth]]), another Sinda leader came to the land known as [[Laurelindórenan]] (or Lórinand) and ruled over the Silvan elves as their King.

It is also told that the some of the western [[Avari]], dwelling in Eriador and the Anduin Vales, were friendly to the [[Eldar]], and came to merge with the Silvan elves. These were [[Nelyar|Nelyarin]] Avari ([[Penni]]), from the third Clan (and therefore remotely akin to the Nandor and Sindar).<ref>{{WJ|C}}, pp. 381, 410</ref><ref group=note>It is not known if this merge occurred during the Elder Days, or during the Second or Third Ages.</ref>

In the early [[Third Age]], remnants of the Noldorin realms such as [[Lindon]] and [[Eregion]] sought new dwellings in more eastern lands and the Silvan Elves of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]] experienced an influx of [[Noldor]] (and Sindar) who had survived the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]].<ref name="SE-UTa"/>

==Etymology==

The English adjective ''[[Wiktionary:silvan|silvan]]'' means "of, characteristic of, or consisting of woods or forests" or "living or located in woods or forests".<ref>"[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/silvan silvan]" at [http://dictionary.reference.com Dictionary.reference.com] (Collins English Dictionary; accessed 17 July 2011)</ref>

==Names==

An [[Elvish]] name for the Silvan Elves was '''''Tawarwaith'''''. It has been suggested that ''Tawarwaith'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, consisting of ''tawar'' (wood, forest) + ''[[gwaith]]'' (people).<ref>[http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth] at [http://www.tolkiendil.com Tolkiendil.com] (accessed 17 July 2011)</ref><ref>[[Didier Willis]], [http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/sindar/online/english.html Hiswelókë's Sindarin Dictionary] at [http://www.jrrvf.com/haut.shtml Jrrvf.com] (accessed 17 July 2011)</ref>

{{elves}}
{{references|note}}
[[Category:Elven peoples]]
[[Category:Silvan Elves| ]]

[[de:Waldelben]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/teleri/tawarwaith]]
[[fi:Tawarwaith]]

Húrin of Emyn Arnen

2019-03-16T23:21:48Z

72.141.101.237:

{{disambig-more|Húrin|[[Húrin (disambiguation)]]}}
{{gondorian infobox
| name=Húrin
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames="of Emyn Arnen"
| titles=[[Steward of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Mid-[[Third Age]]
| birthlocation=[[Emyn Arnen]]<ref name="Stewards">{{App|Stewards}}</ref>
| rule=c. 1630s<ref>Obviously alive in {{TA|1634}} when Minardil was slain; cf. {{HM|Guide}}, p. 208</ref>
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=Founded the [[House of Húrin]]
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=Ancestor of [[Pelendur]]<ref name="Stewards"/>
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}'''Húrin of Emyn Arnen''' was the first recorded [[Steward of Gondor]].

==History==
Húrin came from the hill region of [[Emyn Arnen]] and of noble [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] descent. Being a noble of high trust and wisdom, he was chosen to serve under King [[Minardil]] as [[Steward of Gondor]].<ref name="Stewards">{{App|Stewards}}</ref> During his service, Húrin laboured greatly on Gondor's behalf in the days of the [[Great Plague]].<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}</ref>

Minardil's heirs opted to select their own Stewards not from any noble [[Gondorians]], but from Húrin's sons and descendants; thus Stewardship was connected to the [[House of Húrin]], and [[Pelendur|after some generations]] it became hereditary.<ref name="Stewards"/>
==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | HUR |HUR='''HÚRIN''' ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |:| |}}
{{familytree | |:| |}}
{{familytree | PEL |PEL=[[Pelendur]] ''{{TA|1879|n}} - {{TA|1998|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| |}}
{{familytree | VOR |VOR=[[Vorondil]] ''{{TA|1919|n}} - {{TA|2029|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house=Founder of [[House of Húrin]]
| born=Mid-Third Age
| died=Mid-Third Age
}}
{{seq
| pvac=Unknown
| list=[[Steward of Gondor|Steward to the King of Gondor]]
| dates=Mid-[[Third Age]]
| nvac=Unknown
| next=Next known: [[Pelendur]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{southernline}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hurin}}
[[Category:Dúnedain]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:House of Húrin]]
[[Category:Stewards]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

Pelendur

2019-03-16T23:21:23Z

72.141.101.237:

{{gondorian infobox
| name=Pelendur
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Steward of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth={{TA|1879}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death={{TA|1998}}
| deathlocation=
| age=119
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Húrin]]
| parentage=Descendant of [[Húrin of Emyn Arnen]]<ref>{{App|Stewards}}</ref>
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=[[Vorondil]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Pelendur''' ([[Third Age]] {{TA|1879|n}}<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, p. 204</ref> – {{TA|1998|n}},<ref name="South">{{App|South}}</ref> aged 119 years) was a Steward of [[Gondor]], serving the Kings [[Ondoher]] and [[Eärnil II]].
==History==
Pelendur was a descendant of [[Húrin of Emyn Arnen]], an earlier Steward. All Stewards since Húrin had been chosen from among his descendants; after Pelendur the Stewardship became hereditary within the [[House of Húrin]].<ref>{{App|Stewards}}</ref>

In {{TA|1944}} King Ondoher and his two sons, [[Artamir]] and [[Faramir (son of Ondoher)|Faramir]] fell in battle north of the [[Morannon]]. With the king and all of his male heirs dead, Pelendur ruled Gondor until a new king could be selected. There were two claimants for the throne: Prince [[Arvedui]] of [[Arthedain]] and general [[Eärnil II|Eärnil]] who had defeated both the army of [[Harad]] near the River [[Poros]] and the [[Wainriders]] in the [[Battle of the Camp]].

Arvedui’s claim was based upon his descent from [[Isildur]] and upon his marriage to [[Fíriel]], Ondoher’s only remaining child. Pelendur played the chief part in rejecting Arvedui's claim. He contended that the crown belonged to the heirs of [[Meneldil]], son of [[Anárion]], since Isildur had relinquished the realm of Gondor. Also, he stated that the heritage of royalty was reckoned only through the sons. Although Arvedui countered Pelendur with strong arguments, in the end the [[Council of Gondor]] chose Eärnil, by virtue of his outstanding victories and because he was of the royal house (to the [[Dúnedain]] of Gondor the realm in [[Arthedain]] seemed a small thing and all of them gave their support to Eärnil).<ref>{{App|Gondor}}</ref>

Eärnil was crowned as Eärnil II in {{TA|1945}} and Pelendur continued to serve as his Steward until his death in {{TA|1998|n}}.<ref name="South"/> Upon his death the title of the Steward became hereditary, and the office was assumed by his son, [[Vorondil]].

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | HUR |HUR=[[Húrin of Emyn Arnen|Húrin of Emyn Arnen]] ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |:| |}}
{{familytree | |:| |}}
{{familytree | PEL |PEL='''PELENDUR''' ''{{TA|1879|n}} - {{TA|1998|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| |}}
{{familytree | VOR |VOR=[[Vorondil]] ''{{TA|1919|n}} - {{TA|2029|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| |}}
{{familytree | MAR |MAR=[[Mardil|Mardil Voronwë]] ''{{TA|1960|n}} - {{TA|2080|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house=[[House of Húrin]]
| born={{TA|1879}}
| died={{TA|1998}}
}}
{{seq
| pvac=Unknown
| prev=Last known: [[Húrin of Emyn Arnen]]
| list=[[Steward of Gondor|Steward to the King of Gondor]]
| dates=unknown – {{TA|1944}}
| nvac=Himself
| next=As Ruling Steward
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=Position created
| list=[[Ruling Steward|Ruling Steward of Gondor]]
| dates={{TA|1944}} – {{TA|1945|n}}
| nvac=Himself
| next=As Steward
}}
{{seq
| pvac=Himself
| prev=As Ruling Steward
| list=[[Steward of Gondor|Steward to the King of Gondor]]
| dates={{TA|1945}} – {{TA|1998|n}}
| next=[[Vorondil]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{rulingstewards}}
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:House of Húrin]]
[[Category:Ruling stewards]]
[[Category:Quenya names]]
[[Category:Stewards]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Pelendur]]
[[fi:Pelendur]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/hommes/3a/dunedain/gondoriens/pelendur]]

Húrin of Emyn Arnen

2019-03-16T23:19:17Z

72.141.101.237: cleaned up

{{disambig-more|Húrin|[[Húrin (disambiguation)]]}}
{{gondorian infobox
| name=Húrin
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames="of Emyn Arnen"
| titles=[[Steward of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Mid-[[Third Age]]
| birthlocation=[[Emyn Arnen]]<ref name="Stewards">{{App|Stewards}}</ref>
| rule=c. 1630s<ref>Obviously alive in {{TA|1634}} when Minardil was slain; cf. {{HM|Guide}}, p. 208</ref>
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=Founded the [[House of Húrin]]
| parentage=Ancestor of [[Pelendur]]<ref name="Stewards"/>
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}'''Húrin of Emyn Arnen''' was the first recorded [[Steward of Gondor]].

==History==
Húrin came from the hill region of [[Emyn Arnen]] and of noble [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] descent. Being a noble of high trust and wisdom, he was chosen to serve under King [[Minardil]] as [[Steward of Gondor]].<ref name="Stewards">{{App|Stewards}}</ref> During his service, Húrin laboured greatly on Gondor's behalf in the days of the [[Great Plague]].<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}</ref>

Minardil's heirs opted to select their own Stewards not from any noble [[Gondorians]], but from Húrin's sons and descendants; thus Stewardship was connected to the [[House of Húrin]], and [[Pelendur|after some generations]] it became hereditary.<ref name="Stewards"/>
==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | HUR |HUR='''HÚRIN''' ''fl. {{TA|1634|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |:| |}}
{{familytree | |:| |}}
{{familytree | PEL |PEL=[[Pelendur]] ''{{TA|1879|n}} - {{TA|1998|n}}''}}
{{familytree | |!| |}}
{{familytree | VOR |VOR=[[Vorondil]] ''{{TA|1919|n}} - {{TA|2029|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}
{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house=Founder of [[House of Húrin]]
| born=Mid-Third Age
| died=Mid-Third Age
}}
{{seq
| pvac=Unknown
| list=[[Steward of Gondor|Steward to the King of Gondor]]
| dates=Mid-[[Third Age]]
| nvac=Unknown
| next=Next known: [[Pelendur]]
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{southernline}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hurin}}
[[Category:Dúnedain]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:House of Húrin]]
[[Category:Stewards]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

Elboron

2019-03-16T23:13:14Z

72.141.101.237:

{{gondorian infobox
| name=Elboron
| image=[[File:Anke Eißmann - Family Portrait.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Family Portrait" by [[Anke Eißmann]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Prince of Ithilien]]<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, p.221</ref>
 [[Steward of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Ithilien]], [[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Early [[Fourth Age]]
| birthlocation=
| rule={{FoA|82}} - Unknown
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Húrin]]
| parentage=[[Faramir]] and [[Éowyn]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=Ancestor of [[Barahir (grandson of Faramir)|Barahir]]<ref>{{FR|Records}}</ref>
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}'''Elboron''' was the second [[Prince of Ithilien]], and [[Steward of Gondor|Steward]] to [[Aragorn|King Elessar]].

==History==
Elboron was the son of [[Faramir]] and [[Éowyn]]. He became the second [[Prince of Ithilien]] and the [[Steward of Gondor]] after the death of his father in [[Fourth Age 82]]. He served as Steward to Elessar and possibly also [[Eldarion]].<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, p.221</ref>

Elboron was either the father or uncle of [[Barahir (grandson of Faramir)|Barahir]], the grandson of Faramir who wrote ''[[The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen]]''.<ref>{{FR|Records}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Elboron'' may mean "Enduring Star", from ''[[elen]]'' ("star") and ''[[boron]]'' ("long-lasting, enduring").

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | DOL | | STE | | | | | | ROH |DOL=[[Princes of Dol Amroth|''Princes of Dol Amroth'']]|STE=[[Ruling Steward|''Ruling Stewards of Gondor'']]|ROH=[[Kings of Rohan|''Kings of Rohan'']]}}
{{familytree | |:| | | |:| | | | | | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | FIN |y| DEN | | EOM |y| THE |FIN=[[Finduilas (wife of Denethor)|Finduilas]] ''{{TA|2950|n}} - {{TA|2988|n}}''|DEN=[[Denethor|Denethor II]] ''{{TA|2930|n}} - {{TA|3019|n}}''†|EOM=[[Éomund]] ''d. {{TA|3002|n}}''†|THE=[[Théodwyn]] ''{{TA|2963|n}} - {{TA|3002|n}}''†}}
{{familytree | | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | BOR | | FAR |y| EOW | | |BOR=[[Boromir]] ''{{TA|2978|n}} - {{TA|3019|n}}''†|FAR=[[Faramir]] ''{{TA|2983|n}} - {{FoA|82}}''|EOW=[[Éowyn]] ''b. {{TA|2995|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | ELB | | | | |ELB='''ELBORON''' ''unknown''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house= [[House of Húrin]]
| born={{FoA}} Unknown
| died={{FoA}} Unknown
}}
{{seq
| pvac=[[Faramir]]
| prow=2
| list=[[Steward of Gondor|Steward to the King of Gondor]]
| dates={{FoA|82}} - ''unknown''
| next=unknown
| nrow=2
}}
{{seq
| list=2nd [[Prince of Ithilien]]
| dates={{FoA|82}} - ''unknown''
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{southernline}}
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Stewards]]
[[de:Elboron]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hommes:4a:gondoriens:elboron]]
[[fi:Elboron (Faramirin poika)]]

Edhellond

2019-03-16T22:31:29Z

72.141.101.237:

{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}
{{location infobox
| name=Edhellond
| image=[[File:John Howe - Edhellond.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Edhellond" by [[John Howe]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Amroth's Haven<ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref>
| location=Southern [[Gondor]], confluence of the [[Ringló]] and [[Morthond]] rivers
| type=Harbour
| description=A far southern haven of the [[Elves]]
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Sindar]], [[Silvan Elves]]
| created=Late [[First Age]]<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 236</ref>
| destroyed=
| events=Loss of [[Amroth]]
}}
'''Edhellond''' was an ancient harbour in southern [[Gondor]]. It had been established south-west of where the [[Ringló]] entered the [[Morthond]],<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref> near where the combined waters flowed into [[Cobas Haven]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIV}}, West, p. 434</ref>

==History==
Edhellond was founded in the late [[First Age]] by seafaring [[Sindar]] from the west havens of [[Beleriand]] who fled in three small ships when the power of [[Morgoth]] overwhelmed the [[Eldar]] and the [[Edain]]; but it was later increased by adventurers of the [[Silvan Elves]] seeking for the sea who came down [[Anduin]].<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 236</ref>

From Edhellond, Elves began sailing westward from the time of the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]] (in {{SA|1697}}<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref>).<ref name="Preface">{{ATB|Preface}}</ref>

According to one story, Silvan Elves accompanied [[Galadriel]] from [[Lothlórien|Lórien]] to this region after the defeat of [[Sauron]] in [[Eriador]] in the middle of the Second Age.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, p. 240</ref> Another account states that [[Amroth]] ruled among the [[Silvan Elves]] here in the Second Age.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>

[[Amroth]], [[King of Lórien]], was lost at sea near Edhellond in {{TA|1981|n}} when he attempted to swim to shore to seek his beloved [[Nimrodel the Elf-maid|Nimrodel]]. The ship from which he jumped overboard was the last ship of [[Elves]] to leave from Edhellond, which was deserted from then on,<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, pp. 241-242</ref> although remembered in the traditions of Men in Gondor.<ref name="Preface"/>

== Etymology ==
Edhellond means "Elf Haven" in [[Sindarin]] (from ''[[edhel]]'' = "Elf"<ref>{{S|Appendix}} ''edhel''</ref> and ''[[lond]]'' = "harbour, haven"<ref>{{S|Appendix}} ''londë''</ref>).

{{references}}
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]
[[Category:Gondor]]
[[Category:Harbours]]
[[de:Edhellond]]
[[fi:Edhellond]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:gondor:edhellond]]

Edhellond

2019-03-16T22:30:54Z

72.141.101.237:

{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}
{{location infobox
| name=Edhellond
| image=[[File:John Howe - Edhellond.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Edhellond" by [[John Howe]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Amroth's Haven<ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref>
| location=Southern [[Gondor]], confluence of the [[Ringló]] and [[Morthond]] rivers
| type=Harbour
| description=A far southern haven of the [[Elves]]
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Sindar]], [[Silvan Elves]]
| created=Late [[First Age]]<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 236</ref>
| destroyed=
| events=Loss of [[Amroth]]
}}
'''Edhellond''' was an ancient harbour in southern [[Gondor]]. It had been established south-west of where the [[Ringló]] entered the [[Morthond]],<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref> near where the combined waters flowed into [[Cobas Haven]].<ref>{{WR|3|XIV}}, West, p. 434</ref>

==History==
Edhellond was founded in the late [[First Age]] by seafaring [[Sindar]] from the west havens of [[Beleriand]] who fled in three small ships when the power of [[Morgoth]] overwhelmed the [[Eldar]] and the [[Edain]]; but it was later increased by adventurers of the [[Silvan Elves]] seeking for the sea who came down [[Anduin]].<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 236</ref>

From Edhellond, Elves began sailing westward from the time of the [[Sack of Eregion|fall of Eregion]] (in {{SA|1697}}<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref>).<ref name="Preface">{{ATB|Preface}}</ref>

According to one story, Other accounts say that Silvan Elves accompanied [[Galadriel]] from [[Lothlórien|Lórien]] to this region after the defeat of [[Sauron]] in [[Eriador]] in the middle of the Second Age.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}, p. 240</ref> Another account states that [[Amroth]] ruled among the [[Silvan Elves]] here in the Second Age.<ref>{{UT|Wife}}</ref>

[[Amroth]], [[King of Lórien]], was lost at sea near Edhellond in {{TA|1981|n}} when he attempted to swim to shore to seek his beloved [[Nimrodel the Elf-maid|Nimrodel]]. The ship from which he jumped overboard was the last ship of [[Elves]] to leave from Edhellond, which was deserted from then on,<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, pp. 241-242</ref> although remembered in the traditions of Men in Gondor.<ref name="Preface"/>

== Etymology ==
Edhellond means "Elf Haven" in [[Sindarin]] (from ''[[edhel]]'' = "Elf"<ref>{{S|Appendix}} ''edhel''</ref> and ''[[lond]]'' = "harbour, haven"<ref>{{S|Appendix}} ''londë''</ref>).

{{references}}
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]
[[Category:Gondor]]
[[Category:Harbours]]
[[de:Edhellond]]
[[fi:Edhellond]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:gondor:edhellond]]

First Siege of Imladris

2019-03-16T21:38:33Z

72.141.101.237: /* Prelude */

{{battle
|name=First Siege of Imladris
|image=
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date={{SA|1697}} - {{SA|1700}}
|place=[[Rivendell|Imladris]]
|result=Victory for Elrond's forces; siege lifted
|side1=[[Elves of Eregion]] and [[Elves of Lindon]]
|side2=Hosts of [[Mordor]]
|commanders1={{Gil-galad blazon}}
*[[Elrond]]
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=Large force of [[Elves of Eregion]] remnants and [[Elves of Lindon]]
|forces2=Large force of [[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness|Evil Men]], and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=
|casual2=
}}
The '''First Siege of Imladris''' was a siege of [[Elrond]]'s refuge by [[Sauron]]'s forces during the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]] in the [[Second Age]].

==Prelude==
In {{SA|1200}} [[Sauron]] came to [[Eregion]] in disguise, claiming to be an emissary of the [[Valar]] sent to offer aid to the [[Eldar]]. Although rejected by [[Gil-galad]] he was able to win over [[Celebrimbor]] and the smiths of Eregion. The brotherhood of smiths, the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], profited from his knowledge<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> and around {{SA|1500|n}} they began forging the [[Rings of Power]], finishing them in {{SA|1590|n}}.<ref name="SA">{{App|SA}}</ref> Unbeknownst to them, Sauron (who had returned to [[Mordor]]) created a master [[One Ring|Ring]] to rule the others. However, Celebrimbor perceived the designs of Sauron and prevented use of the [[Three Rings]].

Infuriated by Celebrimbor's defiance, Sauron led a host out of Mordor.<ref name="Galadriel"/> In {{SA|1695|n}} this army invaded [[Eriador]] from the south.<ref name="SA"/> Gil-galad sent out a force under the command of [[Elrond]] which joined with Celebrimbor, but they were unable to prevent Sauron from conquering Eregion. Celebrimbor was captured and killed. Elrond too would have been overwhelmed but for an attack upon Sauron's force from the rear by [[Dwarves]] from [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]] and many [[Galadhrim]] lead by [[Amroth]].<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> Elrond was able to gather what remained of the Elves of Eregion and retreated northward.<ref name="Galadriel"/>

==The Battle==
In {{SA|1697|n}} Elrond founded the refuge of [[Imladris]]. Sauron did not immediately pursue Elrond, turning his attention upon the Dwarves and Elves from [[Lothlórien]]. Once they were driven back into Khazad-dûm and the gates were shut, Sauron sought to overrun all of Eriador. While Sauron sent most of his army west to attack [[Lindon]] he had to leave a strong detachment behind to contain Elrond.<ref name="Galadriel"/>

The siege lasted until {{SA|1700|n}} when a great [[Númenórean]] navy, sent by [[Tar-Minastir]], arrived in Lindon.<ref name="SA"/> The might of [[Númenor]] broke Sauron's army at the [[Lhûn]] and crushed his forces at the [[Battle of the Gwathló]]. The army he had left besieging Imladris was caught between Elrond and Gil-galad and utterly destroyed, thus ending the siege.

==Aftermath==
A Council was held in the wake of Sauron's defeat. Given the devastation of Eregion it was decided that Imladris should become the new Elvish stronghold in eastern Eriador. In recognition of his efforts, Gil-galad bestowed the ring [[Vilya]] upon Elrond at this time and made him his vice-regent.<ref name="Galadriel"/> Elrond maintained Imladris from then on until the end of the [[Third Age]] when he departed from Middle-earth.<ref>{{App|Chief}}</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Sieges]]

Amroth

2019-03-16T21:36:47Z

72.141.101.237:

{{sources}}{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}
{{sindar infobox
| name=Amroth
| image=[[Image:Olga Kukhtenkova - Amroth.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Amroth" by [[:Category:Images by Olga Kukhtenkova|Olga Kukhtenkova]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[King of Lórien]]
| position=
| location=[[Lothlórien]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Sindarin]] and [[Silvan Elvish]]
| birth=
| birthlocation=
| rule={{SA|3434}} - {{TA|1981}} (1988 years)
| death={{TA|1981}}
| deathlocation=[[Bay of Belfalas]]
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=
| parentage=[[Amdír]]
| siblings=
| spouse=[[Nimrodel]] (betrothed)
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Amroth''' was an [[Elves|Elf]] of [[Lothlórien|Lórien]].

==History==
Amroth was the son of [[Amdír]], the [[Sindar]]in [[King of Lórien]]. He lead a force of [[Galadhrim]] to the aid of [[Elrond]] during the [[War of the Elves and Sauron]], only to be driven back by the forces of [[Mordor]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> After his father's death in {{SA|3434}} in the [[Battle of Dagorlad]], he became [[King of Lórien]]. He lived for a long time in peace in the manner of the [[Silvan Elves]], because of his love for [[Nimrodel]].

Nimrodel however hated the [[elves]] who came from the West, [[Sindar]] and [[Noldor]], and the wars they brought to [[Middle-earth]]. After many debates, Nimrodel said to Amroth that she would marry him if he took her to a land of peace. Such a land no longer existed in Middle-earth, but Amroth spoke about the Havens in the South such as [[Edhellond]], and the way to the [[Aman|Ancient West]].

Together, they began a journey to the south. They went to [[Gondor]] in the days of [[Eärnil II]], but then they were separated. Amroth went to the Havens alone and there he found a few [[Elves]] who wanted to sail to the West. But they wouldn't wait for [[Nimrodel]].

Finally, because of the great love that Amroth bore towards her, they waited, living on their ship till the end of the autumn. One night, they faced a great storm that led their ship to unknown seas. The ship finally found its way to [[Tol Eressëa]] and was never to be seen in Middle-earth again. But Amroth, in the dawn, when he realized that the ship was far away, leapt into the sea and fought against the waves, and by the [[Bay of Belfalas]], he drowned.<ref>{{UT|6}}</ref>

The hill near which he drowned was named [[Dol Amroth]] to honor him; the Elvish settlement became a [[Men|Mannish]] realm as the last Elves of that land departed for the West.<ref>{{App|B2}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Amroth translates to "up-climber" which makes sense as in some versions of the legendarium he was the inventor of the [[talan]] or [[flet]].

The name Amroth is originally from a [[Silvan Elvish]] dialect.<ref>{{App|F1}}</ref>

==Other Versions==
In earlier versions of the legendarium, Amroth was briefly [[Galadriel]] and [[Celeborn]]'s son, brother to [[Celebrían]]. In this version of the legendarium, he lived in [[Eregion]] and fled with [[Galadriel]] and [[Celebrían]] after the revolt of the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]] encouraged by [[Sauron]] between {{SA}} 1350 and 1400. He led an attack on [[Sauron]]'s forces and fought with the host of Dúrin in about {{SA|1697}}. Later, [[Galadriel]] left the [[Lothlorien|Lórinand]] to Amroth when she went to dwell by the sea.

== Genealogy ==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| AMD | | | | | |AMD=[[Amdír]]''d. {{SA|3434}}''}}
{{familytree| |!| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| AMR |~| NIM | |AMR='''AMROTH'''''d. {{TA|1981}}''|NIM=[[Nimrodel]] ''fl. {{TA|1981}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==See also==
* '''[[:Category:Images of Amroth|Images of Amroth]]'''

{{references}}
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:Sindar]]
[[Category:Rulers of Middle-earth]]
[[de:Amroth]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/teleri/sindar/amroth]]
[[fi:Amroth]]

Sack of Eregion

2019-03-16T21:11:02Z

72.141.101.237:

{{expansion}}
{{battle
|name=Sack of Eregion
|image=[[File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - City of Ost-in-Edhil mural.jpg|300px]]
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date={{SA|1697}}
|place=[[Eregion]]
|result=Destruction of Eregion, founding of [[Imladris]], [[Doors of Durin]] shut
|side1=[[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]], and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]
|side2=Hosts of [[Mordor]]
|commanders1=
{{Celebrimbor blazon|died}}
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Celeborn]]
*[[Amroth]]
*[[Durin III]]
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=Large force of [[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]], and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]
|forces2=Large force of [[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness|Evil Men]], and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=Many Elves and Dwarves; most notably [[Celebrimbor]]
|casual2=Unknown
}}

The '''Sack of Eregion''' was the campaign in which [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]] to find the three Elven Rings of power or to find out where they are by torture. He also scattered the [[Elves]] that lived there.

==Background==
In {{SA|1200}} [[Sauron]] came to [[Eregion]] in disguise, claiming to be an emissary of the [[Valar]] sent to offer aid to the [[Eldar]]. Although rejected by [[Gil-galad]] he was able to win over [[Celebrimbor]] and the smiths of Eregion. The brotherhood of smiths, the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], profited from his knowledge<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> and around {{SA|1500|n}} they began forging the [[Rings of Power]], finishing them in {{SA|1590|n}}.<ref name="SA">{{App|SA}}</ref> Unbeknownst to them, Sauron (who had returned to [[Mordor]]) created a master [[One Ring|Ring]] to rule the others. However, Celebrimbor perceived the designs of Sauron and prevented use of the [[Three Rings]].

==The Battle==
Infuriated by Celebrimbor's defiance, Sauron led a host out of Mordor.<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> In {{SA|1695}} this army ravaged [[Eriador]] from the south.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> Gil-galad sent out a force under the command of [[Elrond]] which joined with Celebrimbor, but they were unable to prevent Sauron from conquering Eregion.

In {{SA|1697}}, [[Ost-in-Edhil]] fell, with [[Celebrimbor]] himself leading a last desperate defence on the steps of the Jewel-smiths' guild house. He was taken captive by the [[Orcs]], tormented into revealing the location of the [[Rings of Power]], then shot through with Orc-arrows, and by some accounts, Sauron used Celebrimbor's body as a banner as he turned to face Elrond's army approaching from the north.

Elrond would have been overwhelmed but for an attack upon Sauron's force from the rear by [[Dwarves of Khazad-dûm]] and a force of [[Galadhrim]] lead by [[Amroth]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> Elrond was able to gather what remained of the Elves of Eregion and retreated northward.<ref name="Galadriel"/>

Other survivors escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].

==Aftermath==
[[Elrond]], [[Celeborn]], [[Elves of Lindon]], and other Elves who fled the destruction of [[Eregion]], established [[Imladris]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> Many more refugees joined Elrond's host as Sauron ravaged Eriador during the course of the war. By {{SA|1700}}, Imladris, despite being [[First Siege of Imladris|besieged]], was the only part of [[Eriador]] not under Sauron's control. It was liberated by [[Gil-galad]]'s and [[Tar-Minastir]]'s forces. After Sauron's defeat, a Council was held at that time, establishing Elrond as Gil-galad's vice-regent in Eriador and that Imladris should be maintained as an Elvish stronghold.<ref>{{UT|6}}</ref>

Many survivors of Eregion also sailed [[West]] after their realm was sacked.

Once the Dwarves returned to Khazad-dûm, the [[Doors of Durin]] were shut and remained so until the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] came there thousands of years later.

{{References}}
[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]

Sack of Eregion

2019-03-16T21:10:18Z

72.141.101.237:

{{expansion}}
{{battle
|name=Sack of Eregion
|image=[[File:The Lord of the Rings (film series) - City of Ost-in-Edhil mural.jpg|300px]]
|conflict=[[War of the Elves and Sauron]]
|date={{SA|1697}}
|place=[[Eregion]]
|result=Destruction of Eregion, founding of [[Imladris]], [[Doors of Durin]] shut
|side1=[[Elves of Eregion]] and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]
|side2=Hosts of [[Mordor]]
|commanders1=
{{Celebrimbor blazon|died}}
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Celeborn]]
*[[Amroth]]
*[[Durin III]]
|commanders2={{Sauron blazon}}
|forces1=Large force of [[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]], and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]
|forces2=Large force of [[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness|Evil Men]], and other creatures of Sauron
|casual1=Many Elves and Dwarves; most notably [[Celebrimbor]]
|casual2=Unknown
}}

The '''Sack of Eregion''' was the campaign in which [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]] to find the three Elven Rings of power or to find out where they are by torture. He also scattered the [[Elves]] that lived there.

==Background==
In {{SA|1200}} [[Sauron]] came to [[Eregion]] in disguise, claiming to be an emissary of the [[Valar]] sent to offer aid to the [[Eldar]]. Although rejected by [[Gil-galad]] he was able to win over [[Celebrimbor]] and the smiths of Eregion. The brotherhood of smiths, the [[Gwaith-i-Mírdain]], profited from his knowledge<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> and around {{SA|1500|n}} they began forging the [[Rings of Power]], finishing them in {{SA|1590|n}}.<ref name="SA">{{App|SA}}</ref> Unbeknownst to them, Sauron (who had returned to [[Mordor]]) created a master [[One Ring|Ring]] to rule the others. However, Celebrimbor perceived the designs of Sauron and prevented use of the [[Three Rings]].

==The Battle==
Infuriated by Celebrimbor's defiance, Sauron led a host out of Mordor.<ref name="Galadriel">{{UT|Concerning}}</ref> In {{SA|1695}} this army ravaged [[Eriador]] from the south.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> Gil-galad sent out a force under the command of [[Elrond]] which joined with Celebrimbor, but they were unable to prevent Sauron from conquering Eregion.

In {{SA|1697}}, [[Ost-in-Edhil]] fell, with [[Celebrimbor]] himself leading a last desperate defence on the steps of the Jewel-smiths' guild house. He was taken captive by the [[Orcs]], tormented into revealing the location of the [[Rings of Power]], then shot through with Orc-arrows, and by some accounts, Sauron used Celebrimbor's body as a banner as he turned to face Elrond's army approaching from the north.

Elrond would have been overwhelmed but for an attack upon Sauron's force from the rear by [[Dwarves of Khazad-dûm]] and a force of [[Galadhrim]] lead by [[Amroth]].<ref name="Galadriel"/> Elrond was able to gather what remained of the Elves of Eregion and retreated northward.<ref name="Galadriel"/>

Other survivors escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]].

==Aftermath==
[[Elrond]], [[Celeborn]], [[Elves of Lindon]], and other Elves who fled the destruction of [[Eregion]], established [[Imladris]] in {{SA|1697}}.<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> Many more refugees joined Elrond's host as Sauron ravaged Eriador during the course of the war. By {{SA|1700}}, Imladris, despite being [[First Siege of Imladris|besieged]], was the only part of [[Eriador]] not under Sauron's control. It was liberated by [[Gil-galad]]'s and [[Tar-Minastir]]'s forces. After Sauron's defeat, a Council was held at that time, establishing Elrond as Gil-galad's vice-regent in Eriador and that Imladris should be maintained as an Elvish stronghold.<ref>{{UT|6}}</ref>

Many survivors of Eregion also sailed [[West]] after their realm was sacked.

Once the Dwarves returned to Khazad-dûm, the [[Doors of Durin]] were shut and remained so until the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] came there thousands of years later.

{{References}}
[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]

War of the Elves and Sauron

2019-03-16T21:07:45Z

72.141.101.237:

{{expansion}}
{{sources}}
{{War
|previous=[[Wars of Beleriand]]
|next=[[War of the Last Alliance]]
|image=
|name=War of the Elves and Sauron
|begin={{SA|1693}}
|end={{SA|1701}}
|place=[[Eriador]]
|result=Eregion destroyed, Sauron defeated and driven from Eriador
|battles=[[Sack of Eregion]], [[First Siege of Imladris]], [[The Battle of the Gwathló]]
|side1=Great host of [[Elves of Eregion]], [[Elves of Lindon]], [[Galadhrim]], [[Númenóreans]], and [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]]
|side2=[[Orcs]], [[Men of Darkness|Evil Men]], and other creatures of Sauron
|commanders1=
{{Gil-galad blazon}}
*[[Celebrimbor]] †
*[[Elrond]]
*[[Celeborn]]
*[[Amroth]]
*[[Ciryatur]]
*[[Durin III]]
|commanders2=
{{Sauron blazon}}
}}
The '''War of the Elves and Sauron''' was a great war fought in the [[Second Age]].

== The Making of the Rings of Power ==
During the Second Age, [[Sauron]] planned to take control of the Elves through the power of his [[One Ring]]. In his guise as [[Annatar]], he instructed the [[Elves of Eregion]] in the making of [[Rings of Power]], and then secretly constructed a Ruling Ring of his own to enslave the bearers of the Rings. Unknown to him, the Elves had made [[Three Rings]] of their own, so that when Sauron took up his own Ring, they understood his intentions and his centuries of planning came to nothing.

[[Image:Angus_McBride_-_Celebrimbor.gif|left|thumb|[[Angus McBride]] - ''Celebrimbor'']]

== The War and Destruction ==
What he could not control by subtlety, Sauron resolved to destroy by force, and so began the War of the Elves and Sauron. At first, Sauron's victories came quickly: vast armies emerged from [[Mordor]] and, over the next six years, overran [[Eriador]]. Eregion was destroyed, and Sauron claimed the remaining Rings of Power (except for the Three Rings, which had been sent far from Eregion at the beginning of the war).

The Elves of Eregion did not stand alone against Sauron. From [[Lindon]], [[Gil-galad]] sent a force commanded by [[Elrond]] to lend them aid. Before Elrond could come to Eregion, the Dark Lord demanded that the Rings of Power be turned over to him, and when he was refused he brought his full force against Eregion. In {{SA|1697}}, [[Ost-in-Edhil]] fell, with [[Celebrimbor]] himself leading a last desperate defence on the steps of the Jewel-smiths' guild house. He was taken captive by the [[Orcs]], then shot through with Orc-arrows, and by some accounts, Sauron used Celebrimbor's body as a banner as he turned to face Elrond's army approaching from the north.

Sauron gathered up the Rings of Power that remained, and laid waste the land of Eregion, bringing an end to its people. The surviving Elves of Eregion seem to have scattered, as there are various accounts of their fates. Some fled northward to join Elrond's host, and that host was itself forced into retreat; some of these Elves of Eregion settled at [[Rivendell]] when Elrond founded it shortly afterwards. They were joined there by others of their kind who had escaped into the [[Rhovanion|Wild]], and only later found their way to safety. Many of these people seem to have later abandoned [[Middle-earth]] and sailed into the [[West]].

Still, other survivors escaped into [[Khazad-dûm]] and were granted passage by their friends the [[Dwarves]], coming eventually through the [[Misty Mountains|Mountains]] to the woodlands that would long afterwards be called [[Lórien]]. The [[Dwarves of Khazad-dûm]] indeed did more than simply allow the Elves to pass through their mansions; they went out against Sauron's armies along with a force of [[Galadhrim]] under [[Amroth]]. It was through their aid that the beleaguered Elrond was able to escape into the north and thus save many of the Elves of Eregion. Once the Dwarves returned to Khazad-dûm, the [[Doors of Durin]] were shut and remained so until the [[Fellowship of the Ring]] came there thousands of years later.

Just as Sauron's victory looked secure, a great navy appeared in the north, carrying the forces of [[Númenor]] sent by [[Tar-Minastir|King Tar-Minastir]]. The [[Númenóreans]] put Sauron's armies to rout, and forced them back out of the [[Westlands]]. So Eriador was saved, but Celebrimbor's kingdom of Eregion had been wiped out, and a great many of the Rings of Power had fallen into the hands of Sauron.

== References ==
* ''[[The Return of the King]]'', "''The Tale of Years (Appendix B)''"

[[Category:Conflicts of the Second Age]]
[[Category:Wars]]

Woodland Realm

2019-03-16T20:21:35Z

72.141.101.237:

{{kingdom
| image=[[File:Alan Lee - Gandalf's Farewell.jpg|250px]]
| name=Woodland Realm
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=[[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]]; later Northern [[Mirkwood]]
| capital=[[Amon Lanc]], [[Emyn Duir]], later the [[Elvenking's Halls]]
| towns=
| regions=
| population=Mostly [[Silvan Elves]]<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref>
| language=[[Silvan Elvish]], [[Sindarin]], [[Westron]]
| govern1=[[Oropher]]
| govern2=[[Thranduil]]
| govern3=
| currency=
| holiday=
| precededby=
| event1=Founded
| event1date={{SA|750}}<ref>{{PM|Second}}, p. 174</ref>
| event2=
| event2date=
| event3=
| event3date=
| event4=
| event4date=
| event5=
| event5date=
| followedby=
}}
The '''Woodland Realm''' was a kingdom of [[Silvan Elves]] in [[Mirkwood]], from the [[Second Age]] onwards.

== History ==
=== Second Age ===
The Woodland Realm was established by [[Oropher]] in {{SA|750}}, a [[Sindar|Sindarin]] [[Iathrim|Elf of Doriath]], after the [[War of Wrath]].<ref>{{PM|Second}}, p. 174</ref> Unlike most Sindar, Oropher and his household declined the [[Valar]]'s offer to depart from [[Middle-earth]] for [[Valinor]]. Instead he migrated eastward and became the King of the [[Silvan Elves]] of [[Mirkwood|Greenwood the Great]]. The few Sindar who had come with him were soon merged with the [[Silvan Elves]], adopting their customs and language and taking names of Silvan form and style.<ref name="Sindarin Princes"/> Oropher and his household wished to return to a simple existence natural to the Elves before they had been disturbed by the Valar.<ref name="Sindarin Princes">{{UT|Galadriel}}, "Appendix B: The Sindarin Princes of the Silvan Elves"</ref>

Originally Oropher's realm encompassed the entirety of Greenwood, with its capital at [[Amon Lanc]]. However, during the Second Age, he and his people migrated north three times.<ref name="Note 14">{{UT|Gladden}}, note 14</ref> According to one tradition, the first movement was northward beyond the [[Gladden Fields]], due to Oropher's desire to distance himself from the increasing encroachments of the Dwarves of [[Moria]] and his resentment of the intrusions of [[Celeborn]] and [[Galadriel]] in [[Lothlórien]]. However his people did maintain constant intercourse with their kin west of the [[Anduin]].<ref name="Sindarin Princes"/> Oropher was also disturbed by the reports of [[Sauron]]'s rising power and by the end of the Second Age he dwelt in the western glens of the [[Mountains of Mirkwood|Emyn Duir]] or Dark Mountains and his people lived north of the [[Men-i-Naugrim]] or Dwarf-road.<ref name="Note 14"/>

In {{SA|3430}},<ref>{{App|SA}}</ref> Oropher and Amdír led their combined forces against [[Sauron]] as part of the [[Last Alliance of Elves and Men]]. During the [[Battle of Dagorlad]] the Silvan contingent refused to obey the orders of the [[Noldor]]in king [[Gil-galad]], instead charging the enemy alone. They fought valiantly, but being ill-equipped and outnumbered most were slain, among them Oropher.<ref name="Sindarin Princes"/> Over the course of the war, which ended with the [[Siege of Barad-dûr]] in {{SA|3441}}, most of the Silvan army had been lost. Thranduil led the remaining third of his army back home to the Greenwood.<ref name="Sindarin Princes"/>

=== Third Age ===
[[File:Anke Eißmann - Thranduil.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Anke Eißmann]] - ''Thranduil''|right]]
Oropher's son, [[Thranduil]], succeeded him as king of the Woodland Realm<ref name="Sindarin Princes"/> and ruled for the duration of the [[Third Age]].

Around {{TA|1050}}, an evil entity known as the [[Necromancer#Sauron's Return|Necromancer]] (later identified as [[Sauron]]) inhabited the abandoned halls of [[Amon Lanc]], and Greenwood grew infested with [[Orcs]] and giant [[Spiders]].<ref name="TA">{{App|TA}}</ref> The Wood-elves retreated yet further north<ref name="Sindarin Princes"/> and many landmarks were renamed: Greenwood became [[Mirkwood]], the Emyn Duir the Mountains of Mirkwood or ''[[Emyn-nu-Fuin]]'', and Amon Lanc was known as [[Dol Guldur]], the Hill of Sorcery.

By the middle of the Third Age, the Silvan Elves of Mirkwood were much reduced in number though Mirkwood still had a greater population of Elves than [[Lindon]], [[Rivendell]], or [[Lothlórien]].<ref>{{L|347}} p. 425 </ref> To avoid the encroachment of the Necromancer from the south, they dwelt in the lands north of the [[Forest River]], living mainly in and around the [[Elvenking's Halls]]. They also had become increasingly withdrawn and wary of strangers, though they did trade with the neighbouring realms of [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]] and [[Dale]], and imported wine from [[Dorwinion]] via the [[River Running]]. The former traffic came to an end upon with the destruction of Erebor by the [[Dragons|dragon]] [[Smaug]] in {{TA|2770}}.<ref name="TA"/>

==== Quest for Erebor ====
In {{TA|2941}},<ref name="TA"/> Thranduil's people were disturbed, three times, by a band of [[Dwarves]] while feasting in the forest. The Dwarves were captured after the third interruption and brought to the Elvenking's halls. Though they had trespassed, they were not imprisoned until after they had been questioned and refused to be forthright. Their leader, [[Thorin]], refused to reveal the purpose of their journey from their halls far to the west in [[Eriador]].<ref name=Flies/> The others, taken separately, had been questioned, refused to speak openly, and also spoke insultingly of the Elves.<ref name=Barrels/>

Thranduil was content to wait for the Dwarves' stubborness to subside. Though prisoners in the king's dungeons, they were not ill-treated by the Wood-elves who "were reasonably well-behaved even to their worst enemies, when they captured them."<ref name=Flies>{{H|Flies}}</ref> After many days of imprisonment, they escaped with the help of their companion, the [[Hobbits|hobbit]] [[Bilbo Baggins]], who had avoided capture using a [[The One Ring|magic ring]].<ref name=Barrels>{{H|Barrels}}</ref>

Sometime later, the Elves heard that Smaug, provoked by the escaped dwarves, had left Erebor to attack [[Lake-town]] where he was slain by [[Bard|Bard the Bowman]]. With that news, it was believed that the dwarves must have died and the wealth of [[Thror]], augmented by Smaug's pillage of Dale, was left unprotected. Thranduil immediately assembled an army and marched towards [[Erebor]]. On the way, they met messengers from [[Bard]] seeking aid for the people of destroyed Lake-town. Thranduil being "the lord of a good and kindly people," turned his march to lend them aid.<ref name=Fire/> He gave them a great store of goods and skilled Elves stayed to help the people erect shelters for the winter. He and Bard, a descendant of [[Girion]] of Dale, then joined forces and marched north in arms as Thranduil had perceived that the swift spreading news of Smaug's death was "an ill wind . . . that blows no one any good."<ref name=Fire>{{H|Fire}}</ref>

[[File:Capucine Mazille - The Battle of Five Armies.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Capucine Mazille]] - ''The Battle of Five Armies'']]
On arriving, however, they found Thorin and his company alive, and Thorin, despite their early attempts to negotiate, refused to relinquish his claim on any of the treasure and had secured Erebor against an assault. Thranduil and Bard then lay siege to the Dwarves, who awaited aid from their relatives in the [[Iron Hills]] to the east.<ref>{{H|Gathering}}</ref> Hoping to avert battle, Bilbo delivered the [[Arkenstone]] to the Wood-elves and Men, so they could use it to bargain with Thorin.<ref>{{H|Thief}}</ref> This act earned him great respect from the Elvenking who stated that he was "worthy to wear the armour of elf-princes," which referred to the mithril-mail shirt, found in the dragon's hoard, that Thorin had given him.

The next morning, Bard and Thranduil entered into negotiations with an angered Thorin, who agreed to pay one-fourteenth share of the treasure in exchange for the stone. Thranduil was reluctant to start a war over gold, but when the forces of Dáin arrived the next day, before the trade had been made for the Arkenstone, the Dwarves proceeded to attack. While the Elves, Men, and Dwarves skirmished, other enemies, who had learned of the dragon's fall, arrived. Orcs and [[Wargs]] from the [[Misty Mountains]] and [[Grey Mountains]] had joined forces to march to the Lonely Mountain and sieze the hoard. Under the council of Gandalf, Elves, Men, and Dwarves joined together against their common foes. In the ensuing [[Battle of Five Armies]], many Wood-elves were slain, <ref>{{H|Burst}}</ref> as was Thorin Oakenshield, but afterwards an agreement was reached for the division of the dragon hoard.<ref>{{H|Return}}</ref>

In the same year, the [[White Council]], including [[Gandalf]], drove the Necromancer from Dol Guldur.<ref>{{H|Stage}}</ref>

==== War of the Ring ====
[[File:Michael Kaluta - Legolas Draws the Bow of Galadriel.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Michael Kaluta]] - ''Legolas Draws the Bow of Galadriel''|left]]
Sauron, now revealed as the evil presence which had abandoned (not, as it had been thought at the time, driven out of) Dol Guldur, from his rebuilt stronghold in [[Mordor]] sent three [[Nazgûl]] to reoccupy Dol Guldur in {{TA|2951|n}}.<ref name="TA"/> On [[20 June]] {{TA|3018|n}} a force of [[Orcs]] attacked the Woodland Realm from this base, the purpose of this raid being to provide a distraction and facilitate the escape of [[Gollum]]<ref name="Great">{{App|Great}}</ref> who had been entrusted to Thranduil's care by the [[Rangers of the North|Ranger]] [[Aragorn]].

In the wake of this Thranduil sent his son, [[Legolas|Legolas Greenleaf]], to deliver news of Gollum's escape to Aragorn and [[Elrond]] in [[Rivendell]]. Upon arriving Legolas participated in the [[Council of Elrond]] where the full details of Sauron's resurgence were revealed. <ref>{{FR|II2}}</ref> Legolas was chosen to represent the Elves in the [[Fellowship of the Ring]], and journeyed with the [[Ring-bearers|Ring-bearer]] [[Frodo Baggins]] towards Mordor. After the [[Breaking of the Fellowship]] Legolas continued to accompany Aragorn, fighting in the [[Battle of the Hornburg]], the [[Battle of the Pelennor Fields]] and the [[Battle of the Morannon]]. Legolas also developed a close friendship with the dwarf [[Gimli]], son of one of Thorin's companions: [[Glóin]]. This friendship did much to improve relations between the two peoples.

Meanwhile, on [[15 March]] {{TA|3019|n}} Sauron attacked the Woodland Realm in force, resulting in the bloody [[Battle Under Trees]]. Thranduil led his forces to victory, however, and then set about a campaign to clear Mirkwood of orcs and other evil beings. On [[Elven New Year]] he met [[Celeborn]], lord of [[Lothlórien]], and the two agreed to rename the forest [[Eryn Lasgalen]]. It was then divided: Thranduil was to rule north of the mountains, the forest south of the [[Narrows of the Forest|Narrows]] became [[East Lórien]] and the rest was given to the [[Beornings]].

=== Fourth Age ===
During the Fourth Age the Woodland Realm prospered, free of enemies. A group of Wood-elves led by Legolas helped rebuild [[Minas Tirith]] and settled for a time in [[Ithilien]].

The eventual fate of the Woodland Realm is unknown. In {{FoA|120}} Legolas, having seen the sea during the War of the Ring, eventually sailed west to Valinor, reputedly with Gimli at his side.<ref>{{App|Later}}</ref> Like all Elves the people of the Woodland Realm were destined to either leave [[Middle-earth]] for Valinor or to 'fade' and become rustic woodland spirits. Given Oropher's refusal to leave Middle-earth at the end of the [[First Age]] was rooted in a desire to 'live naturally' as Elves had before being contacted by the Valar, it seems likely that the latter was the fate of Thranduil and most of his people. However, the ultimate fate of the last Elvenking and the remaining Elves in the [[Fourth Age]] is unknown.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2018: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Thranduil's realm is called [[Eryn Lasgalen]] and is accessible after the fall of Dol Guldur. In addition to "Felegoth", the Halls of the Elvenking, there is the [[Raft-elves|Raft-elf]] settlement of "Loeglond" near the [[Long Lake]]; and the haunted ruins of "Caras Tilion", the former capital in the Mountains of Mirkwood. The quests in the area involve bringing stability to the realm so that trade may resume.

{{references}}
[[Category:Elven realms]]
[[Category:Forests]]
[[Category:Rhovanion]]

Dol Amroth

2019-02-09T22:45:23Z

72.141.101.237: /* Population */

{{disambig-more|Amroth|[[Amroth (disambiguation)]]}}

{{kingdom
| image=[[File:Jan Pospisil - Dol Amroth.jpg|250px]]
| name=Dol Amroth
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=A headland on the western coasts of [[Belfalas]] in [[Gondor]]
| capital=
| towns=
| regions=
| population=[[Gondorians]]
| language=[[Westron]], [[Sindarin]]<ref>{{App|Men}}</ref>
| govern1=[[Prince of Dol Amroth]]
| govern2=
| govern3=
| currency=
| holiday=
| precededby=
| event1=Settled by the [[Faithful]]
| event1date=Late [[Second Age]]<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}</ref>
| event2=Loss of [[Amroth]]
| event2date={{TA|1981}}
| event3=Princedom Established
| event3date={{TA|2076}}
| event4=
| event4date=
| event5=
| event5date=
| followedby=
}}
'''Dol Amroth''' was a promontory, ruled as a hereditary princedom, situated on a peninsula in [[Gondor]] facing the [[Bay of Belfalas]].

The emblem of the Prince of Dol Amroth was a silver-upon-blue banner, bearing a ship with a swan-prow upon the sea.<ref>{{RK|VI4}}</ref>
==Description==
Its northern shore defined part of [[Cobas Haven]], the small bay into which the [[Morthond]] River flowed.<ref>{{UT|Map}}</ref> Upon the headland the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]] established a castle and thus Dol Amroth referred to this stronghold and to the neighboring port-city, the chief city of the fief of [[Belfalas]].<ref name="Minas Tirith">{{RK|V1}}</ref> Within the walls of the city was the [[Sea-ward Tower]] or Tirith Aear, <ref>{{ATB|Preface}}</ref> which had a bell that was rung for the benefit of mariners.<ref>{{ATB|6}}</ref>

==History==
In the late [[First Age]], [[Sindar]] refugees from [[Beleriand]]<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 247</ref> settled the area and established an Elven settlement about 50 miles north of the promontory, at [[Edhellond]]<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, note 18, p. 255</ref>

During the [[Second Age]], a [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] family of the [[Faithful]] settled near the Elves.<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}</ref> [[Elendil]], who was of their kin, gave them title to rule the fief of [[Belfalas]]. They built their stronghold upon the promontory.

Amroth, [[King of Lórien]] from the beginning of the Third Age,<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, p. 243-44.</ref> left his [[Lorien|realm]] behind in {{TA|1981}} in search of his beloved [[Nimrodel]], who had fled from the [[Balrog|horror]] unleashed by the [[Dwarves]] in [[Moria]]. He waited for her at Edhellond, for their final voyage together into the West. But Nimrodel, who loved [[Middle-earth]] as much as she did Amroth, failed to join him. When the ship was blown prematurely out to sea, he jumped overboard in a futile attempt to reach the shore to search for her, and drowned in the bay.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}, p. 240-242, 245.</ref> When [[Amroth]] was lost at sea in {{TA|1981}} the last of these Elves left the region.<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref>

It was from the name of this king that Dol Amroth (the "Hill of Amroth") took its name. The first Prince of Dol Amroth was [[Galador]], the son of [[Imrazôr]]. According to legend, Imrazôr had married the Elven-lady [[Mithrellas]].<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}, Note 39, p. 316</ref>

Being a coastal city, Dol Amroth was subject to occasional attacks by the [[Corsairs of Umbar]]. The fifteenth prince was slain in battle against these sea raiders in {{TA|2746}}.<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, ''The House of Dol Amroth'', p. 222</ref>

In all there were twenty-one Princes of Dol Amroth before the twenty-second, [[Imrahil]], led a company of knights and a contingent of 700 men from the city to [[Minas Tirith]] during the [[War of the Ring]].<ref name="Minas Tirith"/>

==Population==
The first settlers of the area were [[Sindar]] from Beleriand (later joined by many [[Silvan Elves|Silvan Elves of Lothlórien]])<ref>{{UT|Amroth}}, p. 247</ref> until [[Faithful]] from [[Númenor]] came to the promontory in the late [[Second Age]].<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}</ref> The last Elves left in {{TA|1981}}.

The Faithful and later the [[Gondorians]] that settled in Dol Amroth never intermarried with [[Middle Men]] so as a result, the citizens were of pure Númenórean blood<ref>{{App|Men}}</ref> and, according to the legend of Mithrellas, their Princes had an Elvish strain.<ref name="GalCel">{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><ref>{{RK|V9}}</ref> In addition to their Elven blood, The family of [[Númenóreans]], in which the [[House of Dol Amroth]] originates from, were akin to the [[Lords of Andúnië]], and thus related to [[Elendil]] and descended from the legendary [[House of Elros]].<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}</ref>

The people of Dol Amroth were tall, grey-eyed, and dark-haired.<ref name="Minas Tirith"/> They were famous as the most skilful harp players in all of Gondor, who played at the coronation of [[Aragorn]].<ref>{{RK|VI5}}</ref> The inhabitants of Dol Amroth and in the lands nearby were some of the few people of Gondor who spoke [[Sindarin]] on a daily basis.<ref>{{App|Men}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Dol Amroth'' is [[Sindarin]] from ''[[dol]]'' "hill" and ''[[Amroth]]'' "Upclimber".

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2014: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:Dol Amroth was the largest city in the region of Western [[Gondor]]. It was ruled by [[Lothíriel]] in her father's absence. Parts of the city included the Harpers' Court, the Court of the Prince, the Scholars' Quarter, the Masons' Court, the Library of Saphadzîr, the Court of the Fount, the Artisans' Quarter, the Keep of the Swan-Knights, Inzilbel's Walk, the Wharf, and the Warehouses. There were two gates to the city, one in the east leading to the waterfront and one in the west leading up to the city proper. The city was threatened by the [[Corsairs of Umbar]], who blockaded the port and briefly managed to capture the city.

{{references}}
[[Category:Hills]]
[[Category:Gondor]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]

[[de:Dol Amroth]]
[[fi:Dol Amroth]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:gondor:dol_amroth]]

King of the Dead

2019-01-29T23:37:45Z

72.141.101.237:

{{men infobox
| name=King of the Dead
| image=[[File:Grant Gould - King of the Dead 2.jpg|175px]]
| caption="King of the Dead" by [[Grant Gould]]
| pronun=
| othernames=King of the Mountains
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Paths of the Dead]]
| affiliation=[[Sauron]], [[Gondor]]
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Before {{SA|3429}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=3031+ years
| death={{TA|3018}}
| deathlocation=[[Pelargir]]
| age=3031+
| notablefor=Breaking the oath made with [[Isildur]]
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=Spear<ref>{{RK|Debate}}</ref>
| steed=
| gallery=the King of the Dead
}}
The '''King of the Mountains''', or later, the '''King of the Dead''', was the ruler of the [[Oathbreakers]].

== History ==
He was the King of the [[Oathbreakers|Men of the Mountains]], and when the [[Realms in Exile]] were founded, he met [[Isildur]] at [[Erech]] and swore his affiliation to [[Gondor]] on behalf of his people.

Then the time came when their former lord, [[Sauron]] arose again, and Isildur summoned them, but the Men of the Mountains were unwilling to turn against Sauron as they worshipped him during the [[Dark Years]]. Isildur cursed them for not fulfilling their oath, that there will be no other King after him, and they will never find rest until someone else calls for them.

His people dwindled and in the following centuries, the [[Wraiths|wraith]] of the '''King of the Dead''' was a terrifying rumour for the [[Gondorians|Men of Gondor]] south of the Mountains.

During the [[War of the Ring]], [[Aragorn]] came to the [[Paths of the Dead]] as the [[Heir of Isildur]] and offered him to redeem themselves. On their way to Erech, people were scared of the news that the King of the Dead was out again, and defenders and foes alike fled away.<ref>{{RK|Company}}</ref>

The Oathbreakers followed the [[Grey Company]] to [[Pelargir]] where they drove off the enemy. Having fulfilled their oath, the King of the Dead broke and threw down his spear, bowed to [[Aragorn]] and turned away, as the Shadow Host vanished.<ref>{{RK|Debate}}</ref>

== Portrayal in adaptations ==
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''
:The King of the Dead is played by Paul Norell.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The King, named Rioc, appears in a Session Play telling the tale of the Oathbreakers. He can be seen as a shade among Aragorn's host later in the game.
{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Pre-Númenóreans]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

King of the Dead

2019-01-29T23:37:19Z

72.141.101.237:

{{men infobox
| name=King of the Dead
| image=[[File:Grant Gould - King of the Dead 2.jpg|175px]]
| caption="King of the Dead" by [[Grant Gould]]
| pronun=
| othernames=King of the Mountains
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Paths of the Dead]]
| affiliation=[[Sauron]], [[Gondor]]
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Before {{SA|3429}}
| birthlocation=
| rule=3030+ years
| death={{TA|3018}}
| deathlocation=[[Pelargir]]
| age=3031+
| notablefor=Breaking the oath made with [[Isildur]]
| house=
| parentage=
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=Spear<ref>{{RK|Debate}}</ref>
| steed=
| gallery=the King of the Dead
}}
The '''King of the Mountains''', or later, the '''King of the Dead''', was the ruler of the [[Oathbreakers]].

== History ==
He was the King of the [[Oathbreakers|Men of the Mountains]], and when the [[Realms in Exile]] were founded, he met [[Isildur]] at [[Erech]] and swore his affiliation to [[Gondor]] on behalf of his people.

Then the time came when their former lord, [[Sauron]] arose again, and Isildur summoned them, but the Men of the Mountains were unwilling to turn against Sauron as they worshipped him during the [[Dark Years]]. Isildur cursed them for not fulfilling their oath, that there will be no other King after him, and they will never find rest until someone else calls for them.

His people dwindled and in the following centuries, the [[Wraiths|wraith]] of the '''King of the Dead''' was a terrifying rumour for the [[Gondorians|Men of Gondor]] south of the Mountains.

During the [[War of the Ring]], [[Aragorn]] came to the [[Paths of the Dead]] as the [[Heir of Isildur]] and offered him to redeem themselves. On their way to Erech, people were scared of the news that the King of the Dead was out again, and defenders and foes alike fled away.<ref>{{RK|Company}}</ref>

The Oathbreakers followed the [[Grey Company]] to [[Pelargir]] where they drove off the enemy. Having fulfilled their oath, the King of the Dead broke and threw down his spear, bowed to [[Aragorn]] and turned away, as the Shadow Host vanished.<ref>{{RK|Debate}}</ref>

== Portrayal in adaptations ==
'''2003: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King]]'':'''
:The King of the Dead is played by Paul Norell.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The King, named Rioc, appears in a Session Play telling the tale of the Oathbreakers. He can be seen as a shade among Aragorn's host later in the game.
{{references}}
[[Category:Characters in The Lord of the Rings]]
[[Category:Pre-Númenóreans]]
[[Category:Second Age characters]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

Elboron

2019-01-29T23:04:17Z

72.141.101.237:

{{gondorian infobox
| name=Elboron
| image=[[File:Anke Eißmann - Family Portrait.jpg|250px]]
| caption="Family Portrait" by [[Anke Eißmann]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=[[Prince of Ithilien]], [[Steward of Gondor]]
| position=
| location=[[Ithilien]], [[Gondor]]
| affiliation=
| language=[[Westron]]
| birth=Early [[Fourth Age]]
| birthlocation=
| rule={{FoA|82}} - Unknown
| death=Unknown
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Húrin]]
| parentage=[[Faramir]] and [[Éowyn]]
| siblings=
| spouse=
| children=Possibly [[Barahir (grandson of Faramir)|Barahir]]
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}'''Elboron''' was the second [[Prince of Ithilien]], and [[Steward of Gondor|Steward]] to [[Aragorn|King Elessar]].

==History==
Elboron was the son of [[Faramir]] and [[Éowyn]]. He became the second [[Prince of Ithilien]] and the [[Steward of Gondor]] after the death of his father in [[Fourth Age 82]]. He served as Steward to Elessar and possibly also [[Eldarion]].<ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, p.221</ref>

Elboron was either the father or uncle of [[Barahir (grandson of Faramir)|Barahir]], the grandson of Faramir who wrote ''[[The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen]]''.<ref>{{FR|Records}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Elboron'' may mean "Enduring Star", from ''[[elen]]'' ("star") and ''[[boron]]'' ("long-lasting, enduring").

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | DOL | | STE | | | | | | ROH |DOL=[[Princes of Dol Amroth|''Princes of Dol Amroth'']]|STE=[[Ruling Steward|''Ruling Stewards of Gondor'']]|ROH=[[Kings of Rohan|''Kings of Rohan'']]}}
{{familytree | |:| | | |:| | | | | | | |:| |}}
{{familytree | FIN |y| DEN | | EOM |y| THE |FIN=[[Finduilas (wife of Denethor)|Finduilas]] ''{{TA|2950|n}} - {{TA|2988|n}}''|DEN=[[Denethor|Denethor II]] ''{{TA|2930|n}} - {{TA|3019|n}}''†|EOM=[[Éomund]] ''d. {{TA|3002|n}}''†|THE=[[Théodwyn]] ''{{TA|2963|n}} - {{TA|3002|n}}''†}}
{{familytree | | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | |}}
{{familytree | | | BOR | | FAR |y| EOW | | |BOR=[[Boromir]] ''{{TA|2978|n}} - {{TA|3019|n}}''†|FAR=[[Faramir]] ''{{TA|2983|n}} - {{FoA|82}}''|EOW=[[Éowyn]] ''b. {{TA|2995|n}}''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | ELB | | | | |ELB='''ELBORON''' ''unknown''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house= [[House of Húrin]]
| born={{FoA}} Unknown
| died={{FoA}} Unknown
}}
{{seq
| pvac=[[Faramir]]
| prow=2
| list=[[Steward of Gondor|Steward to the King of Gondor]]
| dates={{FoA|82}} - ''unknown''
| next=unknown
| nrow=2
}}
{{seq
| list=2nd [[Prince of Ithilien]]
| dates={{FoA|82}} - ''unknown''
}}
{{seq-end}}
{{southernline}}
[[Category:Fourth Age characters]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[Category:Stewards]]
[[de:Elboron]]
[[fr:encyclo:personnages:hommes:4a:gondoriens:elboron]]
[[fi:Elboron (Faramirin poika)]]

Avari

2019-01-29T00:21:47Z

72.141.101.237:

{{cleanup}}
{{people infobox
| name=Avari
| image=[[File:Peter Xavier Price - Avari Elf.jpg|250px]]
| caption="[[:File:Peter Xavier Price - Avari Elf.jpg|Avari Elf]]" by [[Peter Xavier Price]]
| pronun=a'vari
| othernames=Dark-elves, The Unwilling, Wild Elves
| origin=Elves who refused to make the [[Great Journey]]
| location=[[Cuiviénen]], [[Taur-im-Duinath]], [[Rhûn]], [[Eriador]], [[Vales of Anduin]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=
| language=[[Avarin]] languages
| members=Possibly [[Morwë]], [[Nurwë]]
| lifespan=Immortal
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=White
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
{{pronounce|Quenya - Avari.mp3|Gilgamesh}}

The '''Avari''' ([[Quenya|Q]]: "unwilling"; or "'''the Refusers'''"<ref>{{PM|Atani}}, p. 312</ref>) were a branch of [[Elves]] that refused to make the [[Great Journey]].

==History==
The original [[Elves]] that [[Awakening of the Elves|awakened]] in [[Cuiviénen]] numbered 144, and they were divided into three clans: the [[Minyar]], which had 14 members; the [[Tatyar]], which had 56 members; and the [[Nelyar]] (or [[Lindar]]), which had 74 members. After the [[Vala]] [[Oromë]] invited the Elves to live in [[Valinor]], the Elves entered into a great debate on whether to follow Oromë into the west. Most of the Elves were persuaded to undertake this [[Great Journey]], including all of the Minyar, half of the Tatyar, and 46 of the Nelyar. These Elves became known collectively as the [[Eldar]], and their clans became known by new names: the Minyar Eldar were called the [[Vanyar]], the Tatyar Eldar were called the [[Noldor]], and the Nelyar Eldar were called the [[Teleri]].<ref name=WJ3801>{{WJ|C}}, pp. 380-83</ref>

Those Elves who refused to take the Great Journey were called the Avari, and they were not counted among the Eldar.<ref>{{S|3}}, p. 41</ref> Their initial population had 56 members, consisting of 28 (half) of the [[Tatyar]] and 28 of the [[Nelyar]],<ref name=WJ3801 /> the latter of whom maybe were called Lindai. Some of them, especially those who dwelt furthest from the waters of [[Cuiviénen]] and wandered in the hills, had not seen Oromë at his first coming, and knew only vague, fearful rumours of the Valar; lies of Melkor concerning Oromë and [[Nahar]] perhaps had a role.<ref>{{MR|Annals}}</ref> Many thus refused to depart from their own lands, and spread gradually throughout the wide lands of [[Middle-earth]]. According to a tradition their leaders were [[Morwë]] of the Tatyar and [[Nurwë]] of the Nelyar. They were after known by the name "the Unwilling" because they refused the summons.

According to the legends, [[Orcs]] may be descended from Avarin elves captured and corrupted by [[Morgoth|Melkor]].

Over time, many Avari wandered westwards. Some mingled with the [[Nandor]] of the [[Vales of Anduin]], and others entered [[Eriador]].<ref name=WJA>{{WJ|Author}}, pp. 409-410</ref> Some time after the [[Green-elves|Laiquendi]] settled in Beleriand, some Avari "crept in small and secret groups into Beleriand from the South."<ref name=WJ377>{{WJ|B}}, p. 377</ref> Most of these Avari remained secretive and isolated from the other elves, living in caves and deep in the forests.<ref name=WJ377 /> They viewed the Eldar with jealousy and disdain, believing that the Eldar were deserters, and they treated the Eldar with hostility and treachery. They especially disliked the exiled [[Noldor]] who returned from Aman.<ref name=WJA /> Rarely, an Avar was accepted into Sindarin society.<ref name=WJ377 /> Outside of Beleriand, in Eriador and the Values of Anduin, some Avari and Eldar eventually established friendlier relations.<ref name=WJA />

The [[Edain]] who travelled to the West met the Avari first of all the Elves, and were taught from them music and language, which influenced theirs. They probably taught them many of the basic crafts of civilization, though the craft of the Eldar surpassed that of the Avari even more than that of the Avari surpassed primitive [[Men]].

Some Avari after the end of the [[First Age]] started to mingle with the scattered [[Nandor]] beyond the [[Misty Mountains]] and they became hardly distinguishable from them, afterwards known as [[Silvan Elves]].<ref>{{UT|6a}}</ref>

It is told that no Avari Elves were to be found west of the [[Misty Mountains]] during the late [[Third Age]].<ref>{{PE|17}}, p. 53</ref>

==Tribes==
Six tribes of Avari are mentioned in the [[Third Age]], and their names are all cognates of the [[Primitive Quendian]] word [[Quendi|Kwendî]] (''the Speakers''): '''[[Kindi]]''', '''[[Cuind]]''', '''[[Hwenti]]''', '''[[Windan]]''', '''[[Kinn-lai]]''', '''[[Penni]]'''.<ref>{{WJ|Author}}, Note 9</ref>

==Languages==
{{main|Avarin}}
The Avari had many tribes and greatly varied languages, widely sundered from one another.<ref>{{WJ|Quendi}}, p.410</ref> The names above are the only certain [[Avarin]] words ever mentioned by the Loremasters.

It is also possible that the name [[Eöl]] is an Avarin one.

It is speculated also that [[Dorwinion]] was an Avarin land.<ref>http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/site3/articles.php?lng=fr&pg=36</ref>

==Names==
The Avari were called ''[[Abari]]'' in [[Telerin]];<ref name=WJB>{{WJ|B}}</ref> they were also called ''[[Moripendi]]'' (an equivalent of [[Quenya]] ''[[Moriquendi]]'' which referred to the [[Sindar]] as well)<ref>{{WJ|A}}</ref>.

In [[Sindarin]] they were called ''Evair'', ''[[Morben]]'' or ''Mornedhel''.<ref name=WJB/>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In older versions of the legendarium, the name ''Avari'' was originally that of the later [[Eldar]], then meaning "those that departed".

In other, relatively late writings, a brief idea was that the Avari did not come from the three clans, but from two other clans, led by [[Nurwë]] and [[Morwë]]. This idea was later dropped. In the final conception, the [[Elves]] were divided into three tribes.

==External links==
*[http://www.uib.no/People/hnohf/avarin.htm Avarin languages at Ardalambion]

{{references}}{{elves}}
[[Category:Avari| ]]
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]
[[de:Avari]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/elfes/avari]]
[[fi:Avari]]

Dúnedain of Arnor

2019-01-29T00:05:01Z

72.141.101.237:

{{people infobox
| name=Arnorians
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=Men of Arnor, Dúnedain of Arnor, Northern Dúnedain, Rangers, Rangers of the North, Arnorians
| origin=Descendants of the [[Númenóreans]]
| location=[[Eriador]], [[Arnor]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=[[Hill-men]]
| language=[[Westron]], [[Sindarin]], [[Quenya]]
| members=[[Amandil]], [[Tar-Palantir]], [[Argeleb I]], [[Aragorn II]]
| lifespan=Three times the life of a regular man but later slightly diminished<ref>{{App|Eriador}}</ref>
| distinctions=
| height=Taller than other [[Men]]
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Dúnedain of Arnor''' were one of the two great divisions of the descendants of the [[Númenóreans]] in [[Middle-earth]] (the other being the [[Gondorians]] of the South-kingdom).

==History==
The North-kingdom of [[Arnor]] had originally held the capital of High King [[Elendil]] at [[Annúminas]], and the [[Dúnedain]] of that land were ruled for centuries by the descendants of Elendil's eldest son [[Isildur]].

The population of Arnor suffered a lot during the [[War of the Last Alliance]] and the [[Disaster of the Gladden Fields]]; after Isildur's death in {{TA|2}}, not many Dúnedain or [[Middle Men]] of [[Eriador]] remained to populate the places built by Elendil.<ref name=rings>{{s|Rings}}</ref>

Arnor was ruled by his direct descendants, beginning with [[Valandil (King of Arnor)|Valandil]], his youngest son. Before the end of the first millennium of the [[Third Age]], the land of Arnor fell into dispute between the sons of King [[Eärendur (King of Arnor)|Eärendur]], and the Dúnedain who lived there became divided into three realms: [[Arthedain]], [[Cardolan]] and [[Rhudaur]]. One by one, these kingdoms fell to war, plague, and assaults by the witch-realm of [[Angmar]], until at last the Dúnedain of Arnor had become a dwindled and wandering people known as the [[Rangers of the North]]. Their ancestry was forgotten and unknown, except in [[Rivendell]].<ref name=rings/>

Nonetheless, the line of Isildur was maintained through the [[Chieftains of the Dúnedain|Chieftains]] of this people. [[Aragorn|Aragorn II]] was Isildur's Heir through thirty-nine generations, and it was he who reunited the [[Realms in Exile|Kingdoms of the Dúnedain]] after three thousand years of separation.<ref name=rings/><ref>{{App|A}}</ref>

{{references}}

[[Category:Dúnedain of the North]]
[[fr:encyclo:peuples:hommes:dunedain_du_nord]]
[[fi:Pohjoisen dúnedain]]

Gilmith

2019-01-28T00:32:08Z

72.141.101.237:

{{half-elf infobox
| name=Gilmith
| image=[[File:Lady Elleth - The Far Distant Shore.png|250px]]
| caption="This Far Distant Shore" by [[:Category:Images by Lady Elleth|Lady Elleth]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| titles=
| position=
| location=[[Dol Amroth]]
| affiliation=
| language=
| birth=c. {{TA|2000}} (exact date unknown)
| birthlocation=
| rule=
| death=
| deathlocation=
| age=
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Dol Amroth]]
| heritage=[[Men|Mannish]] father, [[Elves|Elven]] mother
| parentage=[[Imrazôr]] and [[Mithrellas]]
| siblings=[[Galador]]
| spouse=
| children=
| gender=Female
| height=
| hair=
| eyes=
| clothing=
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
'''Gilmith''' was the [[Half-elven|half-elven]] daughter of [[Imrazôr]], a man of [[Númenóreans|Númenórean]] descent, and [[Mithrellas]], a [[Silvan Elves|Silvan]] [[Elves|Elf]]-maiden who accompanied [[Nimrodel]] before getting lost. Imrazôr took her in, they married and had two children, Gilmith and [[Galador]]. Mithrellas later ran away and was never seen again. Galador would later become the first [[Prince of Dol Amroth]].<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref><ref>{{PM|Elendil}}, pp. 220-2</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | IMR |y| MIT |IMR=[[Imrazôr]] ''{{TA|1950}} - {{TA|2076|n}}''|MIT=[[Mithrellas]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | GAL | | GIL |GAL=[[Galador]] ''{{TA|2004|n}} - {{TA|2129|n}}''|GIL='''GILMITH''' ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |:| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | DOL | | | | |DOL=[[Princes of Dol Amroth|''Princes of Dol Amroth'']]}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{References}}

[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Gilmith]]
[[fi:Gilmith]]

Galador

2019-01-27T23:54:41Z

72.141.101.237: isnt he a half elf since his mom was an elf and his dad was a man?

{{half-elf infobox| name=Galador| image=| caption=| pronun=| othernames=| titles=[[Princes of Dol Amroth|Prince of Dol Amroth]]| position=| location=[[Dol Amroth]]| affiliation=| language=| birth={{TA|2004}}<ref name="PM">{{PM|Elendil}}, ''The Line of Dol Amroth'', pp. 220-2</ref>| birthlocation=| rule={{TA|2076|}}<ref name="Dol">{{PM|Elendil}}, The Line of Dol Amroth, p. 222</ref> - {{TA|2129|}} (53 years)| death={{TA|2129}}<ref name="PM"/>| deathlocation=| age=125| notablefor=Founding the line of the [[Princes of Dol Amroth]]| house=[[House of Dol Amroth]]| heritage=[[Men|Mannish]] father, [[Elves|Elven]] mother| parentage=[[Imrazôr]] and [[Mithrellas]]| siblings=[[Gilmith]]| spouse=| children=| gender=Male| height=| hair=| eyes=| clothing=| weapons=| steed=}}'''Galador''' was the first [[Prince of Dol Amroth]].

==History==
According to legend, Galador was the [[Half-elven|half-elven]] son of [[Imrazôr]] [[the Númenórean]] and the Elf-maid [[Mithrellas]].<ref name="PM"/> Following the drowning of [[Amroth]], the seat of the Princes of Belfalas was renamed in his honor. Galador became the first [[Prince of Dol Amroth]], his ancestors having held the title "[[Prince]]" since the time of [[Elendil]] and ruling [[Belfalas]] at least as long.<ref>{{UT|Cirion}}, note 39</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | IMR |y| MIT |IMR=[[Imrazôr]] ''{{TA|1950|n}} - {{TA|2076|n}}''|MIT=[[Mithrellas]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}
{{familytree | GAL | | GIL |GAL='''GALADOR''' ''{{TA|2004|n}} - {{TA|2129|n}}''|GIL=[[Gilmith]] ''unknown''}}
{{familytree | |:| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | DOL | | | | |DOL=[[Princes of Dol Amroth|''Princes of Dol Amroth'']]}}
{{familytree | |:| | | | | |}}
{{familytree | AGL | | | | |AGL=[[Aglahad]] ''{{TA|2827|n}} - {{TA|2932|n}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

{{references}}
{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
| race=gondorian
| house=[[House of Dol Amroth]]
| born={{TA|2004}}
| died={{TA|2129}}
}}
{{seq
| pvac=None
| prev=New title
| list=1st [[Prince of Dol Amroth]]
| dates={{TA|2076|}}– {{TA|2129}}
| nvac=Unknown
| next=eventually [[Aglahad]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Princes of Dol Amroth]]
[[Category:Gondorians]]
[[Category:Third Age characters]]

[[de:Galador]]
[[fi:Galador]]

Dwarves of the Grey Mountains

2019-01-27T19:42:58Z

72.141.101.237: /* The Earliest Settlements */

{{people infobox| name=Dwarves of the Grey Mountains| image=| caption=| pronun=| othernames=| origin=Exiled [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]] | location=[[Grey Mountains]] ([[Dáin's halls|Dáin's Halls]])| affiliation=| rivalry=[[Éothéod]]<ref>{{App|Eorl}}</ref>| language=[[Khuzdul]]| people=[[Durin's Folk]]| members=[[Thorin I]], [[Glóin (King of Durin's Folk)]], [[Óin (King of Durin's Folk)]], [[Thrór]]| lifespan=c. 250 years| distinctions=| height=| hair=| skin=| clothing=| weapons=}}
The '''Dwarves of the Grey Mountains''' were the [[Dwarves]] of [[Durin's Folk]] who lived in the [[Grey Mountains]] in northern [[Middle-earth]].

==The Earliest Settlements==
In the [[First Age]], the Longbeards established mansions in [[Moria]] and the [[Iron Hills]], and they considered the Grey Mountains, which lay between these mansions, to be within their territory. Some [[Men]]—mostly related to the [[House of Hador]] of [[Beleriand]]—settled between the Grey Mountains and [[Greenwood]], and they allied with the Longbeards against Morgoth's [[Orcs]].<ref name=relations>{{PM|Relations}}</ref> This alliance ended in the Second Age after [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]], which prompted the Longbeards to seal Moria. During this time, Orcs took control of the Grey Mountains.<ref name=relations/>

==The Awakening of Durin's Bane==
Durin's folk started to gather in the Grey Mountains in {{TA|1981}} after a [[Balrogs|Balrog]] was awakened in their ancestral home of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], which its people fled in fear. Another portion of Durin's folk lead by King [[Thráin I]] established the [[Kingdom under the Mountain]] founded the [[Kingdom under the Mountain]] in {{TA|1999}}<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref> at [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]].

Around {{TA|2000}}<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, entry "Scatha"</ref>, many centuries before Durin's Folk established a kingdom in the Ered Mithrin, [[Scatha]], a mighty [[Long-worms|Long-worm]] of the Grey Mountains and one of the greatest [[Dragons]] to infest that range of the north, had plundered treasure from the [[Dwarves]] and kept it in his hoard. He was slain by [[Fram]] son of [[Frumgar]] in the early days of the [[Éothéod]]. His recovered hoard was the subject of great dispute between the [[Éothéod|Men of the Éothéod]] and the [[Dwarves]] of that region, who claimed the hoard as their own. Fram rebuked their claim, and sent them the teeth of the dragon, with the words, "Jewels such as these you will not match in your treasuries, for they are hard to come by." It was rumoured that for this insult the Dwarves killed him.<ref>{{App|Eorl}}</ref>

==The Seat of Durin's Realm==
In {{TA|2210}} King [[Thorin I]], learning that most of his people were gathering in the Grey Mountains, left the Lonely Mountain to join the Dwarves to the north, for those mountains were rich and little explored.<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref>

==The War of the Dwarves and Dragons==
For many years, Durin's folk prospered in the Ered Mithrin but, the dragons of the [[Forodwaith]] eventually multiplied and became strong, and in {{TA|2570}}<ref name="AppB">{{App|B2}}</ref> the Dragons made war on the dwarves, sacking and plundering their halls. The Dwarves held out for around twenty years, but finally in {{TA|2589|n}}<ref name="AppB"/> the Dragons attacked the halls of King [[Dáin I]]. King Dáin, and his second son [[Frór]], were killed by a [[Cold-drake]] outside his door to his halls.<ref name="Durin"/>

Following the death of their king, most of [[Durin's Folk]] abandoned the Grey Mountains. In {{TA|2590|n}},<ref name="AppB"/> King [[Thrór]] and his uncle [[Borin]] returned to the Erebor with the [[Arkenstone]] to re-establish the Kingdom under the Mountain. However, Thrór's younger brother [[Grór]] led others to the [[Iron Hills]].<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref>

==Later History==
There still was a remnant of the Dwarves in the Ered Mithrin after the core of the population left<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref>, but were probably few; working whatever mines they could hold from the Orcs and Dragons.

It is likely that the Dwarves reclaimed all their old halls and mines sometime during the [[Fourth Age]], if not after [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] became king of Durin's folk in the late Third Age.

{{references}}

[[Category:Dwarven peoples]]
[[de:Ered Mithrin#Bewohner]]
[[fi:Harmaavuoret#Historia]]

Dwarves of the Grey Mountains

2019-01-27T19:42:11Z

72.141.101.237:

{{people infobox| name=Dwarves of the Grey Mountains| image=| caption=| pronun=| othernames=| origin=Exiled [[Dwarves of Khazad-dum]] | location=[[Grey Mountains]] ([[Dáin's halls|Dáin's Halls]])| affiliation=| rivalry=[[Éothéod]]<ref>{{App|Eorl}}</ref>| language=[[Khuzdul]]| people=[[Durin's Folk]]| members=[[Thorin I]], [[Glóin (King of Durin's Folk)]], [[Óin (King of Durin's Folk)]], [[Thrór]]| lifespan=c. 250 years| distinctions=| height=| hair=| skin=| clothing=| weapons=}}
The '''Dwarves of the Grey Mountains''' were the [[Dwarves]] of [[Durin's Folk]] who lived in the [[Grey Mountains]] in northern [[Middle-earth]].

==The Earliest Settlements==
In the [[First Age]], the Longbeards established mansions in [[Moria]] and the [[Iron Hills]], and they considered the Grey Mountains, which lay between these mansions, to be within their territory. Some [[Men]]—mostly related to the [[House of Hador]] of [[Beleriand]]—settled between the Grey Mountains and [[Greenwood]], and they allied with the Longbeards against Morgoth's [[Orcs]].<ref name=relations>{{PM|Relations}}</ref> This alliance ended in the Second Age after [[Sauron]] destroyed [[Eregion]], which prompted the Longbeards to seal Moria. During this time, Orcs took control of the Grey Mountains.<ref name=relations/>

Because of constant attack by both Orcs of Morgoth and possibly Dragons, they were not heavily explored or settled until the Third Age.

==The Awakening of Durin's Bane==
Durin's folk started to gather in the Grey Mountains in {{TA|1981}} after a [[Balrogs|Balrog]] was awakened in their ancestral home of [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], which its people fled in fear. Another portion of Durin's folk lead by King [[Thráin I]] established the [[Kingdom under the Mountain]] founded the [[Kingdom under the Mountain]] in {{TA|1999}}<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref> at [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]].

Around {{TA|2000}}<ref>{{HM|Guide}}, entry "Scatha"</ref>, many centuries before Durin's Folk established a kingdom in the Ered Mithrin, [[Scatha]], a mighty [[Long-worms|Long-worm]] of the Grey Mountains and one of the greatest [[Dragons]] to infest that range of the north, had plundered treasure from the [[Dwarves]] and kept it in his hoard. He was slain by [[Fram]] son of [[Frumgar]] in the early days of the [[Éothéod]]. His recovered hoard was the subject of great dispute between the [[Éothéod|Men of the Éothéod]] and the [[Dwarves]] of that region, who claimed the hoard as their own. Fram rebuked their claim, and sent them the teeth of the dragon, with the words, "Jewels such as these you will not match in your treasuries, for they are hard to come by." It was rumoured that for this insult the Dwarves killed him.<ref>{{App|Eorl}}</ref>

==The Seat of Durin's Realm==
In {{TA|2210}} King [[Thorin I]], learning that most of his people were gathering in the Grey Mountains, left the Lonely Mountain to join the Dwarves to the north, for those mountains were rich and little explored.<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref>

==The War of the Dwarves and Dragons==
For many years, Durin's folk prospered in the Ered Mithrin but, the dragons of the [[Forodwaith]] eventually multiplied and became strong, and in {{TA|2570}}<ref name="AppB">{{App|B2}}</ref> the Dragons made war on the dwarves, sacking and plundering their halls. The Dwarves held out for around twenty years, but finally in {{TA|2589|n}}<ref name="AppB"/> the Dragons attacked the halls of King [[Dáin I]]. King Dáin, and his second son [[Frór]], were killed by a [[Cold-drake]] outside his door to his halls.<ref name="Durin"/>

Following the death of their king, most of [[Durin's Folk]] abandoned the Grey Mountains. In {{TA|2590|n}},<ref name="AppB"/> King [[Thrór]] and his uncle [[Borin]] returned to the Erebor with the [[Arkenstone]] to re-establish the Kingdom under the Mountain. However, Thrór's younger brother [[Grór]] led others to the [[Iron Hills]].<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref>

==Later History==
There still was a remnant of the Dwarves in the Ered Mithrin after the core of the population left<ref name="Durin">{{App|Durin}}</ref>, but were probably few; working whatever mines they could hold from the Orcs and Dragons.

It is likely that the Dwarves reclaimed all their old halls and mines sometime during the [[Fourth Age]], if not after [[Dáin Ironfoot|Dáin II Ironfoot]] became king of Durin's folk in the late Third Age.

{{references}}

[[Category:Dwarven peoples]]
[[de:Ered Mithrin#Bewohner]]
[[fi:Harmaavuoret#Historia]]

Petty-dwarves

2019-01-27T19:06:51Z

72.141.101.237:

{{people infobox
| name=Petty-dwarves
| image=[[File:Angus McBride - Petty dwarves.jpg|250px]]
| caption=Petty dwarves by Angus McBride
| pronun=
| othernames=Nibin-noeg, Nibin-Nogrim, Noegyth Nibin
| origin=Exiles from the eastern [[Dwarf realms|Dwarf-cities]]
| location=Dwelt at one time at [[Nulukkizdîn]] in the [[Caverns of Narog]], and latterly at [[Bar-en-Nibin-noeg]] on [[Amon Rûdh]]
| affiliation=
| rivalry=[[Elves]]; especially [[Noldor]]
| language=[[Khuzdul]], [[Sindarin]]
| members=[[Mîm]], [[Ibun]], [[Khîm]]
| lifespan=
| distinctions=Smaller, far more unsociable, freely gave away their [[Khuzdul]] names
| height=Shorter than the other Dwarves
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Petty-dwarves''' were a diminutive race of [[Dwarves]].

Petty-dwarves differed from normal Dwarves in various ways: they were smaller, far more unsociable, and they freely gave away their names: other Dwarves kept their [[Khuzdul]] names and language a secret. This may have been one of the reasons they were exiled.<ref>{{webcite|articleurl=http://folk.uib.no/hnohf/khuzdul.htm|website=Arda|title=Khuzdul}}</ref>
==History==
The Petty-dwarves were Dwarves of [presumably] several [[:Category: Dwarven clans|clans]], which had been exiled from eastern Dwarf cities for unclear reasons. They were the first to cross the [[Ered Luin]] in the [[First Age]], and established strongholds in [[Beleriand]] before the [[Elves]] arrived, at [[Nulukkizdîn]] and [[Sharbhund]] (also known as ''Bar-en-Nibin-noeg'', the "House of the Petty Dwarves"). In Beleriand they diminished in physical stature and in smith-craft.<ref name="Turambar1">{{S|21}}</ref>
[[File:Steamey - Hunting.jpg|thumb|left|Steamey - ''Hunting'']]
The [[Sindar]], not acquainted with Dwarves yet, thought the Petty-dwarves were animals, and hunted them. Not until the Dwarves of [[Belegost]] and [[Nogrod]] established contact with the Sindar did they realize what the "animals" were and named them ''Noegyth Nibin''; Petty-dwarves.

Afterwards they were mostly left alone, but they had already dwindled and hated all [[Elves]] with a passion; especially the [[Noldor]] whom they saw as usurpers who took their lands ([[Nargothrond]] was built in Nulukkizdîn).<ref name="Turambar1"/> In the time of the [[Wars of Beleriand]] the Petty-dwarves had nearly died out. The last remnant of their people were [[Mîm]] and his two sons [[Ibun]] and [[Khîm]], who lived at [[Amon Rûdh]].<ref name="Turambar1"/>

==Names==
A name among the [[Eldar]] for the Petty-dwarves was '''''Levain tad-[[tal|dail]]''''' (biped animals), or simply ''Tad-dail''.<ref>{{WJ|AB}}, p. 388</ref> Another name, used among the [[Sindar]], was '''''Noegyth Nibin''''' or '''''Nibin-Noeg''''' or '''''Nibin-Nogrim'''''.

{{references}}

{{dwarvenclans}}

[[Category:Dwarves]]
[[de:Kleinzwerge]]
[[fr:encyclo/peuples/nains/petits-nains]]
[[fi:Vähäkääpiöt]]

Stonefoots

2019-01-27T18:54:00Z

72.141.101.237:

{{people infobox
| name=Stonefoots
| image=[[File:Daniel Falconer - Stonefoot dwarf.png|250px]]
| caption="[[:File:Daniel Falconer - Stonefoot dwarf.png|Stonefoot dwarf]]" by [[Daniel Falconer]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| origin=
| location=Mountains of the [[East]]<ref>{{PM|X}}</ref>
| affiliation=[[Blacklocks]]
| rivalry=
| language=[[Khuzdul]]
| members=
| lifespan=
| distinctions=
| height=
| hair=
| skin=
| clothing=
| weapons=
}}
The '''Stonefoots''' were one of seven houses of the [[Dwarves]] that dwelt in the mountains of the [[East]]. They were originally paired with the [[Blacklocks]].<ref>{{PM|X}}, pp. 301, 322 (note 24)</ref>

It is possible that the Stonefoots were among the "''Houses of other Fathers''" who sent troops to help [[Durin's Folk]] in the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]].<ref>{{App|A3}}</ref>

Late in the [[Third Age]], when war and terror grew in the [[East]] itself, considerable numbers of Stonefoots and dwarves of the Eastern clans left their ancient homelands. They sought refuge in Middle-earth's western lands, where some of them met [[Frodo Baggins]].<ref>{{FR|Shadow}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==

'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
: The unnamed Dwarven tribes were given invented names in an early supplement.<ref>{{ICE|8004}}</ref> While these were published before the publication of Tolkien's late note on the name of the Dwarven houses of the East, it has been suggested that the Stonefoots could correspond to '''Barin's Tribe''' (as portrayed in ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing|MERP]]'').<ref>[[Thomas Morwinsky]], "A Brief History of the Dwarven Mansions", in ''[[Other Minds]]'' issue 4 (July 2008)</ref>

'''2002-5: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game]]'':'''
: The House corresponding to the Stonefoots is called '''Vigdís's Folk''', said to inhabit a stronghold in the far East of Middle-earth.<ref>{{D|M}}</ref>

{{references}}
{{dwarvenclans}}