Tolkien Gateway - User contributions [en]

Onnalúmë

2026-06-07T18:55:33Z

Airyn: creating the page

'''''Onnalúmë''''' is a [[Quenya]] word meaning "Time of the Children"<ref>{{NM|Glossary}}, p. 414</ref>, composed of ''onna''="child" and ''[[lúmë]]''="time, hour". It appears mainly in ''[[The Nature of Middle-earth]]'' book. An ''Onnalúmë'' was the duration (often expressed in ''löar'') occupied by having children in the life of the mother-elf, from the first conception to the last birth.

==Other forms==
*''Ontalúmë''<ref>{{NM|P1iv}}, p. 26</ref>
*''Onnarië''<ref>{{NM|P1iii}}, p. 16</ref>

{{References}}
{{title|lowercase}}
[[Category:Quenya nouns]]

File:Regional maps of MERP - Airyyn.png

2026-05-16T15:09:41Z

Airyn: Airyn uploaded a new version of File:Regional maps of MERP - Airyyn.png

Regional maps of the Middle-earth Role Playing Game (MERP) 1982-1997. Infographic by Airyyn (2025) – Special thanks to Irwin. General map design by Peter C. Fenlon, Jr & Terry K. Amthor. All products and trademark are © Iron Crown Enterprises (I.C.E.).

[[Category:Maps of Middle-earth]]

The First 'Silmarillion' Map (map)

2026-05-16T08:20:01Z

Airyn: Adding a new picture in the 'Maps gallery'

'''The First 'Silmarillion' Map''' is a map of [[Beleriand]] drawn by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] on single sheet (likely dating from c. 1926-30<ref group=note>[[Christopher Tolkien]] believes the map to be contemporary with the manuscript "Sketch of the Mythology"; see {{SM|2}}, p. 11.</ref>), with "two supplementary sheets, giving an Eastern and a Western extension to the main or central map".<ref>{{SM|4}}</ref> The name [[Thimbalt]], which probably refers to another fortress such as Angband, only appears on this map. Thimbalt was struck out using a pencil on this map.<ref>{{SM|4b}}</ref>.

== Maps gallery ==

<gallery mode="traditional">
File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The First 'Silmarillion' Map.jpg|Central part of the First Map (Original version)
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Airyyn.png|A new rendering of the First Map (central part), by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2022).
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Eastward Extension - Airyyn.png|A colourised and cleaned version of the eastward extension of the First Map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2025).
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Westward Extension - Airyyn.png|Same work with the westward extension of the First Map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2026).
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map in 3D - Airyyn.png|Axonometric view of the First Map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2017).
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]] (chapter)
*[[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]]

{{references|n}}

{{maps}}
{{title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:First 'Silmarillion' Map, The}}

[[Category:Maps of Beleriand]]

File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Westward Extension - Airyyn.png

2026-05-16T08:18:37Z

Airyn: The ‘First Silmarillion Map’ - The Westward Extension New rendering by Airynn (personal work) Source : J.R.R. Tolkien, The Shaping of Middle-earth, The History of Middle-earth – Vol. 4, ed. Christopher Tolkien, George Allen & Unwin, 1986, p. 227-230.

== Summary ==
The ‘First Silmarillion Map’ - The Westward Extension
New rendering by Airynn (personal work)

Source : J.R.R. Tolkien, The Shaping of Middle-earth, The History of Middle-earth – Vol. 4, ed. Christopher Tolkien, George Allen & Unwin, 1986, p. 227-230.

Ann-Sophie Qvarnström

2026-04-22T09:02:47Z

Airyn: Adding a "maps gallery" with maps or Rohan and Southern Mirkwood

'''Ann-Sophie Qvarnström''' (born [[1958]]), Swedish silversmith and illustrator, created several maps of [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s [[Middle-earth]] in the 1980s for ''Sagan om Ringen: Rollspelet'' (the Swedish version of ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing|MERP]]''). The maps were made using gouache paint and were designed after the original MERP maps created by [[Pete Fenlon]].

==Bibliography==

Selected bibliography of published maps concerned with the legendarium of J.R.R. Tolkien.

*[[1988]]: ''Rohan'' (''[[Riders of Rohan (1985 book)]]'')
*[[1988]]: ''Södra Mörkmården'' (''[[Southern Mirkwood]]'')

== Maps gallery ==

<gallery mode="traditional">
File:Ann-Sophie Qvarnström - Morkmarden.jpg|Map of Southern Mirkwood (1988).
File:Ann-Sophie Qvarnström - Rohan.jpg|Map of Rohan (1988).
</gallery>

==See also==

*[[:CATEGORY:Images by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström|Images by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström]]

[[Category:Cartographers|Qvarnstrom, Ann-Sophie]]
[[Category:Swedish people|Qvarnstrom, Ann-Sophie]]
[[Category:People by name|Qvarnstrom, Ann-Sophie]]

File:Ann-Sophie Qvarnström - Rohan.jpg

2026-04-22T09:01:46Z

Airyn: Map of Rohan by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström. The map was published in the Swedish version of ''MERP: Rohan'' (''Södra Mörkmården'', 1988). CATEGORY:Images by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström CATEGORY:Maps of Rohan

== Summary ==
Map of Rohan by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström. The map was published in the Swedish version of ''MERP: Rohan'' (''Södra Mörkmården'', 1988). [[CATEGORY:Images by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström]] [[CATEGORY:Maps of Rohan]]
== Licensing ==
{{Copyright-fairuse|INSERT COPYRIGHT HOLDER WITH WEBSITE LINK}}

File:Ann-Sophie Qvarnström - Morkmarden.jpg

2026-04-22T08:52:38Z

Airyn: Airyn uploaded a new version of File:Ann-Sophie Qvarnström - Morkmarden.jpg

==Summary==
Map of Rhovanion by [[Ann-Sophie Qvarnström]].

The map was published in the Swedish version of ''[[Southern Mirkwood]]'' (''Södra Mörkmården'', 1988).

==Licensing==
{{Fairuse-ICE}}
{{map}}

[[Category:Images by Ann-Sophie Qvarnström]]
[[Category:Maps of Rhovanion]]

Eglarest

2026-04-16T07:27:48Z

Airyn: Adding 'Eldorest' as en earlier name

{{location infobox
| name=Eglarest
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=[[Falas]], at the mouth of the [[Nenning]]
| type=City
| description=
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Falathrim]]
| created={{YT|1149}}<ref>"Annals"{{AA|70}}</ref>
| destroyed={{FA|473}}
| events=[[Fall of the Falas]]
}}
'''Eglarest''' was the southern of the two [[Havens of the Falas]] that lay at the mouth of the River [[Nenning]] on the western coasts of [[Beleriand]]. The northern haven was called [[Brithombar]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> They were founded during the [[Years of the Trees]] of the [[First Age]] by [[Círdan]]. Upon the cape west of Eglarest [[Finrod]] had built [[Barad Nimras]].<ref>{{S|14}}</ref> The Havens lasted until they were taken by [[Morgoth]] in {{FA|473}}.<ref>{{GA|256}}</ref>

==Etymology==
It has been suggested that the name means "Ravine of the [[Eglath|Eglain]]".<ref>[http://thainsbook.net/towns.html#Beleriand The Thain's Book - Cities & Towns]</ref> Cf. the [[Noldorin]] word ''rhest''<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}} p. 384</ref> and [[Imladris]].

==Other names==
An earlier name for this city is ''Eldorest'', which takes its name from the river ''Eldor'' whose mouth is located near the city. This name appears on the Westward extension of [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]]<ref>{{SM|4e}}, p. 227.</ref>.

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]
[[Category:Falas]]
[[Category:Harbours]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[de:Eglarest]]
[[fi:Eglarest]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes tours et forteresses:beleriand:eglarest]]

Obel Halad

2026-04-04T15:35:39Z

Airyn: Link to the french encyclopedia

{{Rewrite}}{{Stub}}{{Expansion}}{{location infobox
| name=Obel Halad
| image=Alan Lee - Ephel Brandir.jpg
| caption="Ephel Brandir" by [[Alan Lee]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Ephel Brandir, Obel, Ephel
| location=[[Amon Obel]], [[Forest of Brethil]]
| type=Settlement
| description=The capital of the [[Forest of Brethil]]
| regions=
| settlements=[[Hall of the Chieftains]]
| inhabitants=[[Haladin]], [[Men of Brethil]], [[Drúedain]], [[Woodmen]]
| created=[[First Age]]
| destroyed=During the late [[First Age]]
| rebuilt=
| events=
| audio=
| audiocaption=
| map=
| timeline=
}}

'''Obel Halad''', also called the '''Obel''', '''Ephel Brandir''', and the '''Ephel''', was the "capital" settlement of the [[Men of Brethil|woodmen]] in the centre of the [[Forest of Brethil]], the homeland of the [[House of Haleth|People]] of [[Haleth]]. Within this settlement was the [[Hall of the Chieftains]] or [[Halad|Warden of Brethil]], who was the leader of the land.<ref>{{WJ|Hurin}}, p. 263</ref> Obel Halad lay upon the hill of [[Amon Obel]], and is where [[Túrin]] was taken when he fell ill. It was ruled by [[Brandir]] son of [[Handir]].

==Etymology==
''Obel Halad'' meant the Fortified Settlement of the Halad.

''Ephel Brandir'' is [[Sindarin]] for "the encircling fence of Brandir".<ref>{{UT|15}}, p. 435, entry "Ephel Brandir"</ref>

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In earlier versions, transient names for Ephel Brandir were '''[[Tavrobel#Tavrobel_in_Brethil|Tavrobel]]''' and '''Bar Haleth''', and these can be seen on the [[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]]. The location for Tavrobel and Bar Haleth were considerably eastward of where Ephel Brandir would be located.<ref name="woj_c_324">{{WJ|P1c}}, §324</ref>

As noted by [[Christopher Tolkien]]: "Beyond the fact that ‘Tavrobel’ was in the extreme east of Brethil it is not possible to be sure of its site. Bar Haleth was in turn crossed out. It seems certain therefore that this was a transient name for Ephel Brandir, which was marked in subsequently in the centre of Brethil"<ref name="woj_c_324" />

In the development of the story, "[[The Wanderings of Húrin]]" (a tale that [[Christopher Tolkien]] regretfully excluded from ''[[The Silmarillion]]''), Obel Halad replaced [[Ephel Brandir]] as the chief settlement of the [[Haladin]].<ref>{{WJ|Hurin}}, note 17, p. 301</ref> Since Ephel Brandir was built upon [[Amon Obel]]<ref>{{UT|Index}}</ref> it is likely that its replacement was also intended to be in the same location.

{{references}}

[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:villes_tours_et_forteresses:beleriand:ephel_brandir]]

User:Airyn

2026-01-09T19:47:17Z

Airyn: Adding link to a new essay

Hello everybody,

Here I list my contributions on J.R.R. Tolkien's works.

==== Maps and cartography ====

[[File:Airyyn - The Wanderings of Hurin.jpg|thumb|''[[The Wanderings of Húrin]]'', by Airyyn (sept. 2015).]]
Currently, I create maps with the pseudonym of Airyyn which I post [https://www.deviantart.com/airyyn on DeviantArt] (see an example on the right).
[[File:Airyyn - Journeys of Tuor.jpg|thumb|''Journeys of [[Tuor]]'', by Airyyn (2015).]]
[[File:March_of_the_Quendi_Airyyn.jpg|center|thumb|950x950px|Infographic depicting the March of the Quendi, such as described by Tolkien in ''[[The Nature of Middle-earth]]'' (p.47, p.49-53). The picture shows the itinerary of the Quendi in Middle-earth (at the top) associated with a timeline (center) in valian years and in solar years from the Awakening, and the number of Eldar (bottom).]]
[[File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Airyyn.png|thumb|400px|A new rendering of the First Silmarillion map.]]
[[File:Regional maps of MERP - Airyyn.png|thumb|alt=Infographic showing the regional maps included in each module of the Middle-earth Role Playing Game (MERP)|Infographic showing the regional maps included in each module of the Middle-earth Role Playing Game (MERP, 1st and 2nd edition) during the period 1982-1997. Most of the regional maps were designed by [[Pete Fenlon]] at the scale 1’’ = 20 miles. Infographic by [[User:Airyn|Airyn]] (2025).]]
[[File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map in 3D - Airyyn.png|thumb|400px|Axonometric view of the First ''Silmarillion'' map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2017).]]

With additional works :
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/galerie/ayrinhac_simon/carte_du_col_de_tarlang A map of Tarlang's Neck], published in Tolkiendil Calendar 2019.
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/asso/mag/mag7 The journeys of Lady Haleth], a map published in magazine [[L'Arc et le Heaume 7|''l'Arc et le Heaume n°7'']].

==== Articles and essays ====

I am a member of french [https://www.tolkiendil.com/asso association Tolkiendil], where I published some essays (in french) on line :
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/legendaire/la_composition_du_silmarillion The composition of ''The Silmarillion''] (2014).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/etudes/representation_cartographique On the Tolkien's cartographic representation] (2016).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/panorama_cartographes An overview of the Middle-earth cartographers] (2018).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/coordonnes_geographiques About geographical coordinates in Middle-earth] (2020).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/comte_dimensions_bordures The Shire, size and borders] (2022).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/peuples/vieillissement On the ageing of the elves in ''The Nature of Middle-Earth''] (2022).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/peuples/demographie-elfique Demography of the elves in ''The Nature of Middle-Earth''] (2023).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/critiques/atlas_fonstad_premiere_edition On the Fonstad's ''Atlas of Middle-earth – the first edition (1981)] (2023)
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/terre_du_milieu_sur_le_globe Middle-earth on the globe] (february 2025).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/carte_generale_versions The general map of Middle-earth: List of sketches and published versions] (march 2025).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/cartes_du_silmarillion The maps of ''The Silmarillion'' : sketches and published versions] (december 2025).

I published some essays on the website [https://www.jrrvf.com/ JRRVF.com] :
* [https://www.jrrvf.com/precieux-heritage/essais/articles-de-portee-generale/atlas-geopolitique-du-beleriand/ A geopolitical atlas of Beleriand], the stories in Beleriand illustrated by 20 maps (2014).
* [https://www.jrrvf.com/precieux-heritage/essais/articles-de-portee-generale/tolkien-et-la-ludic-fantasy/ Tolkien and the ludic fantasy], the works of Tolkien seen in Dragon Magazine (2015).

I published one essay in the books of [[Didier Willis]], founder of [[Hiswelókë]] :
* ''On the Tolkien's cartographic representation'' [''La représentation cartographique chez J.R.R. Tolkien''], in ''[[Fées, navigateurs & autres miscellanées en Terre du Milieu]]'', [[Didier Willis]], Romaine Casademont, Mahdî Brecq & [[Leo Carruthers]] (dir.), editeur Le Dragon de Brume, déc. 2017, p.51-64.

I published also some essays in the Tolkiendil's journel entitled ''[https://www.tolkiendil.com/asso/mag L'Arc et le Heaume]'' (ISSN 2106-5551) :
* ''Genesis and edition of the chapters 'Ainulindalë' and 'Valaquenta' in the published Silmarillion'' [''Genèse et édition des chapitres « Ainulindalë » et « Valaquenta » du Silmarillion publié''], [[L'Arc et le Heaume 6|''L'Arc et le Heaume'' n°6]] - Ainulindalë et Valaquenta, Audrey Morelle (dir.), Laura Martin-Gomez, p. 22-31, 174 pages, , août 2019.
* ''Galadriel in The Silmarillion'' [''Galadriel dans le « Silmarillion »''], in [[L'Arc et le Heaume 7|''L'Arc et le Heaume'' n°7]] - Tolkien au féminin, Laura Martin-Gomez (dir.), p. 66-79, juillet 2021.
* « ''The map of Rohan, Gondor and Mordor'' » [« ''La carte du Rohan, Gondor et Mordor'' »], in [[L'Arc et le Heaume 8|''L’Arc et le Heaume'' n°8]] - Autour du ''Seigneur des Anneaux'', 2025, p. 26-33.

==== On Tolkien Gateway ====

Concerning books on J.R.R. Tolkien, I possess in my bookcase :
:* The volume IV of ''The Lord of the Rings'' ([https://www.chasse-aux-livres.fr/prix/2267004577/le-seigneur-des-anneaux-tome-4-appendices-et-annexes for real !]).
:* ''The book of Lost Tales'' (in french), with the signature of [[Adam Tolkien]].
:* ''Signalling: Morse, Semaphore, Station Work'', Capt. E. John Solano, 1915 : one copy of the book where Tolkien learned map reading.
:* The first edition (1981) of [[Karen_Wynn_Fonstad|K.W. Fonstad]]'s ''[[The_Atlas_of_Middle-earth|Atlas of Middle-earth]]''.

[https://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Special:Contributions/Airyn My contributions on Tolkien Gateway].

Shortcuts [https://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Help:References templates for references], including [http://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Template:NM ''Nature of Middle-Earth''].

My [https://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Tolkien_Gateway:Userboxes Userboxes] :
{{user lore-3}}
{{user fr-N}}
{{User France}}
{{user ref}}
{{user interwiki}}
{{user years|5}}

Cape Balar

2025-12-24T09:19:26Z

Airyn: Adding place name "Ship-havens"

'''Cape Balar''' was the small cape that lay to the south-west of [[Arvernien]], and marked the northern limit of the [[Bay of Balar]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref>

On [[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]], a later addition by Tolkien shows the place name "Ship-havens" on the small bay formed to the east of Cape Balar<ref>{{WJ|11}}, p.190, and map case [K5] p.184</ref>.

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Capes]]
[[fi:Balarinniemi]]

Finrod

2025-12-20T09:25:25Z

Airyn: Adding link to FR encyclopedia

{{short description|King of Nargothrond}}
{{infobox character
| people=[[Noldor|Noldo]]
| name=Finrod Felagund
| image=Elena Kukanova - Finrod - First Encounter with Edain.jpg
| caption="Finrod - First Encounter with Edain" by [[Elena Kukanova]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Findaráto'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Father-name|fn]]) ''[[Ingoldo]]'' ([[Quenya|Q]], [[Amilessë|mn]]) ''[[Nóm]]'' or ''Nómin'' ([[Taliska|T]]) ''Felakgundu'' ([[Khuzdul|K]])
| titles=[[King of Nargothrond]]
| position=
| location=[[Eldamar]] [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] [[Nargothrond]]
| affiliation=[[Nargothrond]] [[Quest for the Silmaril]]
| language=[[Quenya]] [[Telerin]] [[Sindarin]] [[Taliska]]
| birth={{YT|1300}}
| birthlocation=[[Eldamar]]
| rule={{FA|102}} - {{FA|465|n}}
| death={{FA|465}}
| deathlocation=[[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]]
| age=c. 2,381 years<ref group="note">[[Years of the Sun]]. Each [[Years of the Trees|Year of the Trees]] is equal to 9.582 Years of the Sun, and the Years of the Trees ended in the [[Year of the Trees 1500|year 1500]].</ref>
| notablefor=
| house=[[House of Finarfin]]
| parentage=[[Finarfin]] & [[Eärwen]]
| siblings=[[Angrod]] [[Aegnor]] [[Galadriel]]
| spouse=Lover of [[Amarië]]
| children=None
| gender=Male
| height=
| hair=Golden
| eyes=
| clothing=[[Ring of Barahir]]
| weapons=
| steed=
}}
{{Quote|Finrod was like his father in his fair face and golden hair, and also in noble and generous heart, though he had the high courage of the Ñoldor and in his youth their eagerness and unrest; and he had also from his Telerin mother a love of the sea and dreams of far lands that he had never seen.|''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', "[[Shibboleth of Fëanor]]"}}

'''Finrod''' was an [[Elves|Elven]] king of the [[Noldor]], eldest son of [[Finarfin]] and older brother to [[Angrod]], [[Aegnor]] and [[Galadriel]]. Finrod was like his father in his fair face and golden hair, and also in his noble and generous heart.

In [[Beleriand]], Finrod became the ruler of [[Nargothrond]], taking the [[Epessë|after-name]] of '''Felagund'''. He was a wise, just and powerful Elf, and a great traveller.<ref>[[Robert Foster]], ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]'', p. 144</ref>

==History==
Finrod was born in [[Eldamar]] in the [[Year of the Trees 1300]] within the [[First Age]], the same as his cousin [[Turgon]].<ref>{{AA|85|note}}</ref> They were friends, and his beloved was [[Amarië]] of the [[Vanyar]].

Finrod was like his father in his fair face and golden hair, and also in noble and generous heart, though he had the high courage of the Noldor and in his youth their eagerness and unrest; and he had also from his Telerin mother a love of the sea and dreams of far lands that he had never seen.<ref>{{UT|Galadriel}}</ref>

Finrod was among those who opposed [[Fëanor]] and the [[Exile of the Noldor]]. However, when the Noldor were set to depart from [[Aman]], he joined them, for he would not be sundered from his friends and his people who were eager to go. Also, he had no wish to abandon his people to Fëanor's rule.<ref>{{S|Flight}}</ref>

===Return of the Noldor===
Finrod, along with his father, led the rear of the host along with many of the noblest and wisest of the Noldor; and often they looked behind them to see their fair city, especially Finrod, for he had to leave Amarië behind. With him, he brought along many treasures from [[Tirion]],<ref name="return">{{S|Return}}</ref> including [[Ring of Barahir|his Ring]].<ref name="beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref>

Finrod and his people did not participate in the [[Kinslaying at Alqualondë]]. While they were travelling up the coast of [[Araman]], the [[Valar|Vala]] [[Mandos]] appeared and pronounced the [[Doom of the Noldor]], and in that hour, Finarfin forsook the march and returned to [[Valinor]] with many of his people. However, Finrod and his siblings went forward still and led their people on the long and perilous march to [[Middle-earth]].

===Life in Beleriand===
After their victory in the [[Dagor-nuin-Giliath]], the Noldor started building their numerous realms. Finrod established the tower of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] on the island of [[Tol Sirion]]. Once, while journeying southward along the river [[Sirion]], Finrod and his friend [[Turgon]] encamped upon its banks. [[Ulmo]], coming up the river, laid a deep sleep upon them and heavy dreams; and it seemed to each that he was bidden to prepare for a day of evil, and to establish a retreat, lest [[Morgoth]] should burst from [[Angband]] and overthrow the armies of the North.

[[File:Mysilvergreen - Finrod Felagund.jpg|left|thumb|''Finrod Felagund'' by [[:Category:Images by Mysilvergreen|Mysilvergreen]]]]
Now on a time Finrod and his sister [[Galadriel]] were guests of King [[Thingol|Elu Thingol]], their kinsman in [[Doriath]]. There, Finrod told Thingol of his admiration for the halls of [[Menegroth]]; and Thingol spoke to him of the deep gorge of the river [[Narog]] and told him about the caves under the [[High Faroth]] in its deep western shore. Thus Finrod came to the [[Caverns of Narog]] and established there deep halls and armouries; and that stronghold was called [[Nargothrond]]. In this he was aided by the [[Dwarves]] of the [[Blue Mountains]], and Finrod rewarded them with many jewels from Valinor. In that time, the [[Nauglamír]] was made for him, the Necklace of the Dwarves. After Nargothrond was made, Finrod committed Minas Tirith to the keeping of [[Orodreth]], his nephew, and was referred to by the additional name of ''Felagund'', an honorific title given him by the Dwarves, meaning a "Maker of Caves".

The realm of Nargothrond extended to the sea, excluding the [[Falas]]. Finrod was a friend and ally of [[Círdan]], and had also built the tower [[Barad Nimras]] upon the cape.<ref>{{S|14}}</ref>

===Encounter with Men===
[[File:Steamey - Finrod, Beor and the Green-elves of Ossiriand.jpg|thumb|''Finrod, Beor and the Green-elves of Ossiriand'' by [[:Category:Images by Steamey|Steamy]]]]
When over three hundred years had passed since the Noldor came to Beleriand, Finrod journeyed east of Sirion and went hunting with [[Maglor]] and [[Maedhros]], two of the [[sons of Fëanor]]. But he wearied of the hunt and passed on alone towards the mountains of [[Ered Lindon]]. There, in the lands of [[Thargelion]], in [[East Beleriand]], Finrod was the first of the Noldor to come across [[Men]]. These were the kindred and followers of [[Bëor]] [[The Old]]. He went among them while they were sleeping and, picking up a harp which Bëor had laid aside, played music upon it such as the ears of men had not heard. When the men awoke and listened to his song, each thought that he was in some fair dream. He long stayed with them, learning [[Taliska|their language]] and teaching them [[Sindarin]]. He also intervened on behalf of the [[Laiquendi]] of [[Ossiriand]], who feared Men would destroy their home, and he got permission of [[Thingol]], who held rule over all [[Beleriand]], to guide the Men to [[Estolad]].<ref name="West">{{S|West}}</ref>

Finrod had a close friendship with [[Andreth]] of the [[House of Bëor]], whom he often visited during the [[Siege of Angband]] to converse with her on the matters of Elves and Men. One such conversation was written down and later known as ''[[Athrabeth Finrod ah Andreth]]''.

Finrod participated in the [[Dagor Bragollach]], fighting in the [[Fen of Serech]], when he was surrounded by [[Orcs]]. It was [[Barahir]] of the [[House of Bëor]] who saved his life, and Finrod swore an oath of abiding friendship and aid in every need to Barahir and all his kin. As a token he gave Barahir his ring, which became known as the [[Ring of Barahir]].<ref>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>

===Quest for the Silmaril===
[[File:Anke Eißmann - Finrod is reminded of his oath.jpeg|thumb|''Finrod is reminded of his oath'' by [[Anke Eißmann]]]]
When, ten years later, Barahir's son [[Beren]] came to Nargothrond seeking help, Finrod went with him on the [[Quest for the Silmaril]] to repay his debt. [[Celegorm]] and [[Curufin]], who were living in Nargothrond at the time, persuaded (using barely veiled threats related to their [[Oath of Fëanor|Oath]]) most of Nargothrond to stay behind. Only ten warriors, headed by one [[Edrahil]], were faithful and came with them. Beneath the [[Shadowy Mountains]] they came upon a company of [[Orcs]], and slew them all in their camp. They took their gear and weapons, and by the magic of Finrod, their own forms and faces were changed to the likeness of Orcs. Thus disguised, they came far upon their northward road between [[Ered Wethrin]] and the highlands of [[Taur-nu-Fuin (Dorthonion)|Taur-nu-Fuin]]. However, the twelve were captured and imprisoned by [[Sauron]] on [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] ("Isle of Werewolves").<ref name="beren" />

Thus befell the contest of Finrod and Sauron. Finrod strove with Sauron in [[He chanted a song of wizardry,|songs of power]], and the power of the Elven King was very great. But in the end, Sauron had the mastery.

[[File:Anke Eißmann - Death of Finrod Felagund.jpeg|thumb|''Death of Finrod Felagund'' by [[Anke Eißmann]]]]
Then Sauron stripped from them their disguise, but though their kinds were revealed, he could not discover their names or their purposes.

Sauron imprisoned them and one by one they were killed by werewolves until only Beren and Felagund were left, but none of the companions betrayed them. When the werewolf came to kill Beren, Felagund put forth all his power and burst his bonds. He wrestled with the werewolf, and slew it with his hands and teeth. Yet he himself was mortally wounded, and he died in the dark, in Tol-in-Gaurhoth, whose great tower he himself had built. Thus King Finrod Felagund, the fairest and most beloved of the house of [[Finwë]], redeemed his oath.

===Reincarnation===
[[File:Donato Giancola - Lore.jpeg|thumb|An Elf loremaster ponders at a mural of Finrod leading his House in battle. Art by [[Donato Giancola]]]]
Before the First Age ended after the [[War of Wrath]], the exiled Noldor were all under a ban imposed by [[Manwë]] and could not return in bodily form to the Blessed Realm.<ref>{{PM|Last}}, Glorfindel II, p. 380</ref> However, as a reward for his noble and selfless actions in life, as well as his reluctance to depart the [[Undying Lands]] for Middle-earth during the Flight of the Noldor hundreds of years earlier, Finrod was allowed to be released from the [[Halls of Mandos]] and to [[Elven life cycle#Death and reincarnation|re-embody]] in Valinor after only a short time. According to the [[Lay of Leithian]], Finrod still dwells beneath the trees in [[Eldamar]], reuniting with both his father Finarfin and his beloved Amarië.<ref name="beren">{{S|Beren}}</ref><ref name="GA-2">{{GA|180}}</ref>

==Etymology==
{{seealso|#Other versions of the legendarium}}
{{Pronounce|Finrod Felagund.mp3|Ardamir}}
The name ''Finrod'' is the [[Sindarin]] form of his [[father-name]] '''''Findaráto''''' ("[Golden-]Haired Champion"). It is possible he and his brother [[Angrod]] were first called ''[[Aráto]]'', and later differentiated adding ''find-'', referred to the golden hair derived from [[Indis]]. This name was [[Telerin]] in form where the adjectival element ("aráto" in this case) was typically placed second while in [[Quenya]] it would have preceded. Thus, the more natural Quenya form would have been '''''Artafindë'''''.<ref name="Finwe">{{PM|Finwe}}</ref>{{rp|346–347}}

===Felagund===
'''''Felagund''''' was an [[epessë]] given to him by the [[Dwarves]] that expanded the caves of Nargothrond, and meant "Hewer of Caves". It is not Sindarin, but rather [[Sindarinized]] [[Khuzdul]], from '''''Felakgundu'''''. The name was Eldarized by other as '''''Felagon''''' (in relation with Fin''gon'', Tur''gon'').<ref>{{PM|Felagund}}, p. 352</ref>

While revising his [[Elvish]] languages in later years, [[Tolkien]] reinterpreted ''Felagund'' as "den-dweller, brock, badger", from [[Sindarin]] ''fela'', which was used for dens made by wild animals or temporary dwellings of wandering folks, unrelated to big carved caves. The west bank of Narog had many dens of badgers, some of them occupied by [[Petty-dwarves]]. It was thus probable that ''Felagund'' was actually given by the [[Sons of Fëanor]] as a mockery to Finrod, and transmitted by the Dwarves.<ref>{{NM|P3vii}}, p. 304</ref>

An early etymology for ''Felagund'' was "Lord of Caves" in [[Noldorin]], from ''[[fela]]'' ("caverns") + ''[[cunn]]'' ("prince").<ref>{{LR|P3}}, entries "KUNDU", "PHELEG"</ref>

==Other names==
His [[Amilessë|mother-name]] was '''''[[Ingoldo]]''''', which was also the mother-name of his father Finarfin. It meant "''the'' Ñoldo", 'one-eminent of the kindred' which is in simpler words 'the wise'. It was a name used by his brothers and sister, who loved him.<ref name="Finwe">{{PM|Finwe}}</ref>{{rp|346, 360}}

Finrod was also called '''''[[Nóm]]''''' ("Wisdom") by [[Bëor]] and his [[House of Bëor|people]].<ref name="West">{{S|West}}</ref> His other titles include "the Faithful", "the Friend of Men", "[[King of Nargothrond]]", "[[Lord of Nargothrond]]".<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry "Finrod"</ref><ref name=":0">[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Appendix B]] "The Tale of Years".</ref>

He was often called by the Eldar '''''Edennil''''' or '''''Atandil''''', which means "Friend of Men" in [[Sindarin]] and [[Quenya]] respectively.<ref>{{MR|P4k}}, p. 349 (cf. p. 306)</ref> A variant for ''Atandil'' was ''Firindil''.<ref>{{VT|41c}}, p. 14</ref>

==Genealogy==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree| MIR |y|~|~|~|~|~|~| FIN |y| IND | | | | | | | | OLW | | | | | | | |MIR=[[Míriel]] ''d. {{YT|1170}}''|FIN=[[Finwë]] ''d. {{YT|1495}}''|IND=[[Indis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|OLW=[[Olwë]] ''b. {{YT}}''}}
{{familytree| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | FEA | | FDS | | FNG | | IRM | | FRF |y| EAW | | SON | | | | | |FEA=[[Fëanor]] ''{{YT|1169}} - {{YT|1497|n}}''|FDS=[[Findis]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FNG=[[Fingolfin]] ''{{YT|1190}} - {{FA|456}}''|IRM=[[Írimë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|FRF=[[Finarfin]] ''b. {{YT|1230}}''|EAW=[[Eärwen]] ''b. {{YT}}''|SON=''unknown sons''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|v|-|-|.| | | | | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | FRD | | ANG |y| ELD | | AEG | | GAL |y| CEL | |FRD='''FINROD''' ''{{YT|1300}} - {{FA|465}}''|ANG=[[Angrod]] ''d. {{FA|455}}''|AEG=[[Aegnor]] ''d. {{FA|455}}''|GAL=[[Galadriel]] ''b. {{YT|1362}}''|ELD=[[Eldalótë]] ''b. {{YT}}''|CEL=[[Celeborn]] ''b. {{FA}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ORO | | | | | | ELR |y| CLB | | | |ORO=[[Orodreth]] ''d. {{FA|495}}''|CLB=[[Celebrían]] ''b. {{SA}}''|ELR=[[Elrond]] ''b. {{FA|532}}''}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | |}}
{{familytree| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FIL | | GIL | | ELL | | ELO | | ARW | |GIL=[[Gil-galad]] ''d. {{SA|3441}}''|FIL=[[Finduilas]][[Finduilas#Notes|NB]] ''{{FA|272}} - {{FA|495|n}}''|ELL=[[Elladan]] ''b. {{TA|130}}''|ELO=[[Elrohir]] ''b. {{TA|130}}''|ARW=[[Arwen]] ''{{TA|241}} - {{FoA|121}}''}}
{{familytree/end}}

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In earlier versions of the Middle-earth myths, and when ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' was published, the name '''Finrod''' was given to the character later known as [[Finarfin]]. Finrod Felagund was then named '''[[Inglor Felagund]]'''. However, that changed in later drafts, and the character who had the name [[Gildor Inglorion]], in ''The Lord of the Rings'', was unrelated to Finrod despite having a name that means Gildor son of Inglor. Finrod was childless and unmarried during the events of ''The Silmarillion'' because his lover, Amarië, remained in Valinor.<ref>{{S|15}}</ref>

In one note, while defining the term ''[[vanwa]]'', [[Tolkien]] considered that Felagund, like [[Míriel]], chose ''not'' to return to life because of a special will of their own.<ref>{{PE|Eldarin}}</ref>{{rp|143}}

In the published ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', Orodreth is Finrod's brother: this was an editorial decision by [[Christopher Tolkien]] and an admitted mistake. Orodreth was actually the son of Angrod and thus Finrod's nephew.

==Portrayal in adaptations==
[[File:The Rings of Power (TV series) - Finrod.jpg|thumb|[[Will Fletcher]] as Finrod in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]]'']]

===Television===
'''2022: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]]'', Season One:'''
:'''Episode 1: ''[[A Shadow of the Past]]'':''' [[Galadriel]] recalls a memory of her brother during her childhood at the time of the [[Years of the Trees]]. In the memory, after some Elf children bully her and sink her paper swan ship, she attempts to attack one of them. However, Finrod (portrayed by [[Will Fletcher]]) shows up just in time to prevent her from doing any harm.
:Not long after, Finrod is seen talking to Galadriel beneath a tree, where it is revealed that Galadriel had made the ship just as Finrod had taught her. Finrod then asks her if she knows why ships float while stones cannot, and tells her, after a moment of silence, that stones look downwards towards the irresistible darkness of water while ships look upwards towards the light, fighting against the darkness of water, whispering on things it would not know. Galadriel questions Finrod, saying that "light in the sky" is sometimes reflected brightly on the surface of water and that it is hard to know which light to follow. Upon thinking, Finrod whispers to her: "''Sometimes we cannot know until we have touched the darkness''". To this, Galadriel ponders that it sounds simple and Finrod tells her that many things are, but she must decide them for herself as he will not always be there to help.
:Not elaborating on this further, Finrod stands up and tells her that their parents are waiting for them, before walking over a hill to reveal the [[Two Trees]]. This exchange, as well as the philosophy which Finrod imparts to Galadriel in it were created for the series because none of this dialogue nor the attitudes it attributes to Finrod are found within any Tolkien's writings. Later in Galadriel's recollections, Finrod is seen in a battle shouting phrases in [[Quenya]]: "''Valaron kalanen''" ("By the [[Light of Valinor|light]] of the [[Valar]]!") and "''Firuvantë''" ("[[Orcs|They]] will die!"). Galadriel mentions that he vowed to destroy [[Sauron]], [[Morgoth|Morgoth's]] sorcerer and lieutenant. Yet Sauron found and defeated Finrod first, marking his corpse with a red symbol, which not even the wisest [[Elves]] could decipher, causing Galadriel to take up her brother's vow and dagger for herself.
:None of Galadriel's other brothers are mentioned in the series, and although no specific date is given, the timing and manner of Finrod's death are changed from what is recorded in Tolkien's writings. Finrod is said to have not died until after Morgoth's defeat, meaning that, in Amazon's continuity, Finrod survives the entirety of the First Age into the Second instead of having died in approximately year 465 of the First Age saving Beren.
:The series does allude to Finrod being killed by wolves with the claw marks on his body, though Galadriel's monologue establishes that it was Sauron who slew him with no mention of werewolves or Beren. This would have been at a a time long after Beren's quest for a Silmaril led him to Nargothrond, seeking Finrod's aid.
:'''Episode 8: ''[[Alloyed]]'':'''
:This Episode features a bizarre scene in which [[Halbrand]] enters [[Galadriel|Galadriel's]] mind beside the [[Glanduin]] in Eregion to try to prove to her that he truly desired to redeem himself and heal [[Middle-earth]] of evil, by appearing in the guise of Finrod as she remembered him. Nevertheless, Galadriel refuses to believe that he is redeemable and Halbrand is thrust from her mind and flees [[Eregion]] to the [[Mordor|Southlands]]
:[[Amazon Studios]]'s rights to Finrod's character were limited to his mention in the ''[[Appendices]]'', so the series made significant changes and additions to his story, including showing him taking [[Oath of Fëanor|an oath against Morgoth]] before he left Valinor, and his death at the hands of Sauron, which inspires Galadriel's revenge. It is worth noting that Finrod's death saving Beren is mentioned in ''Appendix B: The Tale of Years'', and so Amazon could have used that material, but still opted to change it to have him dying in pursuit of Sauron.<ref name=":0" /> Finrod's original personality was particularly wise, very respectful and reverent towards the Valar, rather than as a rebel who advises people to "touch the darkness".

{{references|notes}}

{{seq-start}}
{{seq-head
|race=noldor
|house=[[House of Finarfin]] Cadet branch of the [[House of Finwë]]
|born={{YT|1300}}
|died={{FA|465}}
}}
{{seq
|pvac=None
|prev=Title established
|list=1st [[King of Nargothrond]]
|dates={{FA|102}} – {{FA|465|n}}
|next=[[Orodreth]]
}}
{{seq-end}}

[[Category:Calaquendi]]
[[Category:Characters in The Silmarillion]]
[[Category:First Age characters]]
[[Category:House of Finarfin]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Noldorin names]]
[[Category:Rulers in Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]
[[de:Finrod]]
[[fi:Finrod]]
[[fr:encyclo/personnages/elfes/noldor/finrod]]

Mouths of Sirion

2025-11-27T22:06:46Z

Airyn: Adding Siriombar

{{location infobox
| name=Mouths of Sirion
| image=Alan Lee - The delta of the River Sirion.png
| caption="The delta of the River Sirion" by [[Alan Lee]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Havens of Sirion, [[Lisgardh]], Havens of the Ships,<ref>{{CH|8}}, p. 142</ref> Sirion's Haven,<ref name="CG">{{UT|6}}</ref> Siriombar<ref>{{LR|A2}}, p. 407</ref>
| location=North-east corner of the [[Bay of Balar]]
| type=River delta
| description=Marshy region with a forest of reeds
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Falathrim]], [[Exiles of Gondolin]] and other refugees from Mannish and Elven realms
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Third Kinslaying]]
}}

The '''Mouths of Sirion''' was the great delta where the [[Sirion]], the main river of [[Beleriand]], emptied into the sea, in the north-east corner of the [[Bay of Balar]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> The land about the mouths was named ''[[Lisgardh]]'';<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}</ref> it was a region of reeds dense as a forest.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

==History==
Between {{YT|1090}} and {{YT|1092|n}} the [[Valar]] assailed [[Morgoth]] in [[Middle-earth]].<ref>{{MR|P2e}}, §48</ref> In the upheavals of that time the Sirion was created and its waters first flowed into the Bay of Balar, creating the Mouths of Sirion.<ref>{{S|Captivity}}</ref>

During the years of Morgoth's captivity the [[Sindar]] spread across [[Beleriand]] and [[Círdan]] with his mariners explored the coasts.<ref>{{S|Sindar}}</ref> Doubtless they knew of the place where Sirion met [[Belegaer|the Great Sea]], but no secret refuge was hidden in the reeds until much later, in {{FA|473}},<ref>{{GA|257}}</ref> the year after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]. That was when [[Brithombar]] and [[Eglarest]] were destroyed by Morgoth's forces and Círdan with the remnants of his people fled to the [[Isle of Balar]] or to the Mouths of Sirion where they established the secret havens.<ref name="Fifth"/>

In {{FA|506}}<ref name="Years">{{WJ|Years}}</ref> the [[Second Kinslaying]] occurred. [[Doriath]] was destroyed and those few who escaped, including [[Elwing]], fled to the Havens of Sirion.<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref> In {{FA|510}} [[Gondolin]] fell and by the next year<ref name="Years"/> refugees from that kingdom, including [[Idril]] and [[Tuor]], came to the Havens.<ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> [[Drúedain]] refugees from the fall of the [[Haladin]] came also to the Mouths of Sirion, reduced to a small number of families of mainly women and children.<ref>{{UT|Druedain}}</ref>

[[Eärendil]] wedded Elwing in {{FA|525}}<ref name="Years"/> and he was accounted the lord of those living in the Havens of Sirion. Eärendil became a friend of Círdan and with his aid built his ship [[Vingilot]], in which he sailed west but was unable to reach [[Valinor]].<ref name="Earendil">{{S|Earendil}}</ref> Having learned of the survival of [[Elwing]] and [[Eärendil]], [[Maedhros]] mustered a troupe to retrieve the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] that had been [[Fëanor|his father's]]. While Earendil was away in {{FA|538}}<ref name="Years"/> the sons of [[Fëanor]] attacked and though the forces of the remaining [[Sons of Fëanor]] were not very large, they ravaged the Havens and slaughtered most of the people. They could not find the Silmaril or Elwing, who went into the [[Belegaer|Sea]] with it, and Círdan and [[Gil-galad]] were too late to do anything. Elwing's sons, [[Elros]] and [[Elrond]], had been found by [[Maglor]], who raised them out of pity and remorse. Those few who escaped this [[Third Kinslaying]] went to the Isle of Balar in the ships of Círdan and [[Gil-galad]]. From that time on the Havens were in ruins and deserted.<ref name="Earendil"/>

The chief army of the Valar landed at the Mouths of Sirion during the [[War of Wrath]]. By the end of the War, most of the survivors of Beleriand gathered at the Mouths and the Isle of Balar, and many of them went to [[Lindon]] until the Elves were summoned to Valinor.

== Other versions of the legendarium ==

In the text ''The List of Names'' written during the 1930s, the Mouths of Sirion was called ''Eges-sirion''<ref>{{LR|A2}}, p. 407</ref>, and this was changed subsequently to ''Eges-hirion''. In the same text, Sirion's Haven was called ''Siriombar''<ref>{{LR|A2}}, p. 407</ref>, and this name does not appear anywhere else.

{{references}}
{{kinslayings}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Elven realms]]

[[de:Mündungen des Sirion]]
[[fi:Sirionin Suu]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:eaux:beleriand:bouches du sirion]]

Mouths of Sirion

2025-11-27T22:02:07Z

Airyn: Adding the names : Eges-sirion > Eges-girion

{{location infobox
| name=Mouths of Sirion
| image=Alan Lee - The delta of the River Sirion.png
| caption="The delta of the River Sirion" by [[Alan Lee]]
| pronun=
| othernames=Havens of Sirion, [[Lisgardh]], Havens of the Ships,<ref>{{CH|8}}, p. 142</ref> Sirion's Haven,<ref name="CG">{{UT|6}}</ref> Siriombar<ref>{{LR|A2}}, p. 407</ref>
| location=North-east corner of the [[Bay of Balar]]
| type=River delta
| description=Marshy region with a forest of reeds
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Falathrim]], [[Exiles of Gondolin]] and other refugees from Mannish and Elven realms
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Third Kinslaying]]
}}

The '''Mouths of Sirion''' was the great delta where the [[Sirion]], the main river of [[Beleriand]], emptied into the sea, in the north-east corner of the [[Bay of Balar]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> The land about the mouths was named ''[[Lisgardh]]'';<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}</ref> it was a region of reeds dense as a forest.<ref name="Fifth">{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

==History==
Between {{YT|1090}} and {{YT|1092|n}} the [[Valar]] assailed [[Morgoth]] in [[Middle-earth]].<ref>{{MR|P2e}}, §48</ref> In the upheavals of that time the Sirion was created and its waters first flowed into the Bay of Balar, creating the Mouths of Sirion.<ref>{{S|Captivity}}</ref>

During the years of Morgoth's captivity the [[Sindar]] spread across [[Beleriand]] and [[Círdan]] with his mariners explored the coasts.<ref>{{S|Sindar}}</ref> Doubtless they knew of the place where Sirion met [[Belegaer|the Great Sea]], but no secret refuge was hidden in the reeds until much later, in {{FA|473}},<ref>{{GA|257}}</ref> the year after the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad]]. That was when [[Brithombar]] and [[Eglarest]] were destroyed by Morgoth's forces and Círdan with the remnants of his people fled to the [[Isle of Balar]] or to the Mouths of Sirion where they established the secret havens.<ref name="Fifth"/>

In {{FA|506}}<ref name="Years">{{WJ|Years}}</ref> the [[Second Kinslaying]] occurred. [[Doriath]] was destroyed and those few who escaped, including [[Elwing]], fled to the Havens of Sirion.<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref> In {{FA|510}} [[Gondolin]] fell and by the next year<ref name="Years"/> refugees from that kingdom, including [[Idril]] and [[Tuor]], came to the Havens.<ref>{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> [[Drúedain]] refugees from the fall of the [[Haladin]] came also to the Mouths of Sirion, reduced to a small number of families of mainly women and children.<ref>{{UT|Druedain}}</ref>

[[Eärendil]] wedded Elwing in {{FA|525}}<ref name="Years"/> and he was accounted the lord of those living in the Havens of Sirion. Eärendil became a friend of Círdan and with his aid built his ship [[Vingilot]], in which he sailed west but was unable to reach [[Valinor]].<ref name="Earendil">{{S|Earendil}}</ref> Having learned of the survival of [[Elwing]] and [[Eärendil]], [[Maedhros]] mustered a troupe to retrieve the [[Silmarils|Silmaril]] that had been [[Fëanor|his father's]]. While Earendil was away in {{FA|538}}<ref name="Years"/> the sons of [[Fëanor]] attacked and though the forces of the remaining [[Sons of Fëanor]] were not very large, they ravaged the Havens and slaughtered most of the people. They could not find the Silmaril or Elwing, who went into the [[Belegaer|Sea]] with it, and Círdan and [[Gil-galad]] were too late to do anything. Elwing's sons, [[Elros]] and [[Elrond]], had been found by [[Maglor]], who raised them out of pity and remorse. Those few who escaped this [[Third Kinslaying]] went to the Isle of Balar in the ships of Círdan and [[Gil-galad]]. From that time on the Havens were in ruins and deserted.<ref name="Earendil"/>

The chief army of the Valar landed at the Mouths of Sirion during the [[War of Wrath]]. By the end of the War, most of the survivors of Beleriand gathered at the Mouths and the Isle of Balar, and many of them went to [[Lindon]] until the Elves were summoned to Valinor.

== Other versions of the legendarium ==

In the text ''The List of Names'' written during the 1930s, the Mouths of Sirion was called ''Eges-sirion''<ref>{{LR|A2}}, p. 407</ref>, and this was changed subsequently to ''Eges-hirion''.

{{references}}
{{kinslayings}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Elven realms]]

[[de:Mündungen des Sirion]]
[[fi:Sirionin Suu]]
[[fr:encyclo:geographie:eaux:beleriand:bouches du sirion]]

Taras-ness

2025-11-19T15:12:36Z

Airyn: Adding an explanation for the suffix "-ness"

'''Taras-ness''' was the headland of [[Mount Taras]], on the shores of the land of [[Nevrast]], where [[Turgon]] had his original citadel of [[Vinyamar]].<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}</ref>

In place names, the suffix -ness comes from the Old English ''næss'' (or ''ness'') and means "cape", "promontory", or "land jutting out into the sea"<ref>“Ness.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ness. Accessed 19 Nov. 2025.</ref>.

{{References}}

[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[de:Taras-ness]]
[[fi:Taras-ness]]

The Atlas of Middle-earth

2025-11-17T09:19:50Z

Airyn: Adding the excellent reference (in english !) of Didier Willis (2025)

{{book
|title=The Atlas of Middle-Earth
| image = The Atlas of Middle-earth.jpg
|author=[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]]
|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]
|date=[[29 May]] [[1981]] 1991 (revised edition)
|format=Paperback
|pages=210
|noisbn=0395286654 (1981 first edition)
0395535166 (1991 revised edition)
0618126996 (2001 reprint, pictured)
}}

'''''The Atlas of Middle-earth''''' by [[Karen Wynn Fonstad]] is an atlas of various lands in [[Arda]]. It includes specific maps for ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit]]'', for which it is intended as a reading companion.

==Contents==
The maps are treated as if they are of real landscapes, and are drawn according to the same rules that a real atlas is drawn: for each area the history of the land is taken into account, as well as geography on a larger scale and from there maps are drawn. Discussion includes suggestions as to the geology that could explain various formations, and points that are contradictory between multiple accounts.

City maps and floor plans for important buildings are also included; these are very often useful for making sense of the narratives, especially in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. As well, many battles such as [[Battles of Beleriand|those]] of [[Beleriand]], the [[Last Alliance]] and the [[War of the Ring]] are illustrated.

The book was published in [[1981]], but in [[1991]] a revised and updated version was published, which took information from ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'' into account. In [[2001]], the publishers issued a reprint of the 1991 revised edition with a new cover (pictured) but identical contents.

Fonstad also made a bold attempt to fill the gaps by using early conceptual work, mainly from ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' and the ''[[Ambarkanta]]'', combining the later known maps with the sketches used by Tolkien to provide "world maps" of [[Arda]] in its entirety and show [[Aman]], [[Beleriand]]'s position relative to [[Eriador]], and the place of [[Númenor]] in the Sea.

It was, however, published before the final three volumes of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', and thus some maps are based on [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s early works, which were revised in later writings.

==Errors and criticism==
Despite being a thoroughly researched and well-respected reference book, the ''Atlas'' is known to contain several errors. However, a number of these were corrected in the revised edition, as noted below.

===Inconsistencies with earlier publications===
*Page 13: Nogrod is shown north of Belegost, and both south of Mount Dolmed. ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' states that Belegost was "to the north of the great height of Mount Dolmed" and that Nogrod was the more southerly of the two.<ref>{{S|10}}</ref>
*Pages 39 and 88: On both pages, [[Drúwaith Iaur]] is shown north of the [[Ered Nimrais]] and south of the [[Angren]], and on page 39 extending east below the [[Adorn]]. In the Unfinished Tales map, Drúwaith Iaur is in the narrow area between the ocean and the southern Ered Nimrais, south of the mouth of the [[Angren]].<ref>{{UT|Index}}, "Map"</ref>
*Page 71: [[Hardbottle]] is shown in the [[Southfarthing]] rather than the [[Northfarthing]].<ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, p. 771</ref> Sackville, shown in the Southfarthing, is entirely invented (compare the [[Sackville Family]]).
*Page 89: [[Tarnost]] is shown as a city separate from [[Ethring]] though it may be a discarded name for the latter from early drafts.<ref>{{HM|AoL}}, p. 139</ref>
*Pages 92 and 93: [[Lithlad]] is shown in the south of [[Mordor]] rather than the northeast.
*Page 99: It is written that Bilbo gave the Arkenstone to the Elvenking and Bard on 22 November, then Dáin arrived in the early morning on 23 November. In ''The Hobbit'', [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] gave away the [[Arkenstone]] and then returned before midnight to wake up Bombur.<ref>{{H|Thief}}</ref> The next day, there was a new parley, it was revealed that the Elves and Men had the Arkenstone, and [[Thorin]] expelled Bilbo from the [[Lonely Mountain]]. On the ''next'' morning, Dáin arrived.<ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref> Fonstad's timeline has Dáin arrive in one day, while the text of ''The Hobbit'' has him arrive in two days. Either Dáin must have arrived on 24 November or Bilbo must have handed over the Arkenstone late on 21 November.
*Page 106: In ''The Hobbit'', when the Dwarves saw a fire off in the woods, "The light was ahead of them and to the ''left'' of the path".<ref>{{H|Flies}}</ref> In Fonstad's map, the Dwarves left the path to the right. ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 125: [[Combe]] is shown laying to the northwest of [[Staddle]] on the east side of the [[Bree-hill]], while in fact Combe should lie a little east of Staddle's location.<ref>{{FR|Sign}}</ref>

===Inconsistencies with later publications===
Both the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'' were written before the final three volumes of [[The History of Middle-earth]] were published, so at certain points it is contradicted by this later material. [[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]], which was published between the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'', is not taken into account in the revision.
*Page viii: [[Middle-earth]] dominates much of the northern hemisphere of [[Arda]] [[Changing of the World|made round]], with [[Forochel]] being high in the polar regions of the world and [[Umbar]] laying more than halfway southward between the northern pole and the [[Girdle of Arda|equator]].
**In [[Letter 294]], Tolkien confirms that [[Hobbiton]] is intended to be at the latitude of [[wikipedia:Oxford|Oxford]], with [[Minas Tirith]] 600 miles south being near to the latitude of [[wikipedia:Florence|Florence]]. With this information, it is clear that Middle-earth would be hardly as large as it appears on the ''Atlas'' map of a round Arda.
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Sea of Helcar]] is seen to cover the area of future [[Mordor]], [[Khand]], and [[Rhûn]], and the [[Sea of Rhûn]] and [[Sea of Núrnen]] are shown as its remnants.
**In ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', there are references to the Sea of Rhûn existing in the [[First Age]], as well as the forest to its northeast and the hills to its southwest, indicating that it must be separate from the Sea of Helcar.
*Pages 38 and 39: The western shores of [[Lindon]] and the [[Ethir Anduin]] are shown to exist in the [[Second Age]] of the world as they did in the [[Third Age]].
**''The Peoples of Middle-earth'' tells that during the [[Akallabêth|Downfall of Númenor]], Lindon lost much land to the advancing shores, while the eastern and southern portions of the [[Bay of Belfalas]] retreated back, putting the city of [[Pelargir]], which had been only a few miles from the coast, much farther inland.
* The [[Little Lune]] river appears on many maps but is never labeled, because its name was first published in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]''.<ref>{{PM|Atani}} p.313</ref>

===Internal inconsistencies===
*Pages 12 and 53: [[Dorthonion]] and [[Himring]] are slightly above parallel J, but [[Tol Fuin]] and [[Himling]] are shown further north, above parallel I<ref>[[Didier Willis]], "On assembling maps from Beleriand to Rhûn", in ''On Cartography, maps & locations in Middle-earth – Selected essays'', ed. D. Willis, Le Dragon de Brume, 2024, p.108-109</ref>. This is not just a coordinate error, as the entire geography of the atlas is affected by this mistake.
*Pages 38 and 41: [[Belegost]] has been moved 150 miles further south than previously shown to the middle of the southern [[Blue Mountains]].
*Pages 53, 76, and 80: On page 53, [[Rhosgobel]] is located near the border of [[Mirkwood]] well ''south'' of the [[Old Forest Road]], due east of [[Moria]]. On pages 76 and 80, Rhosgobel is still at the edge of the forest, but ''north'' of the Old Forest Road. One or the other location should have been used, not both.
**In ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', it is stated that in December of [[TA|TA3019]], scouts "had climbed the pass at the source of the [[Gladden River]], and had come down into [[Rhovanion|Wilderland]] and over the [[Gladden Fields]] and so at length had reached the old home of [[Radagast]] at Rhosgobel", which supports the page 53 location.<ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref>
**In ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Christopher Tolkien]] states that Rhosgobel was "in the forest borders between the [[Carrock]] and the Old Forest Road".<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, Note 4</ref>
*Pages 89 and 210: In the map on p. 89, [[Tarnost]] is located in Q-34, but the "Index of Selected Place Names" on p. 210 places it at R-35.
*Pages 97 and 200: In the text of p. 97, Fonstad refers to the book ''[[Journeys of Frodo]]'' by Barbara Strachey, but there is no reference to this work in "Selected References" on pp. 200–201.
*Page 144: In the upper-right inset, the cleft of the brazen gate (which appears in the upper-left inset) is not depicted.
*Pages 205 and 209: The index entry "Grey Mountains" is a mix of references to the "[[Grey Mountains]]" (or Ered Mithrin, located at coordinates I-35) and the "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" (located at coordinates V/Zh-30). Additionally, the index entry "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" is incomplete. A more complete and accurate list of maps on which each set of Grey Mountains appear and are labeled is as follows (they appear unlabeled on many more):
**Northern: pp. 53, 65, 76, 80
**Southern: pp. 2, 4, 38

===Typographical errors===
*Page 2: [[Mountains of the Wind|Mts. of the Wind]] is written as "Mts. of the World".
*Page 2: [[Sea of Ringil]] is written as "Sea of Ringol".
*Page 7: [[Ezellohar]] is written as "Ezollahar". [[Ilmarin]] is written as "Ilmaren". [[Tol Eressëa|Eressëa]] is written as "Erresëa". [[Hyarmentir]] is written as "Hyamentir".
*Pages 6 and 38: [[Avallónë]] is written as "Avalónnë" and "Avalonnë", respectively.
*Pages 7 and 38: [[Alqualondë]] is written as "Aqualondë" and "Aqualóndë", respectively.
*Page 13: [[Gabilgathol]] is written as "Gabilgathod".
*Page 53: [[Caras Galadhon]] is written as "Caras Galadon".
*Page 58 : River [[Lhûn|Lune]] is written "River Lûne".
*Page 71: [[Tuckborough]] is written as "Tuckburrow".
*Page 113: [[Bolg]] is written as "Borg".<ref name="Burst"/> ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 135: [[Methedras]] is written as "Mathedras".
*Page 139: "[[Fen Hollen]]" is written "Fen Hollin".
*Page 148: [[Gamling|Gamling the Old]] is written as "Gambling the Old".
*Pages 189 and 190: [[Khuzdul]], the language of the [[Dwarves]], is labeled as "[[Khazâd]]".
*Page 204, index : "[[Eryn Vorn]]" is written "Eryn Vron".
*Page 204, index : "[[Annon-In-Gelydh]]" is written "Annon-In-Gadydh", at the entry "Gate of the Noldor".
*Page 205, index : "[[Glǽmscrafu]]" is written "Glumscrafu".
*Page 205, index : "[[Haerast]]" is written "Haerest".
*Page 207, index : the pages refering to [[Ringlo]] ("12, 21") are the same than [[Ringwil]], and therefore are incorrect.
*Page 208, index : "[[Southfarthing]]" is written "Sourth Farthing".
*Page 209, index : "Eredhithui", an earlier name of the [[Misty Mountains]], is written "Ered Hithui".
*Page 210, index : "Entish Dale" is written "Entish Dle", at the entry "[[Ettenmoors|Hoardale]]".
*Page 210, index : "[[Murmuran]]", the house of Lórien in Valinor, is written "Mumuran".
*Page 210, index : "[[Noman-lands|Uvanwaith]]" is written "Ovanwaith" and therefore misplaced in the index.

===Use of early sources===
Fonstad uses early names from the ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One|Book of Lost Tales]]'' era of Tolkien's development of the [[legendarium]] for some locations, particularly in [[Aman]] and [[Tol Eressëa]].

In [[Aman]], Fonstad identifies the place where [[Mandos]] delivered the [[Doom of the Noldor]] with the early name "[[Hanstovánen]]" rather than [[Araman]]. She also describes various dwellings of the [[Valar]] in [[Valinor]]. In the Second Age map of [[Tol Eressëa]], she uses the early names [[Tavrobel]] and [[Kortirion]], rather than the later names "Tathrobel" and "Cortirion" for the same places.<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}</ref> In the map of [[Gondolin]], she identifies several landmarks that are only said to exist in the earliest works.

Incorporation of these names and places on equal footing with those from later in the legendarium's evolution is questionable, but Fonstad seems to have been aware of the potential issues and explicitly notes in the accompanying text the speculative nature of the maps of the Undying Lands.

===="Dor Daidelos"====
One clear error relating to use of early materials appears on the maps of the far north of Beleriand in the First Age printed on pages 4, 5, and 15. In the ''Atlas'', the lands at the foot of [[Thangorodrim]] are labeled "[[Dor Daedeloth]] (Land of Shadow Horror)" on various maps, while the wide region north of the [[Ered Engrin]] is labeled "Dor Daidelos (Region of Everlasting Cold)" (the p. 15 map uses "Regions" plural).

However, the published ''Silmarillion'' uses "Dor Daedeloth" (Land of the Shadow of Horror) as the name for the northern lands under the control of Morgoth without distinguishing the regions north and south of the mountains.<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry "Dor Daedeloth"</ref> The name "Daidelos" for the lands north of the Ered Engrin was used only on Ambarkanta Map V; in other draft material this was changed or corrected variously to "Dor-na-Dhaideloth ('Sky-roof')," "Daideloth ('High plain')," "Dor-Daidelos," "Dor-Daedeloth," and, ultimately, "Dor Daedeloth" as it appears in the published ''Silmarillion''.<ref>{{SM|Index}}, entry "Dor-Daideloth"</ref> It seems clear from this documented evolutionary process that Tolkien intended "Dor Daedeloth" to be equivalent to, and a replacement of, the earlier term "Daidelos," not for the two to be separate coexisting regions.

As such, the label "Dor Daidelos" is in error in three ways: First, the lands north of the Ered Engrin should share the name "Dor Daedeloth" with the lands in the shadow of Thangorodrim to the south. Second, the spelling "Dor Daidelos," unhyphenated, never appears in any primary source material. Third, the translation "Region(s) of Everlasting Cold" is entirely unattested and appears to be Fonstad's own invention.

== Translated editions ==
* ''Atlas de la Tierra Media'' (Spanish), editor Timun Mas Narrativa, 1993.
* ''L'atlante della Terra-di-mezzo di Tolkien'' (Italian), editor Rusconi Libri, 1997, translated by Isabella Murro.
* ''Atlas Středozemě'' (Czech), editor Mladá fronta, 1998, translated by Stanislava Pošustová-Menšíková.
* ''Historischer Atlas von Mittelerde'' (German), editor Klett-Cotta, translated by Hans J. Schütz. The first german edition was published in 2001.
* ''Atlas Śródziemia'' (Polish), editor Wydawnictwo Amber, 2016, translated by Tadeusz Andrzej Olszański.
* ''Középfölde atlasza'' (Hungarian), editor Cicero, 2017, translated by Gabriella Buki, Tamás Füzessy, and Balázs Tallian.
* ''O Atlas da Terra-média'' (Portuguese), HarperCollins Brasil, 2022, translated by Cristina Casagrande.
* ''L'Atlas de la Terre du Milieu'' (French), Bragelonne, 2022, translated by Daniel Lauzon. All the maps were redrawn by the freelance illustrator Stéphane Arson in a similar style than Fonstad but modernized.
* A Japanese edition was published in 2002.

== External links ==
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?913898 List] of English-language versions of the first edition
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?468211 List] of English-language versions of the revised edition
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/karen_wynn_fonstad_-_atlas_terre_du_milieu Webpage] about the ''Atlas'' on Tolkiendil.com (French language)
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/critiques/atlas_fonstad_premiere_edition Webpage] on the first edition on Tolkiendil.com (French language)

{{References}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlas of Middle-earth, The}}
{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Map books]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

Blue Mountains

2025-11-03T08:27:19Z

Airyn: Adding name "Moutains of Ossiriand"

{{sources}}
{{location infobox
| name=Blue Mountains
| image=Rob Alexander - Blue Mountain Dwarf Hold.jpg
| caption="Blue Mountain Dwarf Hold" by Rob Alexander
| pronun=
| othernames=Ered Luin, Ered Lindon, Western Mountains, Mountains of Lune, Moutains of Ossiriand<ref>{{WJ|11}},p. 193</ref>
| location=Between [[Ossiriand]]/[[Lindon]] and [[Eriador]]
| type=Mountain range
| description=Boundary between [[Eriador]] and [[Lindon]] with [[Dwarf realms]]
| regions=
| towns=[[Nogrod]] [[Belegost]] [[Thorin's Halls]] Newer halls in the Southern chain
| inhabitants=[[Broadbeams]] [[Firebeards]] Later [[Longbeards]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
| gallery=the Blue Mountains
}}
The '''Blue Mountains''' ([[Sindarin|S.]] '''''Ered Luin'''''), also known as '''''Ered Lindon''''' or '''''Mountains of Lune''''', was the mountain range at the far west of [[Eriador]] and far east of [[Beleriand]].

== History ==
=== Early history ===
In the early days of [[Arda]] after the fall of the [[Two Lamps]], the Blue Mountains were formed as the [[Valar]] widened the [[Belegaer|Great Sea]] and thrust [[Middle-earth]] eastward to protect [[Valinor]].<ref>{{SM|5b}}, pp. 238-239</ref> The Blue Mountains lined up with the [[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains of the southlands]], forming the western wall of [[Arda]]. These two ranges lay parallel to the [[Orocarni|Red Mountains]] in the northeast and [[Yellow Mountains]] in the southeast that formed the eastern wall. At their northern end, a narrow gap separated the Blue Mountains from the [[Iron Mountains]], which stretched across the entire north of Middle-earth.<ref>{{SM|4a}}</ref>

Sometime during the [[Years of the Trees]] two [[Fathers of the Dwarves|Dwarven Fathers]] awoke under [[Dolmed|Mount Dolmed]] and founded the two westernmost houses of the [[Dwarves]] (the [[Firebeards]] and [[Broadbeams]]). They subsequently built two great city-states, [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]].

In the [[First Age]], the Blue Mountains were an unbroken line separating Eriador from Beleriand. Seven rivers flowed from its western side, and the land these rivers flowed through was known as [[Ossiriand]]. Later, when the [[Green-elves]] settled there, the land was called [[Lindon]], and the mountains sometimes referred to as the ''Ered Lindon''.
Wandering Elves would also hunt in the Blue Mountains.<ref>{{S|10}}</ref>

The Blue Mountains were ruined during the [[War of Wrath]] at the end of the First Age, and in the south central end of the range the sea broke through. The [[Lhûn|River Lhûn]] now flowed through the mountains to the [[Gulf of Lune]]. On the western side a small section of Lindon remained, and here the retreating [[Elves]] built the kingdom of [[Lindon]], ruled by [[Gil-galad|Ereinion Gil-galad]], last [[High King of the Noldor]].<ref>{{S|Rings}}</ref>

The Dwarven cities of Nogrod and Belegost were also ruined when the mountains were broken, causing most of the Dwarves to migrate east to [[Moria|Khazad-dûm]], leaving a remnant behind. However, there remained some Dwarves on the eastern side of the Blue Mountains in days afterwards.<ref>{{UT|Concerning}}</ref>

=== Third Age ===
By the Third Age, Dwarves dwelt in the east side of the Blue Mountains, especially in the parts south of the [[Gulf of Lhun]].<ref name="Eriador">{{App|Eriador}}</ref>

In {{TA|1974}}, fleeing the fall of [[Fornost Erain]], [[Arvedui]] briefly hid in old dwarven mines in the far north of the Blue Mountains.<ref name="Eriador">{{App|Eriador}}</ref>

It also became the new home for many of [[Durin's Folk]] who were exiled from their halls in [[Lonely Mountain|Erebor]] by [[Smaug]] the [[Dragons|Dragon]] who had [[Sack of Erebor|driven them out]]. After the [[War of the Dwarves and Orcs]], King [[Thráin|Thráin II]] established his throne in the Southern range beyond [[the Shire]] ({{TA|2802}})<ref>{{App|TA}}</ref> and later his son [[Thorin]] ruled after he went missing. During Thorin's reign, many of the wandering Longbeards joined him in [[Thorin's Halls|his halls]] and they became prosperous in a fashion. However, Erebor was retaken from Smaug by Thorin and company in {{TA|2941}}, and it can be assumed most if not all of Durin's folk relocated there.

However the dwarf-mines remained active even by the [[Fourth Age]].<ref name="Eriador">{{App|Eriador}}</ref>

==Etymology==
{{Pronounce|Ered Luin.mp3|Ardamir}}
''Ered Luin'' is a [[Sindarin]] name, which means "Blue Mountains".<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry S '''Lhûn''', p. 136</ref>
It consists of ''[[ered]]'' ("mountains")<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry S '''Ered''', p. 33</ref> and ''[[luin]]'' ("blue").<ref>{{PE|17}}, entry Q '''luinĭ''', p. 66</ref>

==Other names==
Other names were '''Ered Lindon''' ("Mountains of Lindon")<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry ''Ered Lindon''</ref> and the [[Westron]] name '''Mountains of Lune'''.<ref>{{FR|Hobbits}}, p. 4</ref><ref>{{TT|Treebeard}}, p. 468</ref>

The ''[[Etymologies]]'' show [[Noldorin]] alternative names, ''Lhúnorodrim'' and ''Lhúndirien'' ("Blue Towers"), and also the Middle [[Quenya]] ''Lúnoronti'',<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, p. 370</ref> which is first used in a passage of the [[The Fall of Númenor (chapter)#The further development of The Fall of Númenor|further development of The Fall of Númenor]].<ref>{{LR|P1II4}}, p. 30</ref>

In [[Ælfwine]]'s [[Old English]] translations, the Blue Mountains are named ''Hǽwengebeorg''.<ref>{{SM|7An}}, p. 341</ref>

In the Second Age the Men of Middle-earth called Ered Luin the '''Western Mountains'''.<ref>{{UT|4a}}</ref>

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''2006: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth II]]'':'''
:The Blue Mountains are featured as a location of a fight between Dwarves and [[Drogoth]].
[[File:The Lord of the Rings Online - Ered Luin map.jpg|thumb|Map of Ered Luin from ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]''.]]

'''2007: ''[[The Lord of the Rings Online]]'':'''
:The Blue Mountains appear as the game's westernmost region, Ered Luin. Ered Luin is the beginner's region for four of the game's races: Elves, [[Calaquendi|High Elves]], Dwarves, and "[[Stout-axe]]" dwarves. The region's storyline is based around a conflict in the early stages of the [[War of the Ring]] between the allied Elves and Longbeards and a rogue group of Dwarves called the [[Dourhands]] and their allies, the "Blue Crag" [[Orcs|Goblins]].

:In addition to the dwarven capital at [[Thorin's Halls|Thorin's Hall]], Ered Luin also contains the city of "[[Gondamon]]" in the "Low Lands" of the region and the outpost of "Noglond" between the two cities. The Elven territory along the shore of the Lhûn is known as "Falathlorn", and contains the settlements "[[Duillond]]" and "[[Celondim]]". The dwarves' port city of "Kheledûl" remains under Dourhand control, as does "Sarnúr", a recently-unearthed ancient dwarven city. The fortress of "Orodost" and the blockaded pass to the [[Grey Havens]], "Rath Teraig", are occupied by goblins.

'''2011: ''[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]]'':'''
:Although the Blue Mountains do not appear in the game, they are mentioned by the Dwarf [[Grof]]. He tells the player that the Blue Mountains are prosperous, but that they lately find more iron than gold.<ref>[[The Lord of the Rings: War in the North]], ''Prologue''</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Eriador]]
[[Category:Lindon]]
[[Category:Mountain ranges]]
[[Category:Dwarven realms]]

[[de:Ered Luin]]
[[fi:Sinivuoret]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/reliefs/montagnes bleues]]

Pools of Ivrin

2025-11-01T09:25:53Z

Airyn: Adding "Falls" category (due to "Falls of Ivrin")

{{location infobox
| name=Pools of Ivrin
| image=Ted Nasmith - Túrin and Gwindor at the Pools of Ivrin.jpg
| caption="Túrin and Gwindor at the Pools of Ivrin" by [[Ted Nasmith]]
| pronun=
| othernames=''Eithel Ivrin'' ([[Sindarin|S]])
| location=Source of the [[Narog]], below the [[Ered Wethrin]] in [[West Beleriand]]
| type=Spring
| description=Beautiful springs of water
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Mereth Aderthad]] Healing of Túrin's madness
| gallery=the Pools of Ivrin
}}
'''Eithel Ivrin''', or '''Ivrin's Well''' was a fair pool in a stone basin carved by falling waters in the southern face of [[Dor-Lómin]] and beneath [[Ered Wethrin]]. The springs fed into the nearby '''Pools of Ivrin''' and the '''Falls of Ivrin''', and these features were sometimes collectively referred to as Ivrin.<ref name=bel>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

The pools themselves were surrounded by a tree-clad hollow<ref name="UTT">{{UT|Tuor}}</ref> and were the source of the River [[Narog]], which flowed from Ivrin some eighty leagues before it joined the River [[Sirion]].<ref name=bel/> The springs marked the eastern edge of the [[Nevrast|lands]] ruled by [[Turgon]] before he removed to [[Gondolin]].<ref name=bel/>

Ivrin was known as a place of healing and for the "endless laughter" of its falling waters, as described by [[Gwindor]] to [[Túrin]].<ref name="ST">{{S|Turin}}</ref>

==History==
According to Gwindor, [[Ulmo]], Lord of Waters, formed Eithel Ivrin and guarded over it.<ref name="ST"/>

After the rising of the Sun and the return of the [[Noldor]] to Middle-earth, King [[Fingolfin]] held the [[Mereth Aderthad]], the Feast of Reuniting, in the green and fair lands around the spring in {{FA|20}}.<ref>{{S|Return}}</ref> And [[Finduilas]], daughter of King [[Orodreth]], was called by Gwindor who loved her [[Faelivrin]], which is the gleam of the sun on the pools of Ivrin.<ref name="ST"/>
[[File:Ted Nasmith - Tuor and Voronwë See Túrin at the Pool of Ivrin.jpg|left|thumb|''Tuor and Voronwë See Túrin at the Pool of Ivrin'' by [[Ted Nasmith]]]]
When [[Finrod Felagund]] and [[Beren]] set out from [[Nargothrond]], they journeyed north beside [[Narog]] to its source in the Falls of Ivrin before continuing on to [[Tol Sirion]].<ref>{{S|Beren}}</ref>

After the death of his friend [[Beleg]], [[Túrin]] walked without purpose, but Gwindor brought him there and after drinking the waters of Ivrin, his tears were unloosed at last and he was healed of his madness and grief. It was beside the pools of Ivrin that he made the song ''[[Laer Cú Beleg]]'' before he and Gwindor followed the Narog south to [[Nargothrond]].<ref name="ST"/><ref>{{CH|9}}, p. 157</ref>

Years later, when [[Morgoth]] released the dragon [[Glaurung]] into [[Beleriand]], Glaurung defiled Eithel Ivrin,<ref name="ST"/> uprooting the trees and breaking the stone basin so that the waters strayed and the land became a barren marsh and a welter of frozen mire.<ref name="SG">{{S|Gondolin}}</ref><ref>{{CH|11}}, p. 176</ref>

After the overthrow of [[Nargothrond]], Túrin was bewitched by Glaurung and he travelled north to Dor-lómin seeking his mother and sister. He came with the first ice of winter to the pools of Ivrin but it was frozen and he was unable to drink and be healed by the waters a second time.<ref name="ST"/><ref>{{CH|12}}, p. 182</ref>

It was at this time that [[Tuor]] and Túrin cross paths for the first and only time, for Tuor and [[Voronwë]] passed by the defiled pools of Ivrin on their way to [[Gondolin]]. But neither cousin spoke and Túrin did not see Tuor, and Tuor did not recognize his kinsman.<ref name="UTT"/><ref name="SG"/>

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Lakes]]
[[Category:Springs and wells]]
[[Category:Falls]]
[[de:Eithel Ivrin]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/beleriand/ivrin]]
[[fi:Ivrin]]

Falls of Gelion

2025-11-01T09:17:56Z

Airyn: Creating page

{{location infobox
| name=Falls of Gelion
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=between Sarn Athrad and the junction of Gelion with Ascar
| type=Waterfall
| description=
| regions=[[Ossiriand]]
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
The [[Falls of Gelion]] were located below the last ford over Gelion, i.e. [[Sarn Athrad]], and above the junction with the river [[Ascar]]<ref>{{WJ|Maeglin}}, p.335</ref>. South of the Falls, river Gelion became more swift and large due to its five tributaries and was name Gabilān by the Dwarves<ref>{{WJ|Maeglin}}, p.335</ref>.

This location does not appear on the [[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]], nor in any map of the Beleriand.

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Falls]]

Dor Dínen

2025-10-31T16:13:22Z

Airyn: Adding the variant "Dor Dhínen" appearing in HoMe XI, p.333

{{location infobox
| name=Dor Dínen
| image=Matěj Čadil - Dor Dinen.jpg
| caption="Dor Dinen" by Matěj Čadil
| pronun=
| othernames=Silent Land
| location=Between the rivers [[Esgalduin]] and [[Aros]]; [[Doriath]] and [[Ered Gorgoroth]]
| type=Region
| description="Where nothing dwelt"
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Dor Dínen''', the '''Silent Land''', was a small, roughly triangular region to the east of [[Nan Dungortheb]] that lay between the upper courses of the rivers [[Esgalduin]] and [[Aros]]. It was crossed by a road passing from the stone bridge of [[Iant Iaur]] on Esgalduin to the ford of the [[Arossiach]] on Aros. Its southern edge met the forests of [[Doriath]]. The Arossiach led to the northern marches of [[Himlad]] to the east.<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref><ref>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Dor Dínen'' is [[Sindarin]] and comes from ''[[dor]]'' "land" and ''[[dínen]]'' "silent".<ref>{{webcite|author=Paul Strack|articleurl=https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-165049731.html|articlename=S. ''Dor Dínen''|dated=2022-05-15|website=[[Eldamo|Eldamo — An Elvish Lexicon]]|accessed=2022-07-31}}</ref>

== Earlier versions of the legendarium==
In a passage of the text ''Maeglin'' written in ''c.'' 1970, ''Dor Dínen'' was spelled '''''Dor Dhínen'''''<ref>{{WJ|III}}, p.333</ref>.
{{references}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dor Dinen}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Regions]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Dor Dínen]]
[[fi:Dor Dínen]]

Sarn Athrad

2025-10-31T10:34:33Z

Airyn: /* Other versions of the legendarium */

{{disambig-two|a ford in [[Beleriand]]|ford near [[the Shire]]|[[Sarn Ford]]}}
[[File:Alan Lee - Sarn Athrad.jpg|thumb|Sarn Athrad by [[Alan Lee]]]]
'''Sarn Athrad''' was the stony ford of the River [[Gelion]] across which the [[Dwarf-road of Beleriand|Dwarf-road]] from the [[Blue Mountains]] entered [[East Beleriand]].<ref>{{S|West}}</ref>

It was here that the [[Battle of Sarn Athrad]] took place between the [[Elves]] and [[Dwarves of Nogrod]].<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Sarn Athrad'' is [[Sindarin]] for "Ford of Stones"<ref name="silmindex">{{S|Index}}, entry "Sarn Athrad"</ref> or "Stony-ford",<ref name="RC">{{HM|RC}}, p. 163</ref><ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, p. 775</ref> from ''[[sarn]]'' ("small stone, pebble") + ''[[athrad]]'' ("ford, crossing").<ref>{{S|Appendix}}, entries ''[[sarn]]'', ''[[athrad]]''</ref>

== Other versions of the legendarium==
In ''[[The Book of Lost Tales]]'', this ford ('''''Sarnathrod''''') is crossing the river [[Aros]] south of Artanor ([[Doriath]]).<ref>[[J.R.R. Tolkien]], [[Christopher Tolkien]] (ed.) 1984: The History of Middle-earth, vol. 2, [[The Book of Lost Tales]], part two, p. 225 and 236.</ref> This is in agreement with [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]], where it is marked as '''''Athrasarn'' (Stony Ford)''', but later crossed out<ref>{{SM|4c}}, p.224</ref>.

On the Eastern extension of [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]], the ford is named '''''Sarn Athra'''''. It is located first south of the confluence of the Gelion and the Duilwen (later the Legolin river), but crossed out, and then relocated south of the confluence of Gelion and Ascar.

Finally on [[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]] '''''Sarn Athrad''''' is located not far north of the confluence of [[Gelion]] and Ascar rivers. However, the ''north road of Dwarves'' is crossing further north<ref>{{WJ|11}}, §50 p.189</ref>, through a ford identified as ''northern ford'' in contrast with ''Harathrad'' the "South Ford"<ref>{{WJ|Maeglin}}</ref> (see below).

In a late text dated to 1971, Tolkien wrote that the name ''Sarn Athrad'' must be changed to '''''Athrad i-Nogoth''''' [> '''''Negyth'''''] ("Ford of the Dwarves"), or '''''Athrad Dhaer''''' ("Great Ford").<ref>{{WJ|III}}, Note 9</ref> In ''[[The Nature of Middle-earth]]'', a related text has '''''Harathrad''''' ("Southern Ford") in addition to '''''Athrad Daer''''' <ref>{{NM|P3ix}}, Footnote 4, p. 311</ref>(these names were already revealed by Christopher Tolkien in ''The War of the Jewels'', p.335).

==Portrayal in adaptations==
'''1982-97: ''[[Middle-earth Role Playing]]'':'''
: Sarn Athrad (S. "Stony Ford") is an abandoned ford on what remains of the Gelion in Forlindon. It was replaced by [[Little Ford|Edenathrad]] (S. "New ford") a little north, and a small village has been constructed nearby.<ref>{{ICE|Lindon}}, "Lindon Gazetteer: Geleidhien"</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Fords]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[de:Sarn Athrad]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/ponts et gues/beleriand/sarn athrad]]
[[fi:Sarn Athrad]]

Arvernien

2025-10-27T12:24:40Z

Airyn: Modify mispelled "Arvenien" to "Arvernien"

{{location infobox
| name=Arvernien
| image=Christopher Tolkien - Bay of Balar.jpg
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=In [[Beleriand]], south of [[Narog]] and west of [[Sirion]]
| type=Region
| description=Coastal region of [[Bay of Balar|Balar]]
| regions=[[Cape Balar]], [[Nimbrethil]]
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Noldor]], [[Falathrim]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
{{quote|Eärendil was a mariner that tarried in Arvernien he built a boat of timber felled in Nimbrethil to journey in|''[[Eärendillinwë]]''}}

'''Arvernien''' was the coastland of [[Beleriand]] west of the [[Mouths of Sirion]]. It had the protection of [[Ulmo]].

==History==
Arvernien was originally an uninhabited land, known mainly for the forest of [[Nimbrethil]],<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry "Arvernien"</ref> but after the rout that became known as the [[Nirnaeth Arnoediad|Battle of Unnumbered Tears]] and the subsequent destruction of the Havens of [[Brithombar]] and [[Eglarest]], [[Círdan]] and [[Falathrim|his folk]] dwelt in this region. Though at first they lived on the [[Isle of Balar]], they later founded the [[Havens of Sirion]].<ref name="5B">{{S|Fifth}}</ref> The area became a known refuge, as when [[Gondolin]] [[Fall of Gondolin|fell]], many of the [[Gondolindrim]] fled southward too<ref name="Fall">{{S|Gondolin}}</ref> and those were followed by [[Iathrim|refugees]] from [[Doriath]].

The Havens were devastated by the [[Third Kinslaying]] when the remaining [[Sons of Fëanor]] came to claim the [[Nauglamír]] held by [[Eärendil]]. Following Eärendil's return from his journeys out at sea and the [[War of Wrath]] in which Morgoth was defeated, Beleriand, and Arvernien with it, was destroyed.<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Tolkien only ever gave an incomplete translation of the name ''Arvernien'': "(the land) beside the ''[[Verna]]''".<ref>{{PE|17}}, pp. 19, 71 (July [[2007]])</ref>

Except the core element ''Verna'', the name can be analyzed as prefix ''[[ar|ar-]]'' meaning "beside, without" (see also ''[[argad]]'') and the geographical ending ''[[-ien]]'' which translates as "land of". The meaning of ''Verna'' is, however, unclear.

Considering that the name was an invention of Tolkien's early legendarium, when Beleriand was still called ''Broseliand'', [[David Salo]] suggested the name might actually have been inspired by the French region of [[wikipedia:Auvergne|Auvergne]].<ref>{{webcite|author=[[David Salo]]|articleurl=https://tolkienlistsearch.herokuapp.com/message/5e9c35fb231bf7461a6c9781|articlename=Re: Verna?|dated=2007-12-04|website=[[Elfling]]|accessed=2022-09-22}}</ref>
{{references}}
{{navigation
| title=Arvernien
| north-west= [[Falas]]
| north= [[Narog]]
| north-east= [[Nan Tathren]]
| west= [[Belegaer]]
| east= [[Sirion]]
| south-west= [[Cape Balar]]
| south= [[Bay of Balar]]
| south-east= [[Mouths of Sirion]]
|}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Quenya locations]]
[[de:Arvernien]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/regions/beleriand/arvernien]]
[[fi:Arvernien]]

Taur-en-Faroth

2025-10-27T10:57:56Z

Airyn: Adding other names

{{location infobox
| name=Taur-en-Faroth
| image=Matěj Čadil - Taur-en-Faroth.jpg
| caption="Taur-en-Faroth" by [[Matěj Čadil]]
| pronun=
| othernames=High Faroth, Faroth
| location=[[West Beleriand]]
| type=Forest/Hills
| description=Wooded hills
| regions=
| towns=[[Nargothrond]]
| inhabitants=[[Petty-dwarves]], then [[Noldor]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Fall of Nargothrond]]
}}
'''Taur-en-Faroth''' was the range of wooded hills in [[West Beleriand]] that rose up above the western side of the River [[Narog]].<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref> They were part of the Realm of [[Nargothrond]].

The hills themselves were the western end of the [[Andram]]. It was among these hills that the stream of [[Ringwil]] rose and cascaded down into the main river.<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> In their steep eastern sides above the Narog, there was a network of caverns.<ref name="Return">{{S|Return}}</ref>

In ancient times, these Caverns of Narog, known as ''[[Nulukkizdîn]]'', had been home to [[Petty-dwarves]] who dwelt there in secret<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref> before the arrival of [[Finrod]]. What became of the Petty-Dwarves at this time is not recorded, but at least some escaped to dwell in [[Amon Rûdh]].<ref>{{CH|7}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The name is translated in full as "Forest of the Hunters", from [[Sindarin]] ''[[taur]]'' ("forest"), ''[[en]]'' ("of") and ''[[faroth]]'' (a word related to hunting).<ref name=Appendix>{{S|Appendix}}, entry ''faroth''</ref> It was also referred to as "the hunters’ wold";<ref>{{NM|P3vii}}</ref> the word "[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wold#Middle_English wold]", in Middle English, derives from a high land covered in forest.

These uplands were also called ''High Faroth''<ref name="Return"/><ref>{{S|14}}</ref> or ''Hills of the Hunters'' in the ''[[Lay of Leithian]]''.<ref name=Appendix />

==Other versions of the legendarium==
In ''[[The Etymologies]]'' an early [[Noldorin]] name ''Taur-na-Faras'' is given, translated as "Hill of the Hunters, Hunters' Wold".<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry "SPAR-"</ref>

It was also named ''Hills of the Hunters'' or ''Duil Rewinion'' (these two indications appear on the [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]]<ref>{{SM|4c}}, p.225</ref>), or ''Hunters' Wold''<ref>{{GA|75}}, p.116</ref>.

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Forests]]
[[Category:Hills]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Taur-en-Faroth]]
[[fi:Taur-en-Faroth]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/forets/beleriand/taur-en-faroth]]

Amon Rûdh

2025-10-27T10:26:25Z

Airyn: Adding earlier names

{{location infobox
| name=Amon Rûdh
| image=Ted Nasmith - Túrin and his Band are Led to Amon Rûdh.jpg
| caption="Túrin and his Band are Led to Amon Rûdh" by [[Ted Nasmith]]
| pronun={{respell|ah|mon}} {{respell|rooth}}
| othernames=''Sharbhund'' ([[Khuzdul|K]]), Bald Hill
| location=South of the [[Teiglin]]; [[Dor-Cúarthol]]
| type=Hill
| description=Tall, steep hill topped with red [[seregon]]
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Petty-dwarves]], and [[Gaurwaith]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Sack of Bar-en-Danwedh]]
}}
'''Amon Rûdh''' was a hill in [[West Beleriand]] that for a time served as the base of [[Túrin]] and [[Gaurwaith|his outlaws]] after they seized it from the [[Petty-dwarf]] [[Mîm]].

==Geography==
Amon Rûdh stood upon the eastern edge of the [[Moors_of_the_Nibin-noeg|high moorlands]],<ref>{{UT|2n}}</ref>{{rp|note 16}} south of the [[Forest of Brethil]] and the [[Teiglin]] in [[West Beleriand]] during the [[First Age]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref>

It was a hill of stone which rose to a height of a thousand feet. On its lower slopes were thickets of ''[[aeglos (plant)|aeglos]]'' but only deep red ''[[seregon]]'' flowers grew on top, giving it the appearance of being covered with blood.<ref name="Mim">{{CH|7}}</ref>

==History==
At one time Amon Rûdh supported a settlement of Petty-dwarves in caves that could have housed a hundred or more. It had a main and secondary hall with many other chambers and passageways. There was a hidden smoke-shaft for the hearth and chambers with axes and other gear. However the Petty-dwarves had dwindled in number until only [[Mîm]] and his sons [[Ibun]] and [[Khîm]] lived in hilltop hideaway.

Mîm was captured by a group of outlaws led by Túrin and forced to reveal the location of his refuge, which was then called '''''[[Bar-en-Danwedh]]''''', the ''"House of Ransom"''. Previously, it had been known as '''''Bar-en-Nibin-noeg''''', the "House of the Petty Dwarves". When it was discovered that Khîm, who had been shot at, had actually been killed, Túrin repented and offered his services to the Dwarf, who from then on tolerated the presence of the outlaws.

Amon Rûdh became the base of operations for the outlaws and with the arrival of [[Beleg]], it became the heart of the area known as ''[[Dor-Cúarthol]]'', the "Land of Bow and Helm" (referring to the Two Captains, Beleg and Túrin), a center of resistance against the forces of [[Morgoth]]. Eventually Túrin's location was discovered, and the outlaws were destroyed by [[Orcs]], and the hilltop was covered with blood in truth.<ref name="Mim"/>

Amon Rûdh was lost under the [[Belegaer|sea]] with the destruction of [[Beleriand]] during the [[War of Wrath]] at the end of the First Age.

==Etymology==
''Amon Rûdh'' means "Bald Hill" in [[Sindarin]], from ''[[amon]]'' ("hill") and ''[[rûdh]]'' ("bald").<ref name="Mim"/>

'''''Sharbhund''''' means "Bald Hill" in [[Khuzdul]], ''[[bund]]'' being the word for "head".<ref>{{TI|Ring}}, p. 174</ref>

The first element meaning "bald" would be *''shar(a)h''. The cluster ''-rbh-'' could be the result of metathesis (from *''sharhbund'').<ref>''[http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/md_khuzdul.html An analysis of Dwarvish]'' by Magnus Åberg</ref>

== Earlier versions of the Legendarium ==

The name of Amon Rûdh was changed many times. It was called ''Amon Carab'' which means 'Hill of the Hat', ''Amon Garabel'', ''Carabel'', ''Amon Nardol'', ''Nardol'' ; ''Amon Rhûg'' which means 'the Bald Hill'<ref>{{WJ|11}}, p.187, Section (27)</ref>.

{{Pronounce|Amon Rudh.mp3|Ardamir}}
{{references}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Amon Rudh}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Hills]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[Category:Dwarven realms]]

[[de:Amon Rûdh]]
[[fi:Amon Rûdh]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/reliefs/beleriand/amon rudh]]

Map of Beleriand and the Lands to the North

2025-10-05T12:25:21Z

Airyn: Adding an infographic about the publishing history of the 'Silmarillion' maps

[[File:Christopher Tolkien - Map of Beleriand.jpeg|thumb|250px|Map of Beleriand]]
[[File:The maps of the Silmarillion - Airyyn.png|thumb|250px|Infographic showing the whole publishing history of the ''Silmarillion'' maps (by [[User:Airyn|Airyn]]).]]
The '''Map of Beleriand and the Lands to the North''', appearing in the ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', depicts the region of [[Beleriand]].

The map is a redrawing by [[Christopher Tolkien]] from [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s "[[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map|Second 'Silmarillion' map]]", which was divided on four sheets and which was the last map of Beleriand that John Ronald made (the "original" maps, without alterations, were reproduced in ''[[The Lost Road]]'').<ref>{{LR|A3}}, p. 407 (for the maps, cf. pp. 408-11)</ref> However, Tolkien continued to add and change names or features on the map manuscripts; these were reproduced by Christopher in ''[[The War of the Jewels]]''.<ref>{{WJ|11}}, pp. 180-1 (for the maps, cf. pp. 182-5)</ref>

[[:File:Christopher Tolkien - Map of Beleriand (colored by H.E. Riddett).jpg|A colored version]] made by [[H.E. Riddett]] is commonly printed in the endpaper of ''The Silmarillion'' hardback editions.

==Errors==
One of the errors Christopher admitted, was the portrayal of the spring(s) of the rivers [[Esgalduin]] and [[Aros]]; in the original map, the river shared the [[Shadowy Spring|same source]].<ref>{{SM|North}} p. 222</ref>
{{references}}
{{maps}}
[[Category:Maps of Beleriand]]

File:The maps of the Silmarillion - Airyyn.png

2025-10-05T12:04:20Z

Airyn: This infographic shows the publishing history of the maps of 'The Silmarillion', from the First Silmarillion map, in 1930's, to the map of the Children of Hurin published in 2007 (Infographic by User:Airyn, october 2025).

== Summary ==
This infographic shows the publishing history of the maps of 'The Silmarillion', from the First Silmarillion map, in 1930's, to the map of the Children of Hurin published in 2007 (Infographic by User:Airyn, october 2025).
== Licensing ==
{{CC-SA-4.0}}

Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde

2025-10-03T19:06:47Z

Airyn: /* Contents */

{{book
| title=Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde
| image=
| author=
| editor=Alexis Brocas, [[Vincent Ferré]]
| illustrator=
| publisher=Le Magazine Littéraire
| date=[[2013]]
| format=13 cm x 20 cm x 1.2 cm
| pages=172
| isbn=9791091530132
| series=Collection Nouveaux regards, Nouveaux regards, ISSN 2267-4179
| precededby=
| followedby=
}}
'''''Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde''''' ("Tolkien - From The Hobbit to The Lord of the Rings, the making of a world") is a book in French on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]].

==Contents==

*Avant-propos - Alexis Brocas
*'''1. Cosmogenèse'''
**Vie d'un scribe - Hervé Aubron
**Le goût des cercles amicaux - Irène Fernandez
**Un sac d'anneaux - Alexis Brocas
**Soubassements méconnus d'un continent - [[Vincent Ferré]]
**Tectonique du Tolkien théoricien - [[Damien Bador]]
**La légende à travers les siècles - [[Vincent Ferré]]
**Un lecteur éclectique - [[Michaël Devaux]]
**Par enchantement - Sébastien Marlair & [[Damien Bador]]
**Le triomphe de Sisyphe - Sébastien Hoët
*'''2. L'Œuvre'''
**Le seigneur des cycles - [[Anne Besson]]
**Alliage et spirales de l'anneau - Charles Delattre
**Des racines vertes - Tatjana Silec
**Catholique, mais syncrétique - [[Leo Carruthers]]
**De tous les diables - Grégory Bouak
**Pervers polymorphes - Grégory Bouak
**Démon miniature - Grégory Bouak
**La fabrication des monstres - Grégory Bouak
**La place du duo - Émeric Moriau
**La création spéculaire - Alexis Brocas
**Une oeuvre ou un monde ? - [[Anne Besson]]
**Un archaïsme novateur - [[Isabelle Pantin]]
**Interprète français-hobbit - Daniel Lauzon
**Indistinctement savant et rêveur - Vincent Ferré
**Agonie et regain du merveilleux - Gil Bartholeyns
**Le rêve d'une mythologie anglaise - Sébastien Marlair
*'''3. Réception et actualité'''
**Un Seigneur rapidement adoubé - Alexis Brocas
**Une découverte tardive en France - Alexis Brocas
**Tolkien, d'Oxford à la Sorbonne - [[Vincent Ferré]]
**Guerres de l'Œil - Hervé Aubron
**Un hobbit attendu - Sébastien Marlair
**Le Hobbit en costume trois pièces - Alexis Brocas
*'''4. Repères'''
*Chronologie
*Bibliographie
*Contributeurs

==From the publisher==

Immerse yourself in the extraordinary work of a world creator! Unique in the history of literature, J. R. R. Tolkien wrote thousands of poetic, narrative and speculative texts throughout his life, which, when brought together, build an entire universe. This collection will take you on a tour of the best-known regions – those of ''The Lord of the Rings'' and ''The Hobbit'' – and the least explored lands, revealing their conceptual treasures. Finally, it will show you an author very different from what the great adventures he staged might suggest.<ref group=note>[Original text:] "Plongez dans l’oeuvre démesurée d’un créateur de monde ! Cas unique dans l’histoire de la littérature, J. R. R. Tolkien a écrit, tout au long de sa vie, des milliers de textes poétiques, narratifs, spéculatifs qui, rassemblés, édifient un univers entier. Ce recueil vous en fera visiter les régions les plus connues – celles du ''Seigneur des anneaux'' et du ''Hobbit'' – et les terres les moins explorées pour en révéler les trésors conceptuels. Il vous montrera, enfin, un auteur très différent de ce que laissent deviner les grandes aventures qu’il mettait en scène."</ref>

{{references|note}}
{{title|italic}}
[[Category:French publications]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde

2025-10-02T21:31:44Z

Airyn: Creating page

{{book
| title=Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde
| image=
| author=
| editor=Alexis Brocas, [[Vincent Ferré]]
| illustrator=
| publisher=Le Magazine Littéraire
| date=[[2013]]
| format=13 cm x 20 cm x 1.2 cm
| pages=172
| isbn=9791091530132
| series=Collection Nouveaux regards, Nouveaux regards, ISSN 2267-4179
| precededby=
| followedby=
}}
'''''Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde''''' ("Tolkien - From The Hobbit to The Lord of the Rings, the making of a world") is a book in French on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]].

==Contents==

*Avant-propos - Alexis Brocas
*'''Cosmogenèse'''
**Vie d'un scribe - Hervé Aubron
**Le goût des cercles amicaux - Irène Fernandez
**Un sac d'anneaux - Alexis Brocas
**Soubassements méconnus d'un continent - [[Vincent Ferré]]
**Tectonique du Tolkien théoricien - [[Damien Bador]]
**La légende à travers les siècles - [[Vincent Ferré]]
**Un lecteur éclectique - [[Michaël Devaux]]
**Par enchantement - Sébastien Marlair & Damien Bador
**Le triomphe de Sisyphe - Sébastien Hoët
*'''L'Œuvre'''
*'''Réception et actualité'''
*'''Repères'''

==From the publisher==

Immerse yourself in the extraordinary work of a world creator! Unique in the history of literature, J. R. R. Tolkien wrote thousands of poetic, narrative and speculative texts throughout his life, which, when brought together, build an entire universe. This collection will take you on a tour of the best-known regions – those of ''The Lord of the Rings'' and ''The Hobbit'' – and the least explored lands, revealing their conceptual treasures. Finally, it will show you an author very different from what the great adventures he staged might suggest.<ref group=note>[Original text:] "Plongez dans l’oeuvre démesurée d’un créateur de monde ! Cas unique dans l’histoire de la littérature, J. R. R. Tolkien a écrit, tout au long de sa vie, des milliers de textes poétiques, narratifs, spéculatifs qui, rassemblés, édifient un univers entier. Ce recueil vous en fera visiter les régions les plus connues – celles du ''Seigneur des anneaux'' et du ''Hobbit'' – et les terres les moins explorées pour en révéler les trésors conceptuels. Il vous montrera, enfin, un auteur très différent de ce que laissent deviner les grandes aventures qu’il mettait en scène."</ref>

{{references|note}}
{{title|italic}}
[[Category:French publications]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

Vincent Ferré

2025-10-02T21:22:15Z

Airyn: /* Books */

{{author infobox
| image=
| name=Vincent Ferré
| born=[[23 October]], [[1974]]
| died=
| education=[[wikipedia:Sorbonne University|Université Paris-Sorbonne]], France
| occupation=Academic, author, translator
| location=France
| website=[http://www.pourtolkien.fr/ Pour Tolkien]
}}
'''Vincent Ferré''' (born [[23 October]] [[1974]]) is a French [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] scholar, lecturer and translator. He has written numerous books on the subject of Tolkien and medievalism, contributed articles to the ''[[Hither Shore (journal)|Hither Shore]]'' and the [[Tolkien Estate]], and runs his own dedicated Tolkien website [http://www.pourtolkien.fr/ Pour Tolkien]. Professionally, he is a Professor of General and Comparative Literature at the Sorbonne Nouvelle University. He is credited on the [https://www.tolkienestate.com/en/paths/credits.html Tolkien Estate website] as having written several articles and supervised translations.

==Books==
* [[2001]]: ''[[Tolkien: sur les rivages de la Terre du Milieu]]''
* [[2004]]: ''[[Tolkien, trente ans après]]'' (editor)
* [[2011]]: ''[[Tolkien aujourd'hui]]'' (co-editor)
* [[2012]]: ''[[Dictionnaire Tolkien]]'' (editor)
* [[2013]]: ''[[Tolkien - Du Hobbit au Seigneur des anneaux, la fabrique d'un monde]]'' (co-editor)
* [[2014]]: ''[[Lire J.R.R. Tolkien]]''
* [[2019]]: ''Voyage en Terre du Milieu'' (editor)
* [[2019]]: ''[[Dictionnaire Tolkien]]'', 2nd edition (editor)
* [[2024]]: ''[[Les Mondes de Christopher Tolkien: Hommage pour son centenaire]]''

==Articles (Selection) ==
* [[2003]]: ''[[Tolkien in Translation]]''
** "Traduire Tolkien en français: On the Translation of J.R.R. Tolkien's Works into French and their Reception in France" (with Daniel Lauzon and David Riggs)
* [[2004]]: ''[[Translating Tolkien: Text and Film]]''
** "Tolkien, Our Judge of Peter Jackson"
* [[2008]]: ''[[Tolkien's Shorter Works]]''
** "The Rout of the King: Tolkien's Readings on Arthurian Kingship – Farmer Giles of Ham and The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth"
* [[2008]]: ''[[Hither Shore 4]]''
** "The Rout of the King: Tolkien's Readings on Arthurian Kingship"
* [[2008]]: ''[[The Ring Goes Ever On: Proceedings of the Tolkien 2005 Conference]]''
** "Tolkien, the author and the critic: Beowulf, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Homecoming of Beorhtnoth and The Lord of the Rings"
* [[2015]]: ''tolkienestate.com''
** "[https://www.tolkienestate.com/writing/vincent-ferre-leaf-by-niggle-the-hidden-nucleus/ Leaf by Niggle: The Hidden Nucleus]"
* [[2015]]: ''tolkienestate.com''
** "[https://www.tolkienestate.com/writing/vincent-ferre-is-the-lord-of-the-rings-an-adventure-story/ Is The Lord of the Rings an Adventure Story?]"
* [[2015]]: ''tolkienestate.com''
** "[https://www.tolkienestate.com/writing/vincent-ferre-daniel-lauzon-and-david-riggs-translating-tolkien/ Translating Tolkien]"
* [[2022]]: ''[[The Great Tales Never End]]''
** "The Son behind the Father: Christopher Tolkien as a Writer"

==External links==
*'''[https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/search/index/?qa%5Bauth_t%5D%5B%5D=vincent%2Bferre&qa%5Btext%5D%5B%5D=tolkien&submit_advanced=Rechercher&rows=30 Papers and books, open-access]''' (French and English)
*[http://www.pourtolkien.fr/ Pour Tolkien] (French)
*[http://www.univ-paris3.fr/m-ferre-vincent-753457.kjsp Profile at University of Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ferre, Vincent}}
[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:French people]]
[[Category:People by name]]
[[Category:Translators]]

Lire J.R.R. Tolkien

2025-10-02T21:20:22Z

Airyn: Creating Page

{{book
| title=Lire J.R.R. Tolkien
| image=
| author=[[Vincent Ferré]]
| editor=
| illustrator=
| publisher=Pocket
| date=[[2014]]
| format=
| pages=345
| isbn=9782266242912
| series=
| precededby=
| followedby=
}}
'''''Lire J.R.R. Tolkien''''' ("Read J.R.R. Tolkien") is a book in French on [[J.R.R. Tolkien]].

==Contents==

*Introduction : « Re/lire Tolkien »
*Abréviations des éditions citées
*Première partie : Une œuvre aux multiples facettes
**Chapitre 1 – Une œuvre née des livres et du monde
**Chapitre 2 – Du journal de Bilbo au Livre Rouge : qui a écrit Le Seigneur des Anneaux ?
**Chapitre 3 – Miroirs déformants : le Livre Rouge, ''Le Hobbit'' et ''Le Seigneur des Anneaux''
**Chapitre 4 – Tolkien critique et écrivain : sur ''Le Retour de Beorhtnoth'', ''Les Enfants de Húrin'' et ''Le Seigneur des Anneaux''
**Chapitre 5 – Du mot à la fiction, Tolkien et la philologie fictionnelle
**Chapitre 6 – Le fils à l’œuvre : J.R.R. Tolkien comme « objet » philologique et centre d’une fiction
*Deuxième partie : Une œuvre aux mille vies (Tolkien et sa postérité)
**Chapitre 1 – « Tolkien juge de [[Peter Jackson]] : trois adaptations cinématographiques du ''Seigneur des Anneaux'' (Z[immerman], Bakshi et Jackson) »
**Chapitre 2 – J.R.R. Tolkien est-il un auteur pour la jeunesse ?
**Chapitre 3 – La réception de J.R.R. Tolkien en France (1) : 1973-2001
**Chapitre 4 – La réception de J.R.R. Tolkien en France (2) : 2001-2014
**Chapitre 5 – La Terre du Milieu, un monde en expansion infinie ?
**Chapitre 6 – Les tuteurs de l’arbre : réécritures et pulsations du monde fictionnel
*Troisième partie : Représentations et recréation du Moyen Âge
**Chapitre 1 – A l’ombre de Tristan : figures de l’amour chez Tolkien
**Chapitre 2 – [[Beren]], [[Túrin]], [[Aragorn]] et la fatalité de l’amour
**Chapitre 3 – Retour et déroute du roi : lectures politiques d’Arthur chez Tolkien
**Chapitre 4 – Vers une autre définition de la royauté : l’ennoblissement et le mérite ([[Aragorn]], Gilles de Ham)
*Conclusion
*Bibliographie
*Remerciements

==From the publisher==

Who wrote ‘The Lord of the Rings’, whose story takes place... even before the invention of writing? How would Tolkien have judged the film adaptations of his work, both recent and older? Why is King Arthur hidden at the heart of his fictional universe? Is Túrin Tristan's brother? What is the connection between the invention of languages and the invention of a world? What should you read by Tolkien if you enjoyed The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings? Why is this author so often classified as children's literature, when he wrote almost exclusively for adults? Why did he have such a lasting influence on J.K. Rowling and G.R.R. Martin? This book is based on articles published separately, which have been rewritten, updated and revised to form a book that, chapter by chapter, offers some keys to understanding the creation of Middle-earth, a world marked by an imagination based on a perfect knowledge of medieval texts... but also to better appreciate modern fantasy, which owes so much to Tolkien! It is therefore an invitation to everyone, fans and non-fans alike, to read J.R.R. Tolkien.<ref group=note>[Original text:] "Qui a écrit « Le Seigneur des Anneaux », dont l’histoire se déroule… avant même l’invention de l’écriture ? Comment Tolkien aurait-il jugé les adaptations cinématographiques de son œuvre, récentes et plus anciennes ? Pourquoi le roi Arthur est-il caché au cœur de son univers fictionnel ? Túrin est-il le frère de Tristan ? Quel rapport entre l’invention de langues et l’invention d’un monde ? Que lire de Tolkien, lorsque l’on a aimé « Le Hobbit » et « Le Seigneur des Anneaux » ? Pourquoi cet auteur est-il si souvent rangé dans la littérature de jeunesse, alors qu’il a écrit presque exclusivement pour les adultes ? Pourquoi a-t-il marqué si durablement J.K. Rowling et G.R.R. Martin ? Cet ouvrage est né d’articles publiés de manière séparée, qui ont été réécrits, mis à jour et remaniés, pour former un livre qui propose, au fil des chapitres, quelques clés pour comprendre la création de la Terre du Milieu, monde marqué par un imaginaire qui s’appuie sur une connaissance parfaite de textes médiévaux… mais aussi pour mieux apprécier la fantasy moderne, qui doit tant à Tolkien ! C’est donc une invitation, faite à tous, amateurs ou non, de lire J.R.R. Tolkien."</ref>

{{references|note}}
{{title|italic}}
[[Category:French publications]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

Les Mondes de Christopher Tolkien: Hommage pour son centenaire

2025-10-02T20:55:12Z

Airyn: Creating page

{{book
| title=Les Mondes de Christopher Tolkien
| image=
| author=
| editor=[[Vincent Ferré]]
| illustrator=
| publisher=Adar
| date=21 novembre [[2024]]
| format=
| pages=300
| isbn=9782370680198
| series=
| precededby=
| followedby=
}}
'''''Les Mondes de Christopher Tolkien - Hommage pour son centenaire''''' ("The Worlds of Christopher Tolkien – Tribute for his centenary") is a collection of scholarly essays in French on [[Christopher Tolkien]].

==Contents==

*Préface, [[Baillie Tolkien]] : « Les mondes de Christopher »
*Introduction, [[Vincent Ferré]] : « Christopher Tolkien : révéler, dévoiler, inventer... le monde »
*I – Père & fils : Christopher et J.R.R.
**« Entre pères et fils : la présence de Christopher dans l’œuvre fictionnelle de J.R.R. Tolkien », [[Thomas Honegger]]
**« De Théoden à Beorhtnoth : la tradition héroïque vieil-anglaise comme lien entre Tolkien père et fils », [[Leo Carruthers]]
**« “Eh bien – commence à écrire une histoire !” ou comment résister à la mécanisation de l’imagination », [[Jean-Philippe Qadri]]
*II – Christopher Tolkien, artiste et écrivain
**« Christopher Tolkien et les cartes de la Terre du Milieu : entre fidélité et réinvention », Laurence Lebourg
**« Christopher Tolkien face au défi du Silmarillion : le chapitre 22 et la lettre retrouvée », [[Vivien Stocker]]
**« Contes et légendes inachevés, un tournant dans la carrière littéraire de Christopher Tolkien », Lucas Zembrzuski
**« Christopher Tolkien et les langues elfiques : cinq décennies de travaux », [[Damien Bador]]
**« Voyages dans le temps et mystérieux passages de l’histoire à la légende et au mythe. Une enquête qui suit le fil d’Ariane préparé par Christopher Tolkien », [[Isabelle Pantin]]
*III – Témoignages
**« Christopher Tolkien », [[Alan Lee]]
**« All is as it is… », Christine Laferrière
**« En souvenir de Christopher Tolkien », [[Chris Smith]]
**Discours de remise de la Bodley medal, [[Richard Ovenden]]
**Cahier photographique
*Envoi
**« Pour Christopher », [[Vincent Ferré]]
*Bibliographie et références
*Note sur les contributeurs

==From the publisher==

This book contains testimonials from loved ones and studies on the man who not only edited thousands of pages by J.R.R. Tolkien and mapped out his universe, but who also appears here as a writer and artist in his own right.

Christopher Tolkien would have been 100 years old on 21 November. He is best known for having “revealed” the world invented by his father, thanks to the twenty or so books he published; but presented here are analyses of maps of Middle-earth unknown to the general public because they were kept in his archives; studies of the works he co-wrote (including ''The Silmarillion'') without ever putting himself forward; with exceptional testimonials from Baillie Tolkien (the woman who accompanied him for 54 years, throughout the publication of his works); illustrator Alan Lee, his English publisher Chris Smith...

Yet Christopher Tolkien lived fully in our world, where he was passionate about plants, butterflies and architecture. A former fighter pilot during the Second World War, a student and then a professor at Oxford, he was also an amateur photographer: a notebook of 16 photographs reveals his love of the natural world in a new light.<ref group=note>[Original text:] "Ce livre contient des témoignages de proches et des études sur celui qui a non seulement édité des milliers de pages de J.R.R. Tolkien, et cartographié son univers, mais qui apparaît ici comme un écrivain et un artiste à part entière.

Christopher Tolkien aurait eu 100 ans le 21 novembre. Il est surtout connu pour avoir « révélé » le monde inventé par son père, grâce à la vingtaine de livres qu’il a fait paraître ; mais sont présentées ici des analyses de cartes de la Terre du Milieu inconnues du grand public car conservées dans ses archives ; des études sur les œuvres qu’il a coécrites (dont ''Le Silmarillion'') sans jamais se mettre en avant ; avec des témoignages exceptionnels de Baillie Tolkien (la femme qui l’a accompagné pendant 54 ans, tout au long de la publication de ses œuvres) ; de l’illustrateur Alan Lee, de son éditeur anglais Chris Smith…

Pourtant, Christopher Tolkien vivait pleinement dans notre monde, où il se passionnait pour les plantes, les papillons et l’architecture. Ancien pilote de chasse pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, étudiant puis professeur à Oxford, il était aussi photographe amateur : un cahier de 16 photographies révèle sous un nouveau jour son goût pour le monde naturel."</ref>

{{references|note}}
{{title|italic}}
[[Category:French publications]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]
[[Category:Scholarly books]]

The First 'Silmarillion' Map (map)

2025-09-29T08:25:15Z

Airyn: Adding the 'Eastward Extension' by User:Airyn

'''The First 'Silmarillion' Map''' is a map of [[Beleriand]] drawn by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]] on single sheet (likely dating from c. 1926-30<ref group=note>[[Christopher Tolkien]] believes the map to be contemporary with the manuscript "Sketch of the Mythology"; see {{SM|2}}, p. 11.</ref>), with "two supplementary sheets, giving an Eastern and a Western extension to the main or central map".<ref>{{SM|4}}</ref> The name [[Thimbalt]], which probably refers to another fortress such as Angband, only appears on this map. Thimbalt was struck out using a pencil on this map.<ref>{{SM|4b}}</ref>.

== Maps gallery ==

<gallery mode="traditional">
File:J.R.R. Tolkien - The First 'Silmarillion' Map.jpg|Central part of the First Map (Original version)
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Airyyn.png|A new rendering of the First Map (central part), by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2022).
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Eastward Extension - Airyyn.png|A colourised and cleaned version of the eastward extension of the First Map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2025).
File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map in 3D - Airyyn.png|Axonometric view of the First Map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2017).
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]] (chapter)
*[[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]]

{{references|n}}

{{maps}}
{{title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:First 'Silmarillion' Map, The}}

[[Category:Maps of Beleriand]]

File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Eastward Extension - Airyyn.png

2025-09-29T08:22:02Z

Airyn: This infographic presents a colourised and cleaned version of the eastward extension of the 'First Silmarillion Map', made by User:Airyn. All information comes from this reference : J.R.R. Tolkien, The Shaping of Middle-earth, The History of Middle-earth – Vol. 4, ed. Christopher Tolkien, George Allen & Unwin, 1986, p.230-234.

== Summary ==
This infographic presents a colourised and cleaned version of the eastward extension of the 'First Silmarillion Map', made by User:Airyn. All information comes from this reference : J.R.R. Tolkien, The Shaping of Middle-earth, The History of Middle-earth – Vol. 4, ed. Christopher Tolkien, George Allen & Unwin, 1986, p.230-234.
== Licensing ==
{{CC-SA-4.0}}

Ascar

2025-09-26T10:12:53Z

Airyn: Adding different names from HoMe XI

{{location infobox
| name=Ascar
| image=Christopher Tolkien - Ossiriand.jpg
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=[[Rathlóriel]]
| location=Between [[Thargelion]] and [[Ossiriand]]
| type=River
| description=
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=[[Battle of Sarn Athrad]]
}}
'''Ascar''' was the northernmost of the rivers that flowed through [[Ossiriand]]. It emerged near [[Dolmed]], and the [[Dwarf-road of Beleriand|Dwarf-road]] from the [[Blue Mountains]] lay along its northern bank, until it met [[Gelion]] at [[Sarn Athrad]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref>
==History==
After the murder of King [[Thingol]] of Doriath the [[Dwarves of Nogrod]] easily entered [[Menegroth]] where they [[battle in the Thousand Caves|ransacked]] and plundered the halls, retaking the [[Nauglamír]]. The victorious Dwarves marched along the banks of the Ascar with their spoils. Suddenly, [[Beren]], [[Dior]] his son, and a host of [[Green-elves|Laiquendi]] attacked the Dwarves. After the [[Battle of Sarn Athrad]] Beren reclaimed the Nauglamír, but had the rest of the treasure of Doriath cast into the Ascar. From that time forth the river was renamed [[Rathlóriel]] ("Goldenbed").<ref>{{S|Doriath}}</ref>

==Etymology==
''Asgar'' in [[Noldorin]] means "rushing" or "impetuous",<ref>{{S|Index}}, ''Ascar''</ref> derived from [[Sundocarme|root]] A-[[SKAR]].<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}</ref>

In [[Ælfwine|Eriol's]] [[Old English]] translations, ''Ascar'' is referred to as ''Baening''. [[Christopher Tolkien]] tentatively interpreted the O.E. name as "river filled with bones (of the Dwarves)", but doubted that it was his father's intended meaning.<ref>{{SM|QA1}}</ref>

The name ''Rathlóriel'' means "Golden-bed".<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref> In the ''[[The Etymologies|Etymologies]]'', the name ''Rath Loriel'' is said to contain the [[Noldorin]] word ''[[Rath#Noldorin|rath]]'' ("coarse, river-bed") and ''[[glaur|lor-]]'' ("gold").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, pp. 368, 383</ref><ref>{{VT|46a}}, p. 11</ref>

In the early drafts of ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''Rathlóriel'' was called ''Rathlorion''. However, Tolkien considered in later writings changing the name of the river to ''Rathmalad''<ref>{{WJ|11}}, pp.185, 191</ref>, "hastily pencilled" beneath ''Rathloriel'' on the [[The Second 'Silmarillion' Map]], and also ''Rathmallen''<ref>{{WJ|11}}, p.353</ref> which appears only in the text ''The Tale of Years'' (entry "[[First Age 503|503]]").

{{references}}
{{ossiriandrivers}}
[[Category:Rivers of Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Ascar]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/beleriand/ascar]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/beleriand/rathloriel]]
[[fi:Ascar]]
[[fi:Rathlóriel]]

Glithui

2025-09-11T21:30:43Z

Airyn: Adding a reference

'''Glithui''' was a small river that rose beneath [[Amon Darthir]] in the [[Ered Wethrin|Mountains of Shadow]], beneath a steep and treacherous pass out of [[Dor-lómin]] into [[West Beleriand]]. It flowed southward away from the mountains for less than fifty miles, after which its waters ran into the [[Teiglin]] (north of that river's confluence with the [[Malduin]]), and on into the mighty river [[Sirion]].<ref>{{CH|Map}}</ref>

[[Voronwë]] led [[Tuor]] across the Glithui as they journeyed east along the Ered Wethrin towards [[Gondolin]].<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}</ref> Later, when [[Túrin]] escaped from [[Dor-lómin]] he used the pass that came down to the Glithui.<ref>{{UT|Narn}}, ''The Departure of Turin''</ref>

The Glithui is shown on the map that accompanies ''[[The Silmarillion]]'',<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> but is not labelled there.<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}, note 16</ref> However, the label "Glithui" appears on the general map of [[The Children of Húrin]]<ref>{{CH|Map}}</ref>.
{{references}}
[[Category:Rivers of Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[de:Glithui]]
[[fi:Glithui]]

Glithui

2025-09-11T21:26:36Z

Airyn: "Glithui" appears on the map of The Children of Húrin

'''Glithui''' was a small river that rose beneath [[Amon Darthir]] in the [[Ered Wethrin|Mountains of Shadow]], beneath a steep and treacherous pass out of [[Dor-lómin]] into [[West Beleriand]]. It flowed southward away from the mountains for less than fifty miles, after which its waters ran into the [[Teiglin]] (north of that river's confluence with the [[Malduin]]), and on into the mighty river [[Sirion]].<ref>{{CH|Map}}</ref>

[[Voronwë]] led [[Tuor]] across the Glithui as they journeyed east along the Ered Wethrin towards [[Gondolin]].<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}</ref> Later, when [[Túrin]] escaped from [[Dor-lómin]] he used the pass that came down to the Glithui.<ref>{{UT|Narn}}, ''The Departure of Turin''</ref>

The Glithui is shown on the map that accompanies ''[[The Silmarillion]]'',<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> but is not labelled there.<ref>{{UT|Tuor}}, note 16</ref> However, the label "Glithui" appears on the general map of [[The Children of Húrin]].
{{references}}
[[Category:Rivers of Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[de:Glithui]]
[[fi:Glithui]]

User:Airyn

2025-08-26T10:19:49Z

Airyn:

Hello everybody,

Here I list my contributions on J.R.R. Tolkien's works.

==== Maps and cartography ====

[[File:Airyyn - The Wanderings of Hurin.jpg|thumb|''[[The Wanderings of Húrin]]'', by Airyyn (sept. 2015).]]
Currently, I create maps with the pseudonym of Airyyn which I post [https://www.deviantart.com/airyyn on DeviantArt] (see an example on the right).
[[File:Airyyn - Journeys of Tuor.jpg|thumb|''Journeys of [[Tuor]]'', by Airyyn (2015).]]
[[File:March_of_the_Quendi_Airyyn.jpg|center|thumb|950x950px|Infographic depicting the March of the Quendi, such as described by Tolkien in ''[[The Nature of Middle-earth]]'' (p.47, p.49-53). The picture shows the itinerary of the Quendi in Middle-earth (at the top) associated with a timeline (center) in valian years and in solar years from the Awakening, and the number of Eldar (bottom).]]
[[File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map - Airyyn.png|thumb|400px|A new rendering of the First Silmarillion map.]]
[[File:Regional maps of MERP - Airyyn.png|thumb|alt=Infographic showing the regional maps included in each module of the Middle-earth Role Playing Game (MERP)|Infographic showing the regional maps included in each module of the Middle-earth Role Playing Game (MERP, 1st and 2nd edition) during the period 1982-1997. Most of the regional maps were designed by [[Pete Fenlon]] at the scale 1’’ = 20 miles. Infographic by [[User:Airyn|Airyn]] (2025).]]
[[File:The First 'Silmarillion' Map in 3D - Airyyn.png|thumb|400px|Axonometric view of the First ''Silmarillion'' map, by [[User:Airyn|Airynn]] (2017).]]

With additional works :
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/galerie/ayrinhac_simon/carte_du_col_de_tarlang A map of Tarlang's Neck], published in Tolkiendil Calendar 2019.
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/asso/mag/mag7 The journeys of Lady Haleth], a map published in magazine [[L'Arc et le Heaume 7|''l'Arc et le Heaume n°7'']].

==== Articles and essays ====

I am a member of french [https://www.tolkiendil.com/asso association Tolkiendil], where I published some essays (in french) on line :
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/legendaire/la_composition_du_silmarillion The composition of ''The Silmarillion''] (2014).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/etudes/representation_cartographique On the Tolkien's cartographic representation] (2016).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/panorama_cartographes An overview of the Middle-earth cartographers] (2018).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/coordonnes_geographiques About geographical coordinates in Middle-earth] (2020).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/comte_dimensions_bordures The Shire, size and borders] (2022).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/peuples/vieillissement On the ageing of the elves in ''The Nature of Middle-Earth''] (2022).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/peuples/demographie-elfique Demography of the elves in ''The Nature of Middle-Earth''] (2023).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/critiques/atlas_fonstad_premiere_edition On the Fonstad's ''Atlas of Middle-earth – the first edition (1981)] (2023)
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/terre_du_milieu_sur_le_globe Middle-earth on the globe] (february 2025).
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/essais/geographie/carte_generale_versions The general map of Middle-earth: List of sketches and published versions] (march 2025).

I published some essays on the website [https://www.jrrvf.com/ JRRVF.com] :
* [https://www.jrrvf.com/precieux-heritage/essais/articles-de-portee-generale/atlas-geopolitique-du-beleriand/ A geopolitical atlas of Beleriand], the stories in Beleriand illustrated by 20 maps (2014).
* [https://www.jrrvf.com/precieux-heritage/essais/articles-de-portee-generale/tolkien-et-la-ludic-fantasy/ Tolkien and the ludic fantasy], the works of Tolkien seen in Dragon Magazine (2015).

I published one essay in the books of [[Didier Willis]], founder of [[Hiswelókë]] :
* ''On the Tolkien's cartographic representation'' [''La représentation cartographique chez J.R.R. Tolkien''], in ''[[Fées, navigateurs & autres miscellanées en Terre du Milieu]]'', [[Didier Willis]], Romaine Casademont, Mahdî Brecq & [[Leo Carruthers]] (dir.), editeur Le Dragon de Brume, déc. 2017, p.51-64.

I published also some essays in the Tolkiendil's journel entitled ''[https://www.tolkiendil.com/asso/mag L'Arc et le Heaume]'' (ISSN 2106-5551) :
* ''Genesis and edition of the chapters 'Ainulindalë' and 'Valaquenta' in the published Silmarillion'' [''Genèse et édition des chapitres « Ainulindalë » et « Valaquenta » du Silmarillion publié''], [[L'Arc et le Heaume 6|''L'Arc et le Heaume'' n°6]] - Ainulindalë et Valaquenta, Audrey Morelle (dir.), Laura Martin-Gomez, p. 22-31, 174 pages, , août 2019.
* ''Galadriel in The Silmarillion'' [''Galadriel dans le « Silmarillion »''], in [[L'Arc et le Heaume 7|''L'Arc et le Heaume'' n°7]] - Tolkien au féminin, Laura Martin-Gomez (dir.), p. 66-79, juillet 2021.
* « ''The map of Rohan, Gondor and Mordor'' » [« ''La carte du Rohan, Gondor et Mordor'' »], in [[L'Arc et le Heaume 8|''L’Arc et le Heaume'' n°8]] - Autour du ''Seigneur des Anneaux'', 2025, p. 26-33.

==== On Tolkien Gateway ====

Concerning books on J.R.R. Tolkien, I possess in my bookcase :
:* The volume IV of ''The Lord of the Rings'' ([https://www.chasse-aux-livres.fr/prix/2267004577/le-seigneur-des-anneaux-tome-4-appendices-et-annexes for real !]).
:* ''The book of Lost Tales'' (in french), with the signature of [[Adam Tolkien]].
:* ''Signalling: Morse, Semaphore, Station Work'', Capt. E. John Solano, 1915 : one copy of the book where Tolkien learned map reading.
:* The first edition (1981) of [[Karen_Wynn_Fonstad|K.W. Fonstad]]'s ''[[The_Atlas_of_Middle-earth|Atlas of Middle-earth]]''.

[https://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Special:Contributions/Airyn My contributions on Tolkien Gateway].

Shortcuts [https://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Help:References templates for references], including [http://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Template:NM ''Nature of Middle-Earth''].

My [https://tolkiengateway.net/wiki/Tolkien_Gateway:Userboxes Userboxes] :
{{user lore-3}}
{{user fr-N}}
{{User France}}
{{user ref}}
{{user interwiki}}
{{user years|5}}

Dolmed

2025-08-11T15:34:04Z

Airyn: Adding an early name of the mountain ("Mount Dolm")

{{sources}}{{cleanup}}
{{location infobox
| name=Mount Dolmed
| image=Peter Xavier Price - Mount Dolmed.jpg
| caption="Mount Dolmed" by [[Peter Xavier Price]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=In the central parts of the [[Blue Mountains]]
| type=Mountain
| description=
| regions=
| towns=[[Belegost]] and [[Nogrod]] were built on Dolmed's slopes
| inhabitants=[[Firebeards]] [[Broadbeams]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Mount Dolmed''' was a mountain in the [[Blue Mountains|Ered Luin]].

==History==
Mount Dolmed loomed over the only known pass from [[Eriador]] into [[Beleriand]]. According to the [[Dwarves]], it was here that the founders of the [[Broadbeams]] and the [[Firebeards]] established the Dwarven cities of [[Nogrod]] and [[Belegost]].

The two cities were established on the Eastern side of the mountain. A little to the Northeast of Dolmed was Belegost, and a little to the Southeast was Nogrod.

In {{YT|1497}}, the [[First Battle of Beleriand]] was fought between the [[Elves]] and the forces of [[Morgoth]]. In the end, the Elves were victorious, and the surviving [[Orcs]] fled east toward the Ered Luin. There they were met and annihilated by the Dwarves.

Almost five hundred years later, the [[battle in the Thousand Caves]] occurred between the [[Elves of Doriath]] and the [[Dwarves of Nogrod]]. In {{FA|503}}, after returning from their victory in [[Menegroth]], the Dwarves were [[Battle of Sarn Athrad|ambushed]] and slaughtered at [[Sarn Athrad]]. After the battle, surviving Dwarves climbed the slopes of Mount Dolmed and were waylaid and slain by [[Ents]].

==Fate==
Some [[Tolkienists]] such as [[Robert Foster]] and [[Karen Fonstad]] speculate that after the [[War of Wrath]] Dolmed was destroyed when the Ered Luin were broken and the [[Gulf of Lune]] broke through it.<ref>[[Robert Foster]], ''[[The Complete Guide to Middle-earth]]'', page 89</ref><ref>[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]], ''[[The Atlas of Middle-earth]]'', p. 37</ref>

However, [[Ronald Kyrmse|Ronald E. Kyrmse]]<ref>[[Ronald Kyrmse]], "The Geographical Relation between Beleriand and Eriador" in ''[[Mallorn (journal)|Mallorn]]'' no. [[Mallorn 26|26]], September 1989, pp. 25–27</ref> and later [[Didier Willis]]<ref>[[Didier Willis]], Bulletin de géographie ''Hiswelóce'', special issue no. 1, Winter 1994 (French); [https://web.archive.org/web/20130314054356/http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/site3/articles.php?lng=en&pg=41 Mystères géographiques n°1 : Mont Dolmed & cités naines] (c. 2000), [http://www.jrrvf.com/hisweloke/site3/index.php?lng=fr Hiwelokë], accessed March 23rd, 2011 (French); revised and augmented in "Du Beleriand aux confins de Rhûn" in ''[[Tolkien, le façonnement d'un monde]]'', vol. 2, 2014, pp. 197-230.</ref> independently noted a prominent unidentified mountain exactly on the location of Dolmed in the map of Beleriand as well as Mount [[Rerir]] to the north. This, coupled with a reinterpretation of Tolkien's maps, shows that Dolmed at least partially survived the devastation.

==Etymology==
''Dolmed'' contains the [[Sindarin]], from ''[[dol]]'' ("head") and ''mêd'' (wet)<ref>{{Cite web|articleurl=https://eldamo.org/content/words/word-342487273.html|articlename="Mêd"|author=Paul Strack|accessed=22 October 2024}}</ref>. The word for ''dol'' is used often in Sindarin to refer to hills.

== Other versions of the legedarium ==

In an early version, the mount was called ''Mount Dolm''<ref>{{SM|4f}}, p.232.</ref>.

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Mountains]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]
[[de:Dolmed]]
[[fi:Dolmedin vuori]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/reliefs/beleriand/mont dolmed]]

Legolin

2025-08-11T15:18:18Z

Airyn: Adding the version "Loeglin" from HoMe IV, p.233

'''Legolin''' was the third of [[Gelion]]'s six tributary rivers, that like the others rose among the western slopes of the [[Blue Mountains]]. It flowed swiftly west through [[Ossiriand]] between the [[Thalos]] to the north and the [[Brilthor]] to the south.<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> The name ''Legolin'' is derived from [[Ilkorin]] ''legol'' ("running free").<ref>{{LR|Etymologies}}, entry "[[LEK]]"</ref>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==

On the Eastward extension of [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]], the river was called "Loeglin"<ref>{{SM|4f}}, p.233, entry ''Loeglin''</ref>.

{{references}}
{{ossiriandrivers}}
[[Category:Ilkorin names]]
[[Category:Rivers of Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin names]]

Dor Firn-i-Guinar

2025-08-11T14:56:43Z

Airyn: Correcting the reference to the book of John Garth

{{location infobox
| name=Dor Firn-i-Guinar
| image=Ted Nasmith - Tinúviel Reborn.jpg
| caption="Tinúviel Reborn" by [[Ted Nasmith]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=Southern [[Ossiriand]], around [[Tol Galen]]
| type=Region
| description=
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Dor Firn-i-Guinar''', the '''Land of the Dead that Live''', was the name given by the [[Eldar]] to the region surrounding the isle of [[Tol Galen]] in southern [[Ossiriand]], where [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] lived after their return from the dead.<ref>{{S|20}}</ref> It is told that the country was exceptionally beautiful, even reminding of the blessed land of [[Valinor]].<ref>{{S|22}}</ref>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==

In an early version of the legendarium, ''Dor Firn-i-Guinar'' (called at this time ''Land of the Cuilwarthin'') was located south-west to Nargothrond, on the Hills of the Hunter (later [[Taur-en-Faroth]])<ref>{{SM|4c}}, p.224, entry "Beren".</ref>. This location offered an "enchanted west" to Beleriand<ref>John Garth, [[The Worlds of J.R.R. Tolkien]], Frances Lincoln, 2020, p.56-58.</ref>. Then, the name was moved in the empty land between the Sirion and the Gelion. Still then, the name was struck out and a note in pencil was added : "Lies to the east of this and beyond the Great Lands of the East and of wild men"<ref>{{SM|4c}}, p.224, entry "Beren".</ref>. And indeed, on the Eastward extension of [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]], in Ossiriand, appears "Gweirth-i-Cuina", written over "Cuilwarthin"<ref>{{SM|4f}}, p.233.</ref>.

==Etymology==

''Dor Firn-i-Guinar'' is the name appearing in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'',<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref> apparently consisting of the [[Sindarin]] elements ''[[dor]]'' "land" + ''[[firn]]'' "dead" + ''[[in]]'' "who, that" + ''[[cuinar]]'' "live".<ref name=Tolkiendil>[http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth] at [http://www.tolkiendil.com Tolkiendil.com] (accessed 10 November 2011)</ref>

In his manuscripts, [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] experimented with many variations on how to translate ''Land of the Dead that Live'': ''I·Cuilwarthon'', ''I·Guilwarthon'', ''Cuilwarthien'', ''Gwerth-i-cuina'', and ''Gwerth-i-guinar''.<ref>{{HM|IX}} (entries for ''Land of the Dead that Live'')</ref> In a [[1972]] letter, Tolkien used the name ''Dor Gyrth i chuinar''.<ref>{{L|332}}, p. 417</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Regions]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Tol Galen#Sonstiges]]
[[fi:Dor Firn-i-Guinar]]

Dor Firn-i-Guinar

2025-08-11T14:42:55Z

Airyn: Adding the various locations of ''Dor Firn-i-Guinar'' on the map

{{location infobox
| name=Dor Firn-i-Guinar
| image=Ted Nasmith - Tinúviel Reborn.jpg
| caption="Tinúviel Reborn" by [[Ted Nasmith]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=Southern [[Ossiriand]], around [[Tol Galen]]
| type=Region
| description=
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Dor Firn-i-Guinar''', the '''Land of the Dead that Live''', was the name given by the [[Eldar]] to the region surrounding the isle of [[Tol Galen]] in southern [[Ossiriand]], where [[Beren]] and [[Lúthien]] lived after their return from the dead.<ref>{{S|20}}</ref> It is told that the country was exceptionally beautiful, even reminding of the blessed land of [[Valinor]].<ref>{{S|22}}</ref>

== Other versions of the legendarium ==

In an early version of the legendarium, ''Dor Firn-i-Guinar'' (called at this time ''Land of the Cuilwarthin'') was located south-west to Nargothrond, on the Hills of the Hunter (later [[Taur-en-Faroth]])<ref>{{SM|4c}}, p.224, entry "Beren".</ref>. This location offered an "enchanted west" to Beleriand<ref>John Garth, [[The Worlds of J.R.R. Tolkien]], Frances Lincoln, 2020, p.46.</ref>. Then, the name was moved in the empty land between the Sirion and the Gelion. Still then, the name was struck out and a note in pencil was added : "Lies to the east of this and beyond the Great Lands of the East and of wild men"<ref>{{SM|4c}}, p.224, entry "Beren".</ref>. And indeed, on the Eastward extension of [[The First 'Silmarillion' Map]], in Ossiriand, appears "Gweirth-i-Cuina", written over "Cuilwarthin"<ref>{{SM|4f}}, p.233.</ref>.

==Etymology==

''Dor Firn-i-Guinar'' is the name appearing in the published ''[[The Silmarillion|Silmarillion]]'',<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref> apparently consisting of the [[Sindarin]] elements ''[[dor]]'' "land" + ''[[firn]]'' "dead" + ''[[in]]'' "who, that" + ''[[cuinar]]'' "live".<ref name=Tolkiendil>[http://www.tolkiendil.com/langues/english/i-lam_arth/compound_sindarin_names Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth] at [http://www.tolkiendil.com Tolkiendil.com] (accessed 10 November 2011)</ref>

In his manuscripts, [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]] experimented with many variations on how to translate ''Land of the Dead that Live'': ''I·Cuilwarthon'', ''I·Guilwarthon'', ''Cuilwarthien'', ''Gwerth-i-cuina'', and ''Gwerth-i-guinar''.<ref>{{HM|IX}} (entries for ''Land of the Dead that Live'')</ref> In a [[1972]] letter, Tolkien used the name ''Dor Gyrth i chuinar''.<ref>{{L|332}}, p. 417</ref>

{{references}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Regions]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Tol Galen#Sonstiges]]
[[fi:Dor Firn-i-Guinar]]

Tol Sirion

2025-08-09T17:57:21Z

Airyn: Adding a location infobox and a gallery

{{location infobox
| name=Tol Sirion
| image=J.R.R._Tolkien_-_Tol_Sirion_(Colored_by_H.E._Riddett).jpg
| caption='Tol Sirion' by J.R.R. Tolkien, colored by [[H.E. Riddett]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=Pass of Sirion, West Beleriand,
| type=Island
| description=
| regions=
| towns=[[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)]]
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Tol Sirion''' was the island on the upper reaches of the River [[Sirion]] in the middle of the [[Pass of Sirion]], between the [[Ered Wethrin]] and [[Dorthonion]].

There [[Finrod|Finrod Felagund]] built the tower of [[Minas Tirith (Beleriand)|Minas Tirith]] on this strategic position, as the guarded Pass connected [[Ard-galen]] and [[West Beleriand]]. It was renamed [[Tol-in-Gaurhoth]] (Isle of the Werewolves) after its capture by [[Sauron]].<ref>{{S|14}}</ref><ref>{{S|18}}</ref> It was called Wizard's Isle in the [[Lay of Leithian]].<ref>{{LB|3}}, ''passim''</ref>

The loss of Tol Sirion allowed [[Orcs]] to invade West Beleriand and harass [[Talath Dirnen]] and [[Nargothrond]].

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="traditional">
File:J.R.R._Tolkien_-_Tol_Sirion.jpg|'Tol Sirion' by J.R.R. Tolkien<ref>[[Pictures_by_J.R.R._Tolkien]], n°36.</ref>.
File:J.R.R._Tolkien_-_Tol_Sirion_(Colored_by_H.E._Riddett).jpg|'Tol Sirion' by J.R.R. Tolkien, colored by [[H.E. Riddett]] for the [[The Silmarillion Calendar 1978]].
</gallery>
==Etymology==
''Tol Sirion'' is [[Sindarin]] for "Isle of the Great River", from ''[[tol]]'' ("isle")<ref>{{S|Elements}}</ref> and ''[[Sirion]]'' ("The Great River").<ref>{{S|Index}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[:Category:Images of Tol Sirion|Images of Tol Sirion]]
{{references}}
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Beleriand]]

[[de:Tol Sirion]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/tol sirion]]
[[fi:Tol Sirion]]

Andram

2025-08-02T15:45:25Z

Airyn: Correction of the geographical informations

{{location infobox
| name=Andram
| image=Šárka Škorpíková - Andram.jpg
| caption="Andram" by [[:Category:Images by Šárka Škorpíková|Šárka Škorpíková]]
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=Stretching across south [[Beleriand]] from [[Taur-en-Faroth]] to [[Ramdal]]
| type=steep terrain
| description=a long wall
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
'''Andram''' ([[Sindarin|S]]. 'long wall'; [[and]] = long, [[ram]] = wall) was a "dividing fall"<ref>{{S|14}}</ref> that ran across [[Beleriand]] west to east, from beyond [[Nargothrond]] to the [[Gates of Sirion]] and ending at [[Ramdal]], being three leagues in width from north to south.<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}, p. 262</ref> The wall was pierced in two places: the gorge of Nargothrond, through which flowed the River [[Narog]], and where the River [[Sirion]] ran underground from its falls south of the [[Aelin-uial]] to its reappearance at the [[Gates of Sirion]].<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref>

Its easternmost hill was [[Amon Ereb]], which usually was not considered a part of Andram (indeed ''Ramdal'' meant "Wall's End").<ref>{{S|Beleriand}}</ref>

On [[the Second 'Silmarillion' Map]], Andram is depicted as a long chain of hills, from the Falls of Sirion in the west to Rhamdal in the east, with a bend (not appearing in the [[Map of Beleriand and the Lands to the North]]) in the middle. These hills are barely visible on the original map because they are drawn in pencil, but they appear very clearly on the map drawn by Christopher Tolkien<ref>{{WJ|11}}, Sheet 4 - South-east, p.185</ref>.

{{references}}
[[Category:Hills]]
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Sindarin locations]]

[[de:Andram]]
[[fi:Andram]]
[[fr:encyclo/geographie/reliefs/beleriand/andram]]

Isle of Balar

2025-06-28T11:38:38Z

Airyn: Adding a link to the page of Tolkiendil encyclopedia

{{location infobox
| name=Isle of Balar
| image=Christopher Tolkien - Bay of Balar.jpg
| caption=Map drawn by [[Christopher Tolkien]] showing the Bay of Balar
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=South-west of the [[Bay of Balar]], on edge of [[Belegaer]]
| type=Island
| description=Large islands, eastern tip of what was [[Tol Eressëa]]
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Eldar]], [[Edain]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
}}
The '''Isle of Balar''' was a refugee camp of the [[Eldar]] and [[Edain]] of [[Beleriand]].

The Isle of Balar was located in the great [[Bay of Balar]] to the south of [[Beleriand]],<ref>{{S|Map}}</ref> and according to legend it was the eastern tip of [[Tol Eressëa]] which had broken off when [[Ulmo]] ferried the [[Eldar]] to [[Aman]].<ref>{{S|Princes}}</ref> In the shallow waters about the island could be found great numbers of pearls.<ref>{{S|Sindar}}</ref>

Before the [[Dagor Bragollach]], [[Elves of Nargothrond]], with ships built by the [[Falathrim]], explored the Isle of Balar considering it as a safe haven in time of need.<ref>{{S|14}}</ref> Some companies of [[Gondolindrim]] had been also sent there by [[Turgon]] to build ships and send some messengers to [[Aman]]; but none of those ships ever arrived and few returned.<ref>{{S|Fingolfin}}</ref>

During the [[Fall of the Falas]] some Falathrim survivors escaped the [[Havens of the Falas|Havens]] on ships, with [[Círdan]] and [[Gil-galad]]; they reached Balar where they established a safe refuge, keeping also a foothold of ships at the [[Mouths of Sirion]]. Hearing this, Turgon once more sent messengers there asking for Círdan's help. Círdan built seven ships to send to the West, but of them no news came to Balar; only one Elf, [[Voronwë]], survived and ever returned to [[Middle-earth]].<ref>{{S|Fifth}}</ref>

The two refugee camps held close contact, and [[Círdan]] assisted [[Eärendil]] of [[Arvernien]] in building the ship [[Vingilot]] ([[Vingilótë]]), with which he sought for [[Valinor]], to ask for the pardon of the [[Valar]].<ref>{{S|Earendil}}</ref>

From there many went to [[Lindon]] until the [[Elves]] were summoned to [[Valinor]], and the [[Edain]] to the new isle of [[Númenor]]. It is unknown whether or not the Isle of Balar survived beyond the First Age.

{{references}}
{{navigation
| title=Isle of Balar
| north-west=Belegaer
| north=[[Cape Balar]], [[Falas]] [[Arvernien]]
| north-east=[[Mouths of Sirion]], [[Nimbrethil]]
| west=[[Belegaer]]
| east=[[Bay of Balar]]
| south-west=Belegaer
| south=Belegaer
| south-east=Bay of Balar
|}}
[[Category:Beleriand]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[de:Balar (Insel)]]
[[fi:Balarin Saari]]
[[fr:/encyclo/geographie/eaux/iles/ile_de_balar]]

Isle of Balar

2025-06-28T08:15:52Z

Airyn: Correcting "i" to "í" for "Círdan"

Middle-earth: Journeys in Myth and Legend

2025-04-09T18:16:49Z

Airyn: Creating the page

{{book
|title=Middle-earth: Journeys in Myth and Legend
| image =
|author=[[Donato Giancola]]
|publisher=Dark Horse Books
|date=27 march, [[2019]]
|format=Hardcover
|pages=
|isbn=978-1-50671-086-0
}}
'''''Middle-earth: Journeys in Myth and Legend''''' is a collection of artwork by [[Donato Giancola]], inspired by [[J.R.R. Tolkien]]'s [[legendarium]].

==From the publisher==

{{blockquote|Nearly 200 stunningly realistic paintings and drawings bring the greatest fantasy epic of all time to life. Classical realism unites with contemporary storytelling as artist Donato Giancola explores the mythic grandeur and the iconic characters of J.R.R. Tolkien's ''The Lord of the Rings'' saga.

Donato has made it his lifes work to translate Tolkien's words into compelling visuals, with gorgeous oil paintings and drawings reminiscent of Rembrandt and Caravaggio. His interpretations of Middle-earth span his entire career, from private commissions to the 2001 edition of the graphic novel adaptation of ''The Hobbit'', all collected in this massive compendium--a must-have for collectors of Tolkien and fantasy.}}

==External links==

*[https://www.darkhorse.com/Books/3000-663/Middle-Earth-Journeys-in-Myth-and-Legend-HC Presentation] at Dark Horse

{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Art books]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

The Atlas of Middle-earth

2025-04-08T21:40:08Z

Airyn: Correcting "South Farthing" in "Southfarthing"

{{book
|title=The Atlas of Middle-Earth
| image = The Atlas of Middle-earth.jpg
|author=[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]]
|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]
|date=[[29 May]] [[1981]] 1991 (revised edition)
|format=Paperback
|pages=210
|noisbn=0395286654 (1981 first edition)
0395535166 (1991 revised edition)
0618126996 (2001 reprint, pictured)
}}

'''''The Atlas of Middle-earth''''' by [[Karen Wynn Fonstad]] is an atlas of various lands in [[Arda]]. It includes specific maps for ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit]]'', for which it is intended as a reading companion.

==Contents==
The maps are treated as if they are of real landscapes, and are drawn according to the same rules that a real atlas is drawn: for each area the history of the land is taken into account, as well as geography on a larger scale and from there maps are drawn. Discussion includes suggestions as to the geology that could explain various formations, and points that are contradictory between multiple accounts.

City maps and floor plans for important buildings are also included; these are very often useful for making sense of the narratives, especially in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. As well, many battles such as [[Battles of Beleriand|those]] of [[Beleriand]], the [[Last Alliance]] and the [[War of the Ring]] are illustrated.

The book was published in [[1981]], but in [[1991]] a revised and updated version was published, which took information from ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'' into account. In [[2001]], the publishers issued a reprint of the 1991 revised edition with a new cover (pictured) but identical contents.

Fonstad also made a bold attempt to fill the gaps by using early conceptual work, mainly from ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' and the ''[[Ambarkanta]]'', combining the later known maps with the sketches used by Tolkien to provide "world maps" of [[Arda]] in its entirety and show [[Aman]], [[Beleriand]]'s position relative to [[Eriador]], and the place of [[Númenor]] in the Sea.

It was, however, published before the final three volumes of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', and thus some maps are based on [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s early works, which were revised in later writings.

==Errors and criticism==
Despite being a thoroughly researched and well-respected reference book, the ''Atlas'' is known to contain several errors. However, a number of these were corrected in the revised edition, as noted below.

===Inconsistencies with earlier publications===
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains]] are shown in western [[Haradwaith]] south of the [[Great Gulf]] rather than in the [[Dark Land|Southlands]].<ref>{{SM|5b}} p. 239</ref>
*Page 13: Nogrod is shown north of Belegost, and both south of Mount Dolmed. ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' states that Belegost was "to the north of the great height of Mount Dolmed" and that Nogrod was the more southerly of the two.<ref>{{S|10}}</ref>
*Pages 39 and 88: On both pages, [[Drúwaith Iaur]] is shown north of the [[Ered Nimrais]] and south of the [[Angren]], and on page 39 extending east below the [[Adorn]]. In the Unfinished Tales map, Drúwaith Iaur is in the narrow area between the ocean and the southern Ered Nimrais, south of the mouth of the [[Angren]].<ref>{{UT|Index}}, "Map"</ref>
*Page 71: [[Hardbottle]] is shown in the [[Southfarthing]] rather than the [[Northfarthing]].<ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, p. 771</ref> Sackville, shown in the Southfarthing, is entirely invented (compare the [[Sackville Family]]).
*Page 89: [[Tarnost]] is shown as a city separate from [[Ethring]] though it may be a discarded name for the latter from early drafts.<ref>{{HM|AoL}}, p. 139</ref>
*Pages 92 and 93: [[Lithlad]] is shown in the south of [[Mordor]] rather than the northeast.
*Page 99: It is written that Bilbo gave the Arkenstone to the Elvenking and Bard on 22 November, then Dáin arrived in the early morning on 23 November. In ''The Hobbit'', [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] gave away the [[Arkenstone]] and then returned before midnight to wake up Bombur.<ref>{{H|Thief}}</ref> The next day, there was a new parley, it was revealed that the Elves and Men had the Arkenstone, and [[Thorin]] expelled Bilbo from the [[Lonely Mountain]]. On the ''next'' morning, Dáin arrived.<ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref> Fonstad's timeline has Dáin arrive in one day, while the text of ''The Hobbit'' has him arrive in two days. Either Dáin must have arrived on 24 November or Bilbo must have handed over the Arkenstone late on 21 November.
*Page 106: In ''The Hobbit'', when the Dwarves saw a fire off in the woods, "The light was ahead of them and to the ''left'' of the path".<ref>{{H|Flies}}</ref> In Fonstad's map, the Dwarves left the path to the right. ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 125: [[Combe]] is shown laying to the northwest of [[Staddle]] on the east side of the [[Bree-hill]], while in fact Combe should lie a little east of Staddle's location.<ref>{{FR|Sign}}</ref>

===Inconsistencies with later publications===
Both the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'' were written before the final three volumes of [[The History of Middle-earth]] were published, so at certain points it is contradicted by this later material. [[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]], which was published between the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'', is not taken into account in the revision.
*Page viii: [[Middle-earth]] dominates much of the northern hemisphere of [[Arda]] [[Changing of the World|made round]], with [[Forochel]] being high in the polar regions of the world and [[Umbar]] laying more than halfway southward between the northern pole and the [[Girdle of Arda|equator]].
**In [[Letter 294]], Tolkien confirms that [[Hobbiton]] is intended to be at the latitude of [[wikipedia:Oxford|Oxford]], with [[Minas Tirith]] 600 miles south being near to the latitude of [[wikipedia:Florence|Florence]]. With this information, it is clear that Middle-earth would be hardly as large as it appears on the ''Atlas'' map of a round Arda.
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Sea of Helcar]] is seen to cover the area of future [[Mordor]], [[Khand]], and [[Rhûn]], and the [[Sea of Rhûn]] and [[Sea of Núrnen]] are shown as its remnants.
**In ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', there are references to the Sea of Rhûn existing in the [[First Age]], as well as the forest to its northeast and the hills to its southwest, indicating that it must be separate from the Sea of Helcar.
*Pages 38 and 39: The western shores of [[Lindon]] and the [[Ethir Anduin]] are shown to exist in the [[Second Age]] of the world as they did in the [[Third Age]].
**''The Peoples of Middle-earth'' tells that during the [[Akallabêth|Downfall of Númenor]], Lindon lost much land to the advancing shores, while the eastern and southern portions of the [[Bay of Belfalas]] retreated back, putting the city of [[Pelargir]], which had been only a few miles from the coast, much farther inland.
* The [[Little Lune]] river appears on many maps but is never labeled, because its name was first published in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]''.<ref>{{PM|Atani}} p.313</ref>

===Internal inconsistencies===
*Pages 12 and 53: [[Dorthonion]] and [[Himring]] are slightly above parallel J, but [[Tol Fuin]] and [[Himling]] are shown further north, above parallel I.
*Pages 38 and 41: [[Belegost]] has been moved 150 miles further south than previously shown to the middle of the southern [[Blue Mountains]].
*Pages 53, 76, and 80: On page 53, [[Rhosgobel]] is located near the border of [[Mirkwood]] well ''south'' of the [[Old Forest Road]], due east of [[Moria]]. On pages 76 and 80, Rhosgobel is still at the edge of the forest, but ''north'' of the Old Forest Road. One or the other location should have been used, not both.
**In ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', it is stated that in December of [[TA|TA3019]], scouts "had climbed the pass at the source of the [[Gladden River]], and had come down into [[Rhovanion|Wilderland]] and over the [[Gladden Fields]] and so at length had reached the old home of [[Radagast]] at Rhosgobel", which supports the page 53 location.<ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref>
**In ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Christopher Tolkien]] states that Rhosgobel was "in the forest borders between the [[Carrock]] and the Old Forest Road".<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, Note 4</ref>
*Pages 89 and 210: In the map on p. 89, [[Tarnost]] is located in Q-34, but the "Index of Selected Place Names" on p. 210 places it at R-35.
*Pages 97 and 200: In the text of p. 97, Fonstad refers to the book ''[[Journeys of Frodo]]'' by Barbara Strachey, but there is no reference to this work in "Selected References" on pp. 200–201.
*Page 144: In the upper-right inset, the cleft of the brazen gate (which appears in the upper-left inset) is not depicted.
*Pages 205 and 209: The index entry "Grey Mountains" is a mix of references to the "[[Grey Mountains]]" (or Ered Mithrin, located at coordinates I-35) and the "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" (located at coordinates V/Zh-30). Additionally, the index entry "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" is incomplete. A more complete and accurate list of maps on which each set of Grey Mountains appear and are labeled is as follows (they appear unlabeled on many more):
**Northern: pp. 53, 65, 76, 80
**Southern: pp. 2, 4, 38

===Typographical errors===
*Page 2: [[Mountains of the Wind|Mts. of the Wind]] is written as "Mts. of the World".
*Page 2: [[Sea of Ringil]] is written as "Sea of Ringol".
*Page 7: [[Ezellohar]] is written as "Ezollahar". [[Ilmarin]] is written as "Ilmaren". [[Tol Eressëa|Eressëa]] is written as "Erresëa". [[Hyarmentir]] is written as "Hyamentir".
*Pages 6 and 38: [[Avallónë]] is written as "Avalónnë" and "Avalonnë", respectively.
*Pages 7 and 38: [[Alqualondë]] is written as "Aqualondë" and "Aqualóndë", respectively.
*Page 13: [[Gabilgathol]] is written as "Gabilgathod".
*Page 53: [[Caras Galadhon]] is written as "Caras Galadon".
*Page 58 : River [[Lhûn|Lune]] is written "River Lûne".
*Page 71: [[Tuckborough]] is written as "Tuckburrow".
*Page 113: [[Bolg]] is written as "Borg".<ref name="Burst"/> ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 135: [[Methedras]] is written as "Mathedras".
*Page 139: "[[Fen Hollen]]" is written "Fen Hollin".
*Page 148: [[Gamling|Gamling the Old]] is written as "Gambling the Old".
*Pages 189 and 190: [[Khuzdul]], the language of the [[Dwarves]], is labeled as "[[Khazâd]]".
*Page 204, index : "[[Eryn Vorn]]" is written "Eryn Vron".
*Page 204, index : "[[Annon-In-Gelydh]]" is written "Annon-In-Gadydh", at the entry "Gate of the Noldor".
*Page 205, index : "[[Glǽmscrafu]]" is written "Glumscrafu".
*Page 205, index : "[[Haerast]]" is written "Haerest".
*Page 207, index : the pages refering to [[Ringlo]] ("12, 21") are the same than [[Ringwil]], and therefore are incorrect.
*Page 208, index : "[[Southfarthing]]" is written "Sourth Farthing".
*Page 209, index : "Eredhithui", an earlier name of the [[Misty Mountains]], is written "Ered Hithui".
*Page 210, index : "Entish Dale" is written "Entish Dle", at the entry "[[Ettenmoors|Hoardale]]".
*Page 210, index : "[[Murmuran]]", the house of Lórien in Valinor, is written "Mumuran".
*Page 210, index : "[[Noman-lands|Uvanwaith]]" is written "Ovanwaith" and therefore misplaced in the index.

===Use of early sources===
Fonstad uses early names from the ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One|Book of Lost Tales]]'' era of Tolkien's development of the [[legendarium]] for some locations, particularly in [[Aman]] and [[Tol Eressëa]].

In [[Aman]], Fonstad identifies the place where [[Mandos]] delivered the [[Doom of the Noldor]] with the early name "[[Hanstovánen]]" rather than [[Araman]]. She also describes various dwellings of the [[Valar]] in [[Valinor]]. In the Second Age map of [[Tol Eressëa]], she uses the early names [[Tavrobel]] and [[Kortirion]], rather than the later names "Tathrobel" and "Cortirion" for the same places.<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}</ref> In the map of [[Gondolin]], she identifies several landmarks that are only said to exist in the earliest works.

Incorporation of these names and places on equal footing with those from later in the legendarium's evolution is questionable, but Fonstad seems to have been aware of the potential issues and explicitly notes in the accompanying text the speculative nature of the maps of the Undying Lands.

===="Dor Daidelos"====
One clear error relating to use of early materials appears on the maps of the far north of Beleriand in the First Age printed on pages 4, 5, and 15. In the ''Atlas'', the lands at the foot of [[Thangorodrim]] are labeled "[[Dor Daedeloth]] (Land of Shadow Horror)" on various maps, while the wide region north of the [[Ered Engrin]] is labeled "Dor Daidelos (Region of Everlasting Cold)" (the p. 15 map uses "Regions" plural).

However, the published ''Silmarillion'' uses "Dor Daedeloth" (Land of the Shadow of Horror) as the name for the northern lands under the control of Morgoth without distinguishing the regions north and south of the mountains.<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry "Dor Daedeloth"</ref> The name "Daidelos" for the lands north of the Ered Engrin was used only on Ambarkanta Map V; in other draft material this was changed or corrected variously to "Dor-na-Dhaideloth ('Sky-roof')," "Daideloth ('High plain')," "Dor-Daidelos," "Dor-Daedeloth," and, ultimately, "Dor Daedeloth" as it appears in the published ''Silmarillion''.<ref>{{SM|Index}}, entry "Dor-Daideloth"</ref> It seems clear from this documented evolutionary process that Tolkien intended "Dor Daedeloth" to be equivalent to, and a replacement of, the earlier term "Daidelos," not for the two to be separate coexisting regions.

As such, the label "Dor Daidelos" is in error in three ways: First, the lands north of the Ered Engrin should share the name "Dor Daedeloth" with the lands in the shadow of Thangorodrim to the south. Second, the spelling "Dor Daidelos," unhyphenated, never appears in any primary source material. Third, the translation "Region(s) of Everlasting Cold" is entirely unattested and appears to be Fonstad's own invention.

== Translated editions ==
* ''Atlas de la Tierra Media'' (Spanish), editor Timun Mas Narrativa, 1993.
* ''L'atlante della Terra-di-mezzo di Tolkien'' (Italian), editor Rusconi Libri, 1997, translated by Isabella Murro.
* ''Atlas Středozemě'' (Czech), editor Mladá fronta, 1998, translated by Stanislava Pošustová-Menšíková.
* ''Historischer Atlas von Mittelerde'' (German), editor Klett-Cotta, translated by Hans J. Schütz. The first german edition was published in 2001.
* ''Atlas Śródziemia'' (Polish), editor Wydawnictwo Amber, 2016, translated by Tadeusz Andrzej Olszański.
* ''Középfölde atlasza'' (Hungarian), editor Cicero, 2017, translated by Gabriella Buki, Tamás Füzessy, and Balázs Tallian.
* ''O Atlas da Terra-média'' (Portuguese), HarperCollins Brasil, 2022, translated by Cristina Casagrande.
* ''L'Atlas de la Terre du Milieu'' (French), Bragelonne, 2022, translated by Daniel Lauzon. All the maps were redrawn by the freelance illustrator Stéphane Arson in a similar style than Fonstad but modernized.
* A Japanese edition was published in 2002.

== External links ==
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?913898 List] of English-language versions of the first edition
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?468211 List] of English-language versions of the revised edition
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/karen_wynn_fonstad_-_atlas_terre_du_milieu Webpage] about the ''Atlas'' on Tolkiendil.com (French language)
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/critiques/atlas_fonstad_premiere_edition Webpage] on the first edition on Tolkiendil.com (French language)

{{References}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlas of Middle-earth, The}}
{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Map books]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

Murmuran

2025-04-08T21:35:45Z

Airyn: Creating the page

{{sources}}
{{location infobox
| name=Murmuran
| image=
| caption=
| pronun=
| othernames=
| location=[[Aman]]
| type=
| description=house of [[Irmo|Lórien]]
| regions=
| towns=
| inhabitants=[[Irmo|Lórien]]
| created=
| destroyed=
| events=
| gallery=
}}
'''Murmuran''' is the house of [[Irmo|Lórien]] in Valinor. The house was formed from mist, with a vast garden where [[Silmo]] watered [[Silpion]]. The borders of the pools of Murmuran are inhabited by [[glowworms]].

{{valardwellings}}
{{references}}
[[Category:Buildings]]
[[Category:Locations in The Book of Lost Tales]]
[[Category:Valinor]]

The Atlas of Middle-earth

2025-04-08T21:24:42Z

Airyn: Some typos found in the index

{{book
|title=The Atlas of Middle-Earth
| image = The Atlas of Middle-earth.jpg
|author=[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]]
|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]
|date=[[29 May]] [[1981]] 1991 (revised edition)
|format=Paperback
|pages=210
|noisbn=0395286654 (1981 first edition)
0395535166 (1991 revised edition)
0618126996 (2001 reprint, pictured)
}}

'''''The Atlas of Middle-earth''''' by [[Karen Wynn Fonstad]] is an atlas of various lands in [[Arda]]. It includes specific maps for ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit]]'', for which it is intended as a reading companion.

==Contents==
The maps are treated as if they are of real landscapes, and are drawn according to the same rules that a real atlas is drawn: for each area the history of the land is taken into account, as well as geography on a larger scale and from there maps are drawn. Discussion includes suggestions as to the geology that could explain various formations, and points that are contradictory between multiple accounts.

City maps and floor plans for important buildings are also included; these are very often useful for making sense of the narratives, especially in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. As well, many battles such as [[Battles of Beleriand|those]] of [[Beleriand]], the [[Last Alliance]] and the [[War of the Ring]] are illustrated.

The book was published in [[1981]], but in [[1991]] a revised and updated version was published, which took information from ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'' into account. In [[2001]], the publishers issued a reprint of the 1991 revised edition with a new cover (pictured) but identical contents.

Fonstad also made a bold attempt to fill the gaps by using early conceptual work, mainly from ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' and the ''[[Ambarkanta]]'', combining the later known maps with the sketches used by Tolkien to provide "world maps" of [[Arda]] in its entirety and show [[Aman]], [[Beleriand]]'s position relative to [[Eriador]], and the place of [[Númenor]] in the Sea.

It was, however, published before the final three volumes of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', and thus some maps are based on [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s early works, which were revised in later writings.

==Errors and criticism==
Despite being a thoroughly researched and well-respected reference book, the ''Atlas'' is known to contain several errors. However, a number of these were corrected in the revised edition, as noted below.

===Inconsistencies with earlier publications===
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains]] are shown in western [[Haradwaith]] south of the [[Great Gulf]] rather than in the [[Dark Land|Southlands]].<ref>{{SM|5b}} p. 239</ref>
*Page 13: Nogrod is shown north of Belegost, and both south of Mount Dolmed. ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' states that Belegost was "to the north of the great height of Mount Dolmed" and that Nogrod was the more southerly of the two.<ref>{{S|10}}</ref>
*Pages 39 and 88: On both pages, [[Drúwaith Iaur]] is shown north of the [[Ered Nimrais]] and south of the [[Angren]], and on page 39 extending east below the [[Adorn]]. In the Unfinished Tales map, Drúwaith Iaur is in the narrow area between the ocean and the southern Ered Nimrais, south of the mouth of the [[Angren]].<ref>{{UT|Index}}, "Map"</ref>
*Page 71: [[Hardbottle]] is shown in the [[Southfarthing]] rather than the [[Northfarthing]].<ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, p. 771</ref> Sackville, shown in the Southfarthing, is entirely invented (compare the [[Sackville Family]]).
*Page 89: [[Tarnost]] is shown as a city separate from [[Ethring]] though it may be a discarded name for the latter from early drafts.<ref>{{HM|AoL}}, p. 139</ref>
*Pages 92 and 93: [[Lithlad]] is shown in the south of [[Mordor]] rather than the northeast.
*Page 99: It is written that Bilbo gave the Arkenstone to the Elvenking and Bard on 22 November, then Dáin arrived in the early morning on 23 November. In ''The Hobbit'', [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] gave away the [[Arkenstone]] and then returned before midnight to wake up Bombur.<ref>{{H|Thief}}</ref> The next day, there was a new parley, it was revealed that the Elves and Men had the Arkenstone, and [[Thorin]] expelled Bilbo from the [[Lonely Mountain]]. On the ''next'' morning, Dáin arrived.<ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref> Fonstad's timeline has Dáin arrive in one day, while the text of ''The Hobbit'' has him arrive in two days. Either Dáin must have arrived on 24 November or Bilbo must have handed over the Arkenstone late on 21 November.
*Page 106: In ''The Hobbit'', when the Dwarves saw a fire off in the woods, "The light was ahead of them and to the ''left'' of the path".<ref>{{H|Flies}}</ref> In Fonstad's map, the Dwarves left the path to the right. ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 125: [[Combe]] is shown laying to the northwest of [[Staddle]] on the east side of the [[Bree-hill]], while in fact Combe should lie a little east of Staddle's location.<ref>{{FR|Sign}}</ref>

===Inconsistencies with later publications===
Both the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'' were written before the final three volumes of [[The History of Middle-earth]] were published, so at certain points it is contradicted by this later material. [[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]], which was published between the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'', is not taken into account in the revision.
*Page viii: [[Middle-earth]] dominates much of the northern hemisphere of [[Arda]] [[Changing of the World|made round]], with [[Forochel]] being high in the polar regions of the world and [[Umbar]] laying more than halfway southward between the northern pole and the [[Girdle of Arda|equator]].
**In [[Letter 294]], Tolkien confirms that [[Hobbiton]] is intended to be at the latitude of [[wikipedia:Oxford|Oxford]], with [[Minas Tirith]] 600 miles south being near to the latitude of [[wikipedia:Florence|Florence]]. With this information, it is clear that Middle-earth would be hardly as large as it appears on the ''Atlas'' map of a round Arda.
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Sea of Helcar]] is seen to cover the area of future [[Mordor]], [[Khand]], and [[Rhûn]], and the [[Sea of Rhûn]] and [[Sea of Núrnen]] are shown as its remnants.
**In ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', there are references to the Sea of Rhûn existing in the [[First Age]], as well as the forest to its northeast and the hills to its southwest, indicating that it must be separate from the Sea of Helcar.
*Pages 38 and 39: The western shores of [[Lindon]] and the [[Ethir Anduin]] are shown to exist in the [[Second Age]] of the world as they did in the [[Third Age]].
**''The Peoples of Middle-earth'' tells that during the [[Akallabêth|Downfall of Númenor]], Lindon lost much land to the advancing shores, while the eastern and southern portions of the [[Bay of Belfalas]] retreated back, putting the city of [[Pelargir]], which had been only a few miles from the coast, much farther inland.
* The [[Little Lune]] river appears on many maps but is never labeled, because its name was first published in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]''.<ref>{{PM|Atani}} p.313</ref>

===Internal inconsistencies===
*Pages 12 and 53: [[Dorthonion]] and [[Himring]] are slightly above parallel J, but [[Tol Fuin]] and [[Himling]] are shown further north, above parallel I.
*Pages 38 and 41: [[Belegost]] has been moved 150 miles further south than previously shown to the middle of the southern [[Blue Mountains]].
*Pages 53, 76, and 80: On page 53, [[Rhosgobel]] is located near the border of [[Mirkwood]] well ''south'' of the [[Old Forest Road]], due east of [[Moria]]. On pages 76 and 80, Rhosgobel is still at the edge of the forest, but ''north'' of the Old Forest Road. One or the other location should have been used, not both.
**In ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', it is stated that in December of [[TA|TA3019]], scouts "had climbed the pass at the source of the [[Gladden River]], and had come down into [[Rhovanion|Wilderland]] and over the [[Gladden Fields]] and so at length had reached the old home of [[Radagast]] at Rhosgobel", which supports the page 53 location.<ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref>
**In ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Christopher Tolkien]] states that Rhosgobel was "in the forest borders between the [[Carrock]] and the Old Forest Road".<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, Note 4</ref>
*Pages 89 and 210: In the map on p. 89, [[Tarnost]] is located in Q-34, but the "Index of Selected Place Names" on p. 210 places it at R-35.
*Pages 97 and 200: In the text of p. 97, Fonstad refers to the book ''[[Journeys of Frodo]]'' by Barbara Strachey, but there is no reference to this work in "Selected References" on pp. 200–201.
*Page 144: In the upper-right inset, the cleft of the brazen gate (which appears in the upper-left inset) is not depicted.
*Pages 205 and 209: The index entry "Grey Mountains" is a mix of references to the "[[Grey Mountains]]" (or Ered Mithrin, located at coordinates I-35) and the "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" (located at coordinates V/Zh-30). Additionally, the index entry "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" is incomplete. A more complete and accurate list of maps on which each set of Grey Mountains appear and are labeled is as follows (they appear unlabeled on many more):
**Northern: pp. 53, 65, 76, 80
**Southern: pp. 2, 4, 38

===Typographical errors===
*Page 2: [[Mountains of the Wind|Mts. of the Wind]] is written as "Mts. of the World".
*Page 2: [[Sea of Ringil]] is written as "Sea of Ringol".
*Page 7: [[Ezellohar]] is written as "Ezollahar". [[Ilmarin]] is written as "Ilmaren". [[Tol Eressëa|Eressëa]] is written as "Erresëa". [[Hyarmentir]] is written as "Hyamentir".
*Pages 6 and 38: [[Avallónë]] is written as "Avalónnë" and "Avalonnë", respectively.
*Pages 7 and 38: [[Alqualondë]] is written as "Aqualondë" and "Aqualóndë", respectively.
*Page 13: [[Gabilgathol]] is written as "Gabilgathod".
*Page 53: [[Caras Galadhon]] is written as "Caras Galadon".
*Page 58 : River [[Lhûn|Lune]] is written "River Lûne".
*Page 71: [[Tuckborough]] is written as "Tuckburrow".
*Page 113: [[Bolg]] is written as "Borg".<ref name="Burst"/> ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 135: [[Methedras]] is written as "Mathedras".
*Page 139: "[[Fen Hollen]]" is written "Fen Hollin".
*Page 148: [[Gamling|Gamling the Old]] is written as "Gambling the Old".
*Pages 189 and 190: [[Khuzdul]], the language of the [[Dwarves]], is labeled as "[[Khazâd]]".
*Page 204, index : "[[Eryn Vorn]]" is written "Eryn Vron".
*Page 204, index : "[[Annon-In-Gelydh]]" is written "Annon-In-Gadydh", at the entry "Gate of the Noldor".
*Page 205, index : "[[Glǽmscrafu]]" is written "Glumscrafu".
*Page 205, index : "[[Haerast]]" is written "Haerest".
*Page 207, index : the pages refering to [[Ringlo]] ("12, 21") are the same than [[Ringwil]], and therefore are incorrect.
*Page 208, index : "[[South Farthing]]" is written "Sourth Farthing".
*Page 209, index : "Eredhithui", an earlier name of the [[Misty Mountains]], is written "Ered Hithui".
*Page 210, index : "Entish Dale" is written "Entish Dle", at the entry "[[Ettenmoors|Hoardale]]".
*Page 210, index : "[[Murmuran]]", the house of Lórien in Valinor, is written "Mumuran".
*Page 210, index : "[[Noman-lands|Uvanwaith]]" is written "Ovanwaith" and therefore misplaced in the index.

===Use of early sources===
Fonstad uses early names from the ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One|Book of Lost Tales]]'' era of Tolkien's development of the [[legendarium]] for some locations, particularly in [[Aman]] and [[Tol Eressëa]].

In [[Aman]], Fonstad identifies the place where [[Mandos]] delivered the [[Doom of the Noldor]] with the early name "[[Hanstovánen]]" rather than [[Araman]]. She also describes various dwellings of the [[Valar]] in [[Valinor]]. In the Second Age map of [[Tol Eressëa]], she uses the early names [[Tavrobel]] and [[Kortirion]], rather than the later names "Tathrobel" and "Cortirion" for the same places.<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}</ref> In the map of [[Gondolin]], she identifies several landmarks that are only said to exist in the earliest works.

Incorporation of these names and places on equal footing with those from later in the legendarium's evolution is questionable, but Fonstad seems to have been aware of the potential issues and explicitly notes in the accompanying text the speculative nature of the maps of the Undying Lands.

===="Dor Daidelos"====
One clear error relating to use of early materials appears on the maps of the far north of Beleriand in the First Age printed on pages 4, 5, and 15. In the ''Atlas'', the lands at the foot of [[Thangorodrim]] are labeled "[[Dor Daedeloth]] (Land of Shadow Horror)" on various maps, while the wide region north of the [[Ered Engrin]] is labeled "Dor Daidelos (Region of Everlasting Cold)" (the p. 15 map uses "Regions" plural).

However, the published ''Silmarillion'' uses "Dor Daedeloth" (Land of the Shadow of Horror) as the name for the northern lands under the control of Morgoth without distinguishing the regions north and south of the mountains.<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry "Dor Daedeloth"</ref> The name "Daidelos" for the lands north of the Ered Engrin was used only on Ambarkanta Map V; in other draft material this was changed or corrected variously to "Dor-na-Dhaideloth ('Sky-roof')," "Daideloth ('High plain')," "Dor-Daidelos," "Dor-Daedeloth," and, ultimately, "Dor Daedeloth" as it appears in the published ''Silmarillion''.<ref>{{SM|Index}}, entry "Dor-Daideloth"</ref> It seems clear from this documented evolutionary process that Tolkien intended "Dor Daedeloth" to be equivalent to, and a replacement of, the earlier term "Daidelos," not for the two to be separate coexisting regions.

As such, the label "Dor Daidelos" is in error in three ways: First, the lands north of the Ered Engrin should share the name "Dor Daedeloth" with the lands in the shadow of Thangorodrim to the south. Second, the spelling "Dor Daidelos," unhyphenated, never appears in any primary source material. Third, the translation "Region(s) of Everlasting Cold" is entirely unattested and appears to be Fonstad's own invention.

== Translated editions ==
* ''Atlas de la Tierra Media'' (Spanish), editor Timun Mas Narrativa, 1993.
* ''L'atlante della Terra-di-mezzo di Tolkien'' (Italian), editor Rusconi Libri, 1997, translated by Isabella Murro.
* ''Atlas Středozemě'' (Czech), editor Mladá fronta, 1998, translated by Stanislava Pošustová-Menšíková.
* ''Historischer Atlas von Mittelerde'' (German), editor Klett-Cotta, translated by Hans J. Schütz. The first german edition was published in 2001.
* ''Atlas Śródziemia'' (Polish), editor Wydawnictwo Amber, 2016, translated by Tadeusz Andrzej Olszański.
* ''Középfölde atlasza'' (Hungarian), editor Cicero, 2017, translated by Gabriella Buki, Tamás Füzessy, and Balázs Tallian.
* ''O Atlas da Terra-média'' (Portuguese), HarperCollins Brasil, 2022, translated by Cristina Casagrande.
* ''L'Atlas de la Terre du Milieu'' (French), Bragelonne, 2022, translated by Daniel Lauzon. All the maps were redrawn by the freelance illustrator Stéphane Arson in a similar style than Fonstad but modernized.
* A Japanese edition was published in 2002.

== External links ==
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?913898 List] of English-language versions of the first edition
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?468211 List] of English-language versions of the revised edition
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/karen_wynn_fonstad_-_atlas_terre_du_milieu Webpage] about the ''Atlas'' on Tolkiendil.com (French language)
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/critiques/atlas_fonstad_premiere_edition Webpage] on the first edition on Tolkiendil.com (French language)

{{References}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlas of Middle-earth, The}}
{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Map books]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]

The Atlas of Middle-earth

2025-04-07T21:49:35Z

Airyn: /* Typographical errors */

{{book
|title=The Atlas of Middle-Earth
| image = The Atlas of Middle-earth.jpg
|author=[[Karen Wynn Fonstad]]
|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]]
|date=[[29 May]] [[1981]] 1991 (revised edition)
|format=Paperback
|pages=210
|noisbn=0395286654 (1981 first edition)
0395535166 (1991 revised edition)
0618126996 (2001 reprint, pictured)
}}

'''''The Atlas of Middle-earth''''' by [[Karen Wynn Fonstad]] is an atlas of various lands in [[Arda]]. It includes specific maps for ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit]]'', for which it is intended as a reading companion.

==Contents==
The maps are treated as if they are of real landscapes, and are drawn according to the same rules that a real atlas is drawn: for each area the history of the land is taken into account, as well as geography on a larger scale and from there maps are drawn. Discussion includes suggestions as to the geology that could explain various formations, and points that are contradictory between multiple accounts.

City maps and floor plans for important buildings are also included; these are very often useful for making sense of the narratives, especially in ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''. As well, many battles such as [[Battles of Beleriand|those]] of [[Beleriand]], the [[Last Alliance]] and the [[War of the Ring]] are illustrated.

The book was published in [[1981]], but in [[1991]] a revised and updated version was published, which took information from ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'' into account. In [[2001]], the publishers issued a reprint of the 1991 revised edition with a new cover (pictured) but identical contents.

Fonstad also made a bold attempt to fill the gaps by using early conceptual work, mainly from ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One]]'' and the ''[[Ambarkanta]]'', combining the later known maps with the sketches used by Tolkien to provide "world maps" of [[Arda]] in its entirety and show [[Aman]], [[Beleriand]]'s position relative to [[Eriador]], and the place of [[Númenor]] in the Sea.

It was, however, published before the final three volumes of ''[[The History of Middle-earth]]'', and thus some maps are based on [[J.R.R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s early works, which were revised in later writings.

==Errors and criticism==
Despite being a thoroughly researched and well-respected reference book, the ''Atlas'' is known to contain several errors. However, a number of these were corrected in the revised edition, as noted below.

===Inconsistencies with earlier publications===
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains]] are shown in western [[Haradwaith]] south of the [[Great Gulf]] rather than in the [[Dark Land|Southlands]].<ref>{{SM|5b}} p. 239</ref>
*Page 13: Nogrod is shown north of Belegost, and both south of Mount Dolmed. ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' states that Belegost was "to the north of the great height of Mount Dolmed" and that Nogrod was the more southerly of the two.<ref>{{S|10}}</ref>
*Pages 39 and 88: On both pages, [[Drúwaith Iaur]] is shown north of the [[Ered Nimrais]] and south of the [[Angren]], and on page 39 extending east below the [[Adorn]]. In the Unfinished Tales map, Drúwaith Iaur is in the narrow area between the ocean and the southern Ered Nimrais, south of the mouth of the [[Angren]].<ref>{{UT|Index}}, "Map"</ref>
*Page 71: [[Hardbottle]] is shown in the [[Southfarthing]] rather than the [[Northfarthing]].<ref name="Nomen">{{HM|N}}, p. 771</ref> Sackville, shown in the Southfarthing, is entirely invented (compare the [[Sackville Family]]).
*Page 89: [[Tarnost]] is shown as a city separate from [[Ethring]] though it may be a discarded name for the latter from early drafts.<ref>{{HM|AoL}}, p. 139</ref>
*Pages 92 and 93: [[Lithlad]] is shown in the south of [[Mordor]] rather than the northeast.
*Page 99: It is written that Bilbo gave the Arkenstone to the Elvenking and Bard on 22 November, then Dáin arrived in the early morning on 23 November. In ''The Hobbit'', [[Bilbo Baggins|Bilbo]] gave away the [[Arkenstone]] and then returned before midnight to wake up Bombur.<ref>{{H|Thief}}</ref> The next day, there was a new parley, it was revealed that the Elves and Men had the Arkenstone, and [[Thorin]] expelled Bilbo from the [[Lonely Mountain]]. On the ''next'' morning, Dáin arrived.<ref name="Burst">{{H|Burst}}</ref> Fonstad's timeline has Dáin arrive in one day, while the text of ''The Hobbit'' has him arrive in two days. Either Dáin must have arrived on 24 November or Bilbo must have handed over the Arkenstone late on 21 November.
*Page 106: In ''The Hobbit'', when the Dwarves saw a fire off in the woods, "The light was ahead of them and to the ''left'' of the path".<ref>{{H|Flies}}</ref> In Fonstad's map, the Dwarves left the path to the right. ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 125: [[Combe]] is shown laying to the northwest of [[Staddle]] on the east side of the [[Bree-hill]], while in fact Combe should lie a little east of Staddle's location.<ref>{{FR|Sign}}</ref>

===Inconsistencies with later publications===
Both the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'' were written before the final three volumes of [[The History of Middle-earth]] were published, so at certain points it is contradicted by this later material. [[The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien]], which was published between the first and second editions of the ''Atlas'', is not taken into account in the revision.
*Page viii: [[Middle-earth]] dominates much of the northern hemisphere of [[Arda]] [[Changing of the World|made round]], with [[Forochel]] being high in the polar regions of the world and [[Umbar]] laying more than halfway southward between the northern pole and the [[Girdle of Arda|equator]].
**In [[Letter 294]], Tolkien confirms that [[Hobbiton]] is intended to be at the latitude of [[wikipedia:Oxford|Oxford]], with [[Minas Tirith]] 600 miles south being near to the latitude of [[wikipedia:Florence|Florence]]. With this information, it is clear that Middle-earth would be hardly as large as it appears on the ''Atlas'' map of a round Arda.
*Pages 4 and 5: The [[Sea of Helcar]] is seen to cover the area of future [[Mordor]], [[Khand]], and [[Rhûn]], and the [[Sea of Rhûn]] and [[Sea of Núrnen]] are shown as its remnants.
**In ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]'', there are references to the Sea of Rhûn existing in the [[First Age]], as well as the forest to its northeast and the hills to its southwest, indicating that it must be separate from the Sea of Helcar.
*Pages 38 and 39: The western shores of [[Lindon]] and the [[Ethir Anduin]] are shown to exist in the [[Second Age]] of the world as they did in the [[Third Age]].
**''The Peoples of Middle-earth'' tells that during the [[Akallabêth|Downfall of Númenor]], Lindon lost much land to the advancing shores, while the eastern and southern portions of the [[Bay of Belfalas]] retreated back, putting the city of [[Pelargir]], which had been only a few miles from the coast, much farther inland.
* The [[Little Lune]] river appears on many maps but is never labeled, because its name was first published in ''[[The Peoples of Middle-earth]]''.<ref>{{PM|Atani}} p.313</ref>

===Internal inconsistencies===
*Pages 12 and 53: [[Dorthonion]] and [[Himring]] are slightly above parallel J, but [[Tol Fuin]] and [[Himling]] are shown further north, above parallel I.
*Pages 38 and 41: [[Belegost]] has been moved 150 miles further south than previously shown to the middle of the southern [[Blue Mountains]].
*Pages 53, 76, and 80: On page 53, [[Rhosgobel]] is located near the border of [[Mirkwood]] well ''south'' of the [[Old Forest Road]], due east of [[Moria]]. On pages 76 and 80, Rhosgobel is still at the edge of the forest, but ''north'' of the Old Forest Road. One or the other location should have been used, not both.
**In ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]'', it is stated that in December of [[TA|TA3019]], scouts "had climbed the pass at the source of the [[Gladden River]], and had come down into [[Rhovanion|Wilderland]] and over the [[Gladden Fields]] and so at length had reached the old home of [[Radagast]] at Rhosgobel", which supports the page 53 location.<ref>{{FR|II3}}</ref>
**In ''[[Unfinished Tales]]'', [[Christopher Tolkien]] states that Rhosgobel was "in the forest borders between the [[Carrock]] and the Old Forest Road".<ref>{{UT|Istari}}, Note 4</ref>
*Pages 89 and 210: In the map on p. 89, [[Tarnost]] is located in Q-34, but the "Index of Selected Place Names" on p. 210 places it at R-35.
*Pages 97 and 200: In the text of p. 97, Fonstad refers to the book ''[[Journeys of Frodo]]'' by Barbara Strachey, but there is no reference to this work in "Selected References" on pp. 200–201.
*Page 144: In the upper-right inset, the cleft of the brazen gate (which appears in the upper-left inset) is not depicted.
*Pages 205 and 209: The index entry "Grey Mountains" is a mix of references to the "[[Grey Mountains]]" (or Ered Mithrin, located at coordinates I-35) and the "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" (located at coordinates V/Zh-30). Additionally, the index entry "[[Grey Mountains (ancient)|Grey Mountains (of the South)]]" is incomplete. A more complete and accurate list of maps on which each set of Grey Mountains appear and are labeled is as follows (they appear unlabeled on many more):
**Northern: pp. 53, 65, 76, 80
**Southern: pp. 2, 4, 38

===Typographical errors===
*Page 2: [[Mountains of the Wind|Mts. of the Wind]] is written as "Mts. of the World".
*Page 2: [[Sea of Ringil]] is written as "Sea of Ringol".
*Page 7: [[Ezellohar]] is written as "Ezollahar". [[Ilmarin]] is written as "Ilmaren". [[Tol Eressëa|Eressëa]] is written as "Erresëa". [[Hyarmentir]] is written as "Hyamentir".
*Pages 6 and 38: [[Avallónë]] is written as "Avalónnë" and "Avalonnë", respectively.
*Pages 7 and 38: [[Alqualondë]] is written as "Aqualondë" and "Aqualóndë", respectively.
*Page 13: [[Gabilgathol]] is written as "Gabilgathod".
*Page 53: [[Caras Galadhon]] is written as "Caras Galadon".
*Page 58 : River [[Lhûn|Lune]] is written "River Lûne".
*Page 71: [[Tuckborough]] is written as "Tuckburrow".
*Page 113: [[Bolg]] is written as "Borg".<ref name="Burst"/> ''(Corrected in 2nd edition.)''
*Page 135: [[Methedras]] is written as "Mathedras".
*Page 148: [[Gamling|Gamling the Old]] is written as "Gambling the Old".
*Pages 189 and 190: [[Khuzdul]], the language of the [[Dwarves]], is labeled as "[[Khazâd]]".
*Page 209, index : "Eredhithui", an earlier name of the [[Misty Mountains]], is written "Ered Hithui".
*Page 210, index : "[[Noman-lands|Uvanwaith]]" is written "Ovanwaith" and therefore misplaced in the index.

===Use of early sources===
Fonstad uses early names from the ''[[The Book of Lost Tales Part One|Book of Lost Tales]]'' era of Tolkien's development of the [[legendarium]] for some locations, particularly in [[Aman]] and [[Tol Eressëa]].

In [[Aman]], Fonstad identifies the place where [[Mandos]] delivered the [[Doom of the Noldor]] with the early name "[[Hanstovánen]]" rather than [[Araman]]. She also describes various dwellings of the [[Valar]] in [[Valinor]]. In the Second Age map of [[Tol Eressëa]], she uses the early names [[Tavrobel]] and [[Kortirion]], rather than the later names "Tathrobel" and "Cortirion" for the same places.<ref>{{LR|Quenta}}</ref> In the map of [[Gondolin]], she identifies several landmarks that are only said to exist in the earliest works.

Incorporation of these names and places on equal footing with those from later in the legendarium's evolution is questionable, but Fonstad seems to have been aware of the potential issues and explicitly notes in the accompanying text the speculative nature of the maps of the Undying Lands.

===="Dor Daidelos"====
One clear error relating to use of early materials appears on the maps of the far north of Beleriand in the First Age printed on pages 4, 5, and 15. In the ''Atlas'', the lands at the foot of [[Thangorodrim]] are labeled "[[Dor Daedeloth]] (Land of Shadow Horror)" on various maps, while the wide region north of the [[Ered Engrin]] is labeled "Dor Daidelos (Region of Everlasting Cold)" (the p. 15 map uses "Regions" plural).

However, the published ''Silmarillion'' uses "Dor Daedeloth" (Land of the Shadow of Horror) as the name for the northern lands under the control of Morgoth without distinguishing the regions north and south of the mountains.<ref>{{S|Index}}, entry "Dor Daedeloth"</ref> The name "Daidelos" for the lands north of the Ered Engrin was used only on Ambarkanta Map V; in other draft material this was changed or corrected variously to "Dor-na-Dhaideloth ('Sky-roof')," "Daideloth ('High plain')," "Dor-Daidelos," "Dor-Daedeloth," and, ultimately, "Dor Daedeloth" as it appears in the published ''Silmarillion''.<ref>{{SM|Index}}, entry "Dor-Daideloth"</ref> It seems clear from this documented evolutionary process that Tolkien intended "Dor Daedeloth" to be equivalent to, and a replacement of, the earlier term "Daidelos," not for the two to be separate coexisting regions.

As such, the label "Dor Daidelos" is in error in three ways: First, the lands north of the Ered Engrin should share the name "Dor Daedeloth" with the lands in the shadow of Thangorodrim to the south. Second, the spelling "Dor Daidelos," unhyphenated, never appears in any primary source material. Third, the translation "Region(s) of Everlasting Cold" is entirely unattested and appears to be Fonstad's own invention.

== Translated editions ==
* ''Atlas de la Tierra Media'' (Spanish), editor Timun Mas Narrativa, 1993.
* ''L'atlante della Terra-di-mezzo di Tolkien'' (Italian), editor Rusconi Libri, 1997, translated by Isabella Murro.
* ''Atlas Středozemě'' (Czech), editor Mladá fronta, 1998, translated by Stanislava Pošustová-Menšíková.
* ''Historischer Atlas von Mittelerde'' (German), editor Klett-Cotta, translated by Hans J. Schütz. The first german edition was published in 2001.
* ''Atlas Śródziemia'' (Polish), editor Wydawnictwo Amber, 2016, translated by Tadeusz Andrzej Olszański.
* ''Középfölde atlasza'' (Hungarian), editor Cicero, 2017, translated by Gabriella Buki, Tamás Füzessy, and Balázs Tallian.
* ''O Atlas da Terra-média'' (Portuguese), HarperCollins Brasil, 2022, translated by Cristina Casagrande.
* ''L'Atlas de la Terre du Milieu'' (French), Bragelonne, 2022, translated by Daniel Lauzon. All the maps were redrawn by the freelance illustrator Stéphane Arson in a similar style than Fonstad but modernized.
* A Japanese edition was published in 2002.

== External links ==
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?913898 List] of English-language versions of the first edition
* [https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?468211 List] of English-language versions of the revised edition
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/karen_wynn_fonstad_-_atlas_terre_du_milieu Webpage] about the ''Atlas'' on Tolkiendil.com (French language)
* [https://www.tolkiendil.com/tolkien/sur-tolkien/critiques/atlas_fonstad_premiere_edition Webpage] on the first edition on Tolkiendil.com (French language)

{{References}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atlas of Middle-earth, The}}
{{title|italics}}
[[Category:Map books]]
[[Category:Publications by title]]